Calcium oxide. Physical, kwes na chemical Njirimara. Ngwa.

Calcium oxide - a ọcha crystalline compound. Ndị ọzọ na aha a umi - quicklime, calcium oxide, "egbu egbu Bee", "quicklime". Calcium oxide onye usoro CaO, na ya mmeghachi omume ngwaahịa na (H2O) mmiri - Ca (OH) 2 ( "pushonka" ma ọ bụ slaked wayo) hụrụ mbara ngwa ke ụlọ ahịa.

Olee otú iji nweta calcium oxide?

1. Industrial usoro maka nkwadebe nke umi bụ na thermal (n'okpuru okpomọkụ) mmụba nke nkume nzu (calcium carbonate) :

CaCO3 (nkume nzu) = CaO (calcium oxide) + CO2 (carbon dioxide)

2. Calcium oxide nwekwara ike-akwadebe site omume mfe bekee:

2Ca (calcium) + O2 (oxygen) = 2CaO (calcium oxide)

3. A atọ usoro nke na-amị calcium oxide bụ thermal decomposition nke calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2) na calcium salts nke ọtụtụ oxygen-nwere asịd:

2Ca (NO3) 2 (calcium nitrate) = 2CaO (ewepụtara umi) + 4NO2 (nitrogen oxide) + O2 (oxygen)

Physical Njirimara nke calcium oxide

1. Ọdịdị: crystalline compound nke na-acha ọcha na agba. Pịnye crystallized sodium chloride (NaCl) na ihu kpọt cubic crystal lattice.

2. ezengwenri uka nke 55,07 grams / ahumachi.

3. The njupụta bụ 3.3 g / santimetr³.

Kwes Njirimara nke calcium oxide

1. The agbaze okpomọkụ bụ 2570 degrees

2. The esi n'ókè nke 2850 degrees

3. The ezengwenri okpomọkụ ike (na ọkọlọtọ ọnọdụ) bụ 42,06 J / (mol · K)

4. The enthalpy nke guzobere (n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ ọnọdụ) nke -635 King James Version / mol

The chemical Njirimara nke calcium oxide

Calcium oxide (CaO usoro) - bụ isi isi oxide. Ya mere, ọ nwere ike:

- soluble na mmiri (H2O) na ntọhapụ nke ike. Nke a Nleta calcium hydroxide. Nke a na mmeghachi omume bụ dị ka ndị a:

CaO (calcium oxide) + H2O (mmiri) = Ca (OH) 2 (calcium hydroxide) + 63.7 King James Version / mol;

- eme na asịd na acid oxides. Na nke a na-etolite na nnu. Lee ihe atụ ụfọdụ nke Jeremaya mere:

CaO (calcium oxide) + SO2 (sọlfọ dioxide) = CaSO3 (calcium sulfite)

CaO (calcium oxide) + 2HCl (hydrochloric acid) = CaCl2 (calcium chloride) + H2O (mmiri).

The ojiji nke calcium oxide:

1. The isi mpịakọta tupu anyị bekee na-eji na mmepụta nke silica brick na-ewu. Na mbụ, edifọp lime e ji mee ka lime ciment. Ya na-akwadebe site agwakọta ya na mmiri (H2O). Ihe calcium oxide na-ebe n'ime ndị hydroxide nke ahụ, site na-adọrọ ikuku carbon dioxide (CO2), ukwuu obi tara mmiri, na-atụgharị n'ime calcium carbonate (CaCO3). N'agbanyeghị ala na-eri nke usoro a, ugbu a cement lime na-fọrọ nke nta mgbe eji na-ewu, dị ka ọ nwere ike na-etinye obi ha dum na-ọma-akpọkọtara a mmiri mmiri.

2. Dị ka calcia refractory ihe kwesịrị ekwesị dị ka ihe ego na ngwa ngwa dị ihe. Gwakọtara calcium oxide nwere a iguzogide mmiri (H2O), ikwe na ya iji dị ka a refractory, ebe ojiji nke oké ọnụ ihe impractical.

3. N'oge laboratories nke isi ojiji nke calcium oxide maka ihicha bekee na-adịghị eme ya.

4. nri ụlọ ọrụ umi na-aha dị ka a nri mmako n'okpuru E 529. designation na-eji dị ka ihe emulsifier maka ihe e kere eke nke a homogeneous ngwakọta nke na-abụghị miscible na onye ọ bụla ọzọ bekee - mmiri, mmanụ na-etekwa.

5. ụlọ ọrụ calcium oxide na-eji wepụ sọlfọ dioxide (SO2) si flue, haruru. Eji na-abụkarị 15% mmiri ngwọta. Dị ka a n'ihi nke mmeghachi omume nke-emekọ hydrated wayo na sọlfọ dioxide, gypsum nwetara CaCO4 na CaCO3. Na nwere, na-eme nnyocha chọrọ egosi na 98% otchistki anwụrụ ọkụ nke sọlfọ dioxide.

6. Ji pụrụ iche "samogreyuscheysya" efere. Arịa na a obere ego nke calcium oxide na-ewekarị n'agbata mgbidi abụọ nke arịa. Mgbe ịkpọpu ndị Capsule na mmiri mmeghachi omume na-amalite na ntọhapụ nke ụfọdụ okpomọkụ.