Antifirizi mmako na masonry ngwa agha. Ụdị, oriri, were

Chọpụta, na-ewu ewu na oyi bụ ihe siri ike karịa ke ndaeyo. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị ihu igwe na-adịghị kwa nwere ịrụ quality ọrụ. Na-emekarị na-arụ ọrụ siri ike frosts-anọgide na a ọkachamara na-ewu otu, ma ọ bụ ndị nna ha ukwu, ndị chọrọ ka dozie n'ebe obibi ha ozugbo o kwere omume. An enyemaka bara oké uru n'ihi na ndị na ndị ọzọ ga-raara antifirizi nwekwara. ikpeazụ were pụrụ igbochi akaghi hardening nke ciment.

Gịnị bụ ihe antifirizi mmako na ngwọta?

Dị ka a na-achị, na a ịrịba ọnụ na ihere okpomọkụ na-ewu ụlọ na-amalite na-enweta ndị ọzọ isi ike na N'ezie nke na-arụ ọrụ ihe na ụdị nile nke ihe ngwọta. Nke ahụ bụ n'ihi cement dabeere ikwọ adịghị anabata ntu oyi. N'ihi ya, na a okpomọkụ nke -5 ^{Celsius C,} ọ ga-eyi qualitative ngwọta kwụsị ịgbasi ike.

Na-adịbeghị anya, na-eji ukwu antifirizi nwekwara pụrụ iguzogide a okpomọkụ ọnụ ka ^-35 ° C na ndị ọzọ. Pụrụ iche formulations maka slurries nwere kemịkal, n'ọrụ Efrata nke belata kefriza ebe mmiri. N'ihi ya, ihe a na-ghọtara na masonry, ọbụna oké oyi.

The nsogbu nke nzukọ nke ndị brickwork na oyi na-atụ

Na omume nke na-ewu na na oyi na-aghọ ndị kasị sie ike owuwu inye ndị dị mkpa ike. Mgbe okpomọkụ dara n'okpuru efu, mmiri mmiri mejupụtara crystallizes na ngwọta. N'ihi ya, kwụsị cement hydration usoro.

Na-amụba okpomọkụ na ice kpụrụ n'ime masonry na ewu ihe owuwu n'elu-amalite agbazekwa, ọ bụchaghị na-akpata a ọnụ ke adhesion ngwọta. Ọzọ mmetụta ọjọọ n'ahụ bụ guzobere obere voids na ihe owuwu, nke nwere ike ekemende iduga a pụtara ngwa ngwa mbibi nke mgbidi na uko ụlọ.

Akụkụ nke nkwadebe nke ihe ngwọta

N'agbanyeghị ihe isi ike na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ, ịkpụ blọk oyi ghara-ala mma karịa na-ekpo ọkụ oge. Otú ọ dị, iji nweta ihe na-atụ anya results, ọ dị mkpa iji kwadebe a pụrụ iche ngwọta, nke ndị mejupụtara ga-adị ugbu antifirizi nwekwara.

Na-na njikere nke ngwa agha, i kwesịrị na-elekọta nchedo. Buru n'uche na ọ fọrọ nke nta niile antifirizi mmako mejupụtara ji nnọọ ike ike ọgwụ nwere ike imerụ ahụ ike. Ya mere, na-akwadebe ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa dị arọ uwe, nchekwa enyoanya, roba akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ikekwe na overalls.

N'ihi na n'elu ihe mere mixes na ọdịnaya nke nsi bụghị kwesịrị ekwesị maka na-ewu ntọala ma na-akwado mgbidi ụlọ. Dị ka mmiri nbelata ịjụ oyi mmako na masonry ngwa agha na-aju ime n'ihi na ọrụ n'ime ogige.

Types of antifirizi nwekwara

Ciment na onuete nwere ike inweta zuru ezu ike larịị ruo mgbe ntu oyi ọmụmụ na-enyere aka conventionally-eji na-esonụ antifirizi nwekwara masonry ngwa agha:

• Potash (potassium carbonate).
• Sodium formate.
• Sodium chloride.
• Sodium nitrite (nitrous sodium).
• Potassium chloride.

N'ihi na ọrụ na ẹsụhọde okpomọkụ nke gburugburu na -15 ^{° C} kacha ngwọta ga-ojiji nke antifirizi nwekwara n'ụdị nitrite na sodium formate.

Na ọzọ dị oké njọ oyi ihu igwe ala -30 ^{° C} ga-eji potash. Ihe nke a ngwọta - nchedo corrosion ngosipụta na ikpe nke na-erection nke mesikwuru slabs. The ojiji nke potassium carbonate dị ka iji gbochie omume nke efflorescence na sikwuo ike ngwọta. Ma chlorinated nwekwara, nke ikpeazụ na-akwụsịlata mbibi nke nwee ume akụkụ nke chepụtara.

Antifirizi mmako oriri

Ke imewe nke ikwọ maka brickwork dị mkpa na-edebe chọrọ n'ike-n'ike. ha na-adabere, isi, na ihere okpomọkụ.

Ka anyị lee nkezi àmà maka ojiji nke ndị kasị ewu ewu "mgbochi-akpụkọta" na table. Ọ na-egosipụta na oriri nke antifirizi nwekwara dị ka a pasent nke arọ nke ciment.

plasticizers

Antifirizi mmako ngwọta nwere ike dochie anya pụrụ iche plasticizers na dịkwuo ekwedo nke ngwa agha ma belata mkpa ngwa nke mmiri mmiri. Site n'iji ndị nke ikpeazụ ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị na tọrọ akụkụ nke ọ nweghị mgbanwe. N'ihi ya, ihe ngwọta nwere oge jidere ọbụna na ịrịba ntu oyi.

E wezụga masonry, ike ga-eji dị otú ahụ kpọmkwem antifirizi mmako maka nyagide mixtures maka nkwadebe nke onwe-leveling n'ala ndokwa, mgbe ihe ọrụ. The plasticizing bekee na-agwakọta a di ntakiri ego nke mmiri. Ha ọdịnaya na ngwọta bụ banyere 5% site na ibu ibu nke ciment. Ịnọgide na-enwe otosịrị iru zuru ezu ịrụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ipigide na ọnọdụ nke ala okpomọkụ.

Ihe i kwesịrị ịma banyere arụmọrụ nke masonry ọrụ oyi oge?

Ghara-emechu ihu na-arụpụta nke ewu omume ndị na-na-rụrụ na ala okpomọkụ arụmọrụ, iji ntị ka ndị na-esonụ na-atụ aro:

1. Masonry ụlọ ihe nwere ike ọ gaghị eji, kpuchie na snow, na ntu oyi ma ọ bụ icing.
2. All ngwọta mmiri nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu, gụnyere antifirizi nwekwara na plasticizers, ga-echekwara na akọrọ, ventilated ebe na ihere okpomọkụ.
3. N'agbanyeghị nke mejupụtara nke ihe ngwọta na okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ n'oge oyi oge ipigide na-atụ aro na-ebu dị ka ngwa ngwa o kwere omume. Enweghị na-egbu oge na-enye ohere mmadụ jidere ngwa ngwa.
4. Aga-agbaji n'ohu ahụ masonry dị mkpa ikpuchi ihe plastic Kechie sounding ka ọ bụla ọzọ na ihe onwunwe kwesịrị ekwesị maka ọrụ dị irè ruo nwa oge njide owuwu.
5. Dị ka ihe ndabere maka nkwadebe nke ihe ngwọta na-adịghị eji ciment ika M-50 n'okpuru. Ịgwakọta nke mmiri ọbụna n'ihe banyere "mgbochi-akpụkọta" ga-rụrụ na a na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ.
6. Ọ bụrụ na-arụ ọrụ na ala okpomọkụ dị mma na-enye mmasị na nnweta nke okokụre ngwọta, nke na-kwukwara antifirizi gị n'ụlọnga ke kacha otosịrị iru ọbụna n'oge mmepụta ogbo.

N'ihi ya,

Na-arụ n'ọrụ iwu ihe na oyi oge isi ihe - echefula tinye pụrụ iche antifirizi ngwọta. Otú ọ dị, iwebata "antifirizi" na simenti mejupụtara bụ dị ka apụtakarị naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ihere okpomọkụ na-lowered ka -5 ajụ ^C.

N'oge nkwadebe nke ihe ngwọta na-nnọọ na-atụ aro iji n'ihi na a ogologo oge na-ochie antifirizi nwekwara na-enyo enyo adị ndụ. Ma ọ bụghị ya, agụmakwụkwọ ga-akwụ arọ stains na efflorescence n'elu owuwu.