"Cyclosporin": ntuziaka maka ojiji. "Cyclosporin A": ntụziaka. Anya tụlee na cyclosporine

Na ọdịdị, e nwere bekee ike nke n'igbochi na cellular na humoral ọgụ na anụmanụ ahụ rụrụ site T-lymphocytes. Ọ bụ omume na-ọma-ebu ngwa transplants na-emeso ọrịa jikọtara isi ọgụ. Otu onye dị otú cyclosporin bụ eke ogige.

nkọwa

Oghere nke umi metụtara ọmụmụ nke fungal pụta Tolypocladium inflatum na Cylindrocarpon lucidum. Synthesized nke biologically ifịk mmadụ dị ka cyclosporin A na C igosipụta immunological ọrụ megide lymphocytic sel ọbara. Nke a na atụmatụ mbụ chọpụtara ke 1972 site na ọkà mmụta sayensị si "Sandoz" nke Swiss lab. Ọ na-e chọpụtara na chemical Ọdịdị nke cyclosporine bụ na-anọpụ iche lipophilic cyclic endecapeptide na akara kpọmkwem immunosuppressive edinam.

Ọ dabeere na ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere a nhọrọ ihe na T-lymphocytes ebelata cellular na humoral ọgụ. Cyclosporin ọbara egbochi mmepụta nke lymphokines, nke na-ebelata lymphocyte ọrụ, ma ọ dịghị ihe pụrụ isi kwuo na usoro nke hematopoiesis na-arụ ọrụ phagocytes, na-egosi na nhọrọ ihe nke compound ke idem.

onunu ogwu forms

Ọ nwere mmasị na kit na ọgwụ nwere cyclosporin, ntụziaka ntuziaka. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ na-agụnye ozi na ntọhapụ ụdị ọgwụ. Preparations nke a umi na-emepụta ụdị:

• adụ capsules na a onunu ogwu nke 25, 50 na 100 milligrams;
• mmanya na-edeghị ede ngwọta na 100 milligrams nke cyclosporin kwa ml nke ihe;
• mmanụ onu ngwọta na 100 milligrams nke cyclosporin kwa ml nke ihe;
• uche maka imewe nke a ngwọta maka infusion ochichi na 50 na 650 milligrams nke cyclosporin kwa milliliter;
• anya tụlee na 500 micrograms kwa milliliter nke cyclosporine.

Dabere na ojiji nke usoro onunu ogwu ụdị ga-abụ dị iche iche: n'ihi na esịtidem ochichi, maka ogwu ogbugba, maka Nde ngwa.

Ọ na-kweere na ọnụego nke absorption nke nọ n'ọrụ akụrụngwa, ìgwè oge nke kasị elu ịta na ọbara nke Capsule na ihe ngwọta maka esịtidem n'ikuku na-atụle Ẹkot.

Drug "Tacrolimus": ogbo

Na-emepụta ọgwụ ahịa e nwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na-emepụta otu ọgwụ ụdị, na-enye n'ụzọ otu mmetụta. N'ọrụ mgwa ha bụ cyclosporine. Ntuziaka maka ojiji nke synonyms immunodepressorov atụle weba ọgwụ ọjọọ na-ebelata dịghịzi Jeremaya mere.

N'etiti ọgwụ encapsulated na a adụ gelatin shei na mmiri mmiri agbanwe agbanwe bụ onye mbụ ọgwụ "Sandimmun Neoral" mepụtara Swiss ọgwụ na ụlọ ọrụ "Novartis". The ọgwụ ọjọọ ndị ọzọ na-ewere aruputaghari na image kere mbụ mejupụtara na a umi cyclosporin. Analogues dị ka ọgwụ ọjọọ "Cyclosporin hexane", "Ekoral", "Tsiklopren" "Cyclosporin A", mepụtara n'ụdị capsules ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta maka esịtidem ma ọ bụ na-anata injections.

Ha isi nzube - mbenata ojuju na transplantation nke esịtidem akụkụ ma ọ bụ ụmị ọkpụkpụ. Na-emeso ha dị ka autoimmune ọrịa, dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site mmasị ka ọgwụ ọjọọ, "Tacrolimus" ntuziaka maka ojiji. Analogs nwere yiri àgwà, na-egosi maka ojiji.

The usoro nke edinam "Cyclosporin A" ọgwụ

Na obi niile edinam nke immunosuppressive ọgwụ ọjọọ bụ a nhọrọ utịp ke T-lymphocytes. Ọ dịghị ma e wezụga na ọgwụ "Cyclosporin A". Guide zuru ezu na-ekpuchi isi usoro pharmacodynamic mmetụta nke nọ n'ọrụ akụrụngwa, nke na-ejikọ na ihe nnabata formations n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ. Mbelata mmepụta nke interleukins na interferon ebelata okwu nke na-anabata ya maka IL-2.

Agwọ ọrịa "Cyclosporin A" na-ebelata na mmepụta nke-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-eduzi na ya mkpụrụ ndụ na anụ ahụ, nke ha weere na ha ọbịa na-ebibi. Nke a na atụmatụ-enye gị ohere iji belata immunological ọrịa ma belata ọrụ nke autoimmune ọrịa.

Great arụmọrụ "Cyclosporin A" na-akwanyere ndị allograft. Ihe kpatara nke a jụrụ ajụ nke dọgharịala anụ ahụ na akụkụ bụ ebighị nke dịghịzi T mkpụrụ ndụ site na. Ha ifịk ifịk-amalite-emepụta n'okpuru mmetụta nke transplantation abụkwara na-emetụta aka na mkpụrụ ndụ, na-eduga ha ọnwụ.

Action immunodepressora eduga igbochi njikọ T-mkpụrụ ndụ na mgbochi nke T-lymphocytes ibilite dịghịzi Jeremaya mere. N'ihi ya, ịdị irè nke ọgwụ ọjọọ, "Cyclosporin A" (ọrụ na-egosi na nke a) pụtara nanị mgbe suppression nke transplant abụkwara. Site n'ibibi mmekọrịta antigen antibody gbochiri necrosis nke dọgharịala akụkụ mkpụrụ ndụ.

Gịnị mere ide

Egosi maka Iji "Tacrolimus" ntuziaka maka ojiji nke ọgwụ na-kewara abụọ ige.

Nke mbụ bụ transplantation ma ọ bụ transplantation nke na-enye onyinye anụ ahụ na akụkụ. A na nkà mmụta ọgwụ-eji na-egbochi ịjụ ngwa ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ podsazhennogo. A, grafts eji akpụkpọ, obi, ụmị ọkpụkpụ, akpa ume, imeju, akụrụ, pancreas. Ikekwe na ojiji nke ọgwụ ọjọọ iji kpochapụ ojuju mgbe ndị ọzọ na immunosuppressive mmadụ. Nke abụọ, Atiya bụ autoimmune ọrịa a oké ụdị. Ọzọkwa gị n'ụlọnga kenyere ala arụmọrụ nke ọzọ ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Na ihe ọrịa anyị si emeso ọgwụ ọjọọ, "Tacrolimus"? maka ojiji na-egosi gụnyere ntụziaka allocates nnukwu iche nke atopic dermatitis na neurodermatitis, ngosipụta nke psoriasis, ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, na-emetụta ndị obere nkwonkwo bụ nanị ire ọkụ. Ekwe Omume ojiji na uveitis n'etiti na n'azụ akụkụ nke anya mgbe nanị ire ọkụ choroid na retina, na nephrotic syndrome na hormone-gormonoustoychivoy okike.

mbanye iwu

Drug ọgwụgwọ a na-atụ aro na n'okpuru nlekọta nke ndị ọrụ na a ọgwụ. A na-eji esịtidem ngwa ma ọ bụ igba ogwu n'akwara ntapu, ọ bụ ezie na mmasị a na-nyere na-enweta onu ngwọta ma ọ bụ capsules.

Tableware, na-eji maka na-akwadebe a ngwọta maka igba ogwu n'akwara ọgwụ ga-mere nke iko, kama nke polyvinyl chloride zere mmeghachi omume na Castor mmanụ.

N'ihi dilution nke uche na-eji a n'ahụ 0,9 percent ngwọta nke sodium chloride ma ọ bụ 5 percent glucose ngwọta. Dilution na-eme na otosịrị iru site 1:20 1: 100, dabere na nzube. Webata ọgwụ nwayọọ nwayọọ si abụọ na awa isii.

Tupu transplanting akụkụ ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ ẹkenam tupu cyclosporin ngwọta maka ihe anọ na iri awa. Iji gbochie anabata ngosipụta ke ukem họpụtara antiallergic ọgwụgwọ na ndị ọzọ immunosuppressants. Mgbe izu abụọ nke igba ogwu n'akwara ochichi nke ọgwụ site onu ngwa. The kwa ụbọchị dose kenyere gị dọkịta, iwere ugboro abụọ na awa iri na abụọ.

Capsules aṅụ dum enweghị mmalite envelopu, asa ala na mmiri. The ọgwụ na mmiri mmiri n'ụdị tupu were diluted n'ime mmiri ọṅụṅụ ke otu iko beaker. The ntuziaka na-akọwa n'ụzọ zuru ezu na otú itopusi ngwugwu na otú ọsịsọ a ngwọta gụsịrị akwụkwọ ntụtụ nke karama, iji kwesịrị ekwesị họrọ nri ego nke ọgwụ. Mgbe na-aṅụ ihe ngwọta akpa na-rinsed na mmiri na-aṅụ mmiri mmiri, na ọ dịghị ọnwụ nke dose.

Concomitant oji a contraindicated ọgwụ ọjọọ na mmiri grape, nke na-ebelata mmetụta nke ọgwụ, na-n'oge ọgwụgwọ machibidoro ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na ndụ attenuated na sera si Rubella, polio, Measles, mumps.

onunu ogwu

Mgbe dọgharịala okenye mbanye amalite na a kwa ụbọchị dose nke 10-14 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro. Mgbe asaa na iri na anọ na ụbọchị nke ọgwụgwọ tụrụ site ịta nke cyclosporine ke iyịp. Ọ na-enwe mmetụta na ọnụego nke absorption na akakabarede ke idem. Nke a na egosi dị mkpa inyocha iji gbochie mmetụta na izere ọjọọ na nkwukọrịta ndị ọzọ ọgwụ ọjọọ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, kwa ụbọchị dose nke ọgwụ na-ebelata ka 3.6 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro, ọ na-kewara abụọ ojiji. Therapeutic plasma ọdịnaya nke cyclosporin otú dịgasị iche n'ebe 110 ruo 410 nanograms kwa milliliter.

Mgbe transplantation nke akụrụ na-anata agwọ ọrịa na a dose nke erughị atọ na anọ milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro nwere ike ime ka a jụrụ ajụ.

Ụmị ọkpụkpụ transplantation na-achọ na ojiji nke a Nchikota cyclosporine na methotrexate. A di na nwunye nke ụbọchị tupu transplant ọrịa ndinọ kwa intravenously nke si 2,5 5 milligrams kwa kilogram arọ ahụ bekee.

Mgbe ntughari ka ọgwụgwọ nke capsules amalite a kwa ụbọchị dose nke 12.5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro, nke e weere dị ka ugboro abụọ. Ọgwụgwọ ndị dị otú ahụ buru ibu nke ọgwụ ekwupụtakwa na atọ ka ọnwa isii. Nke nta nke nta mkpa iji belata onunu ogwu ruo mgbe ọgwụgwọ oge.

Iji kpochapụ nnukwu ọnọdụ iji mbụ kwa ụbọchị dose nke ọgwụ si 12.5 15 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro (iri abụọ na-eru nso). Ụbọchị na iri ise na-eji usoro onunu ogwu Mbelata ise percent maka izu, na mgbe ọnwa ise nke na-ewere ọgwụ imecha. ọzọ ọgwụgwọ "Cyclosporin" agwọ ọrịa rụrụ bụrụ na nke ugboro ugboro mmeghachi omume. Ntuziaka maka ojiji, kwuru nwere ozi banyere lanarị dọgharịala akụkụ (obi, imeju). Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, otu afọ ọ esịmde iri asatọ percent.

Ọgwụgwọ nke autoimmune ọrịa na-achọ a pụrụ iche na obibia oke nke doses nke ọ bụla ọrịa.

Site na ịnweta "Cyclosporin" nkwadebe ntụziaka ntuziaka na-atụ aro ọgwụgwọ nke oké uveitis. Anyị ga na-amalite na a kwa ụbọchị dose nke 5-10 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro na-arapara n'ahụ ya belata mbufụt na normalisation nke visual ọrụ. The ọgwụgwọ bụ atọ na iri na isi na ọnwa. Na oké ọnya nke Nchikota na prednisolone na a dose nke 200 na 600 micrograms kwa kilogram nke ime arọ.

Na oké psoriasis kwa ụbọchị dose bụ 2,5 milligram kwa kilogram nke ahu aro, n'ikuku a rụrụ n'ime abụọ na-eru nso. The onunu ogwu na-amụba site 1 milligram kwa kilogram nke ahu aro, ma ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 5 milligrams kwa kilogram, ma ọ bụrụ na mgbe ụbọchị iri atọ mgbe ihe mmalite nke ọrịa, ọ dịghị mma. Admission kagbuo mgbe izu isii ma ọ bụrụ na ọgwụgwọ bụ adighi ike.

Nephrotic syndrome na nkịtị gbasara akụrụ ọrụ ndị okenye na-emeso site na iji na onunu ogwu nke ọgwụ 6 milligrams kwa kilogram arọ ahụ na ụmụ - aka 5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro. Ọ bụrụ na gbasara akụrụ ọrụ bụ isi, onunu ogwu - adịghị karịa 2,5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro.

N'oge ọgwụgwọ na a cyclosporin ọdịnaya a na-ekwu na ọbara plasma. Maka ọgwụgwọ nrụpụta ọrụ na-achọ ya ịta n'ime ọbara ke ichekwa 60-160 nanograms kwa milliliter.

N'oge ọnwa atọ mbụ ga-akara nke creatinine ozo na ọbara ọbara, dị ka ndị na-abawanye na a na-egosi ike egosi mmalite nke ojuju nke a dọgharịala ngwa ma ọ bụ ọrịa akụrụ. N'ihi na ndị mmadụ nwere akụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na analysis rụrụ ozugbo ọ bụla iri na anọ na ụbọchị, ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere imebi, creatinine index tụrụ ọ bụla ụbọchị asaa. Mgbe ịta nke ngosi karịa 200 micromoles kwa liter n'ihi na ndị okenye na ndị ọzọ karịa 140 micromoles kwa liter maka ụmụaka rụrụ abolition nke ọgwụ.

N'ihi na o kwere omume na-egbu egbu na mmetụta nke ọgwụ a rụrụ oge nlekota nke ọdịnaya nke bilirubin, urea, amylase, magnesium na potassium ion na ọbara, imeju enzymes kpebisiri ike.

Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo bụ a oké ụdị ke akpa izu isii emeso nkwadebe "Cyclosporin" na a dose nke 2,5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro, sochiri ọgwụgwọ na kwa ụbọchị dose ekwesịghị gafere 4 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro. Mgbe ogbenye tolerability nke agwọ ọrịa bụ omume na-belata ya ego na kacha nta irè dose. Ikekwe a Nchikota "Ciclosporin" ọgwụ ọjọọ na a obere ego nke corticosteroids ma ọ bụ ndị so ná ndị mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Siri ike iche nke atopic dermatitis na-emeso site kwa ochichi ọgwụ na a dose nke 2,5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro. Ọ bụrụ na e nweghị mmetụta mgbe iri na anọ na ụbọchị kenyere kacha kwa ụbọchị dose - 5 milligrams kwa kilogram nke ahu aro. Ọ bụrụ na e mma na steeti, ọ na-atụ aro a jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na Mbelata na dose ọgwụ.

Mee cyclosporine anya? anya tụlee

Immunosuppressive mmadụ na e ji na ophthalmology maka ọgwụgwọ nke akọrọ anya. N'ihi na ndị a na nzube, cyclosporine. Anya tụlee dị na ya na (0.05 percent) na-ahịa n'okpuru tradename "Restasis".

Nke a gị n'ụlọnga bụ ìgwè nke ọgwụ ndị e ji chebe cornea na humidification. Emepụta nkwadebe na otu dose of 0.4 milligram vials nke ọdịnaya na onye milliliter nke ngwọta 500 mg nke nọ n'ọrụ mgwa.

Gịnị pharmaceuticals egosi cyclosporine? Eye tụlee emepụta mgbochi mkpali, immunomodulatory mmetụta, inhibit mmepụta nke lachrymal secretion n'oge akọrọ keratoconjunctivitis.

Olee otú iji ndị ọgwụ ọjọọ, "Restasis"

Mpaghara eji n'aka "Restasis" nwere cyclosporin. Ojiji Guide na-atụ aro eyedrops mbụ jijiji vial nweta a homogeneous opaque ọcha emulsion. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ i nwere ike na-amalite ịkụnye tụlee n'ime ndị conjunctival nwa nke onye ọrịa ahụ anya. Nke a na usoro a rụrụ ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị, ozugbo ọ bụla awa iri na abụọ. N'itinye ọgwụ gaghị emetụ ihu anya mucosa mkpọ iji gbochie ingress nke ọrịa na ngwọta. Ọ dị mkpa ka i cheta na ị mkpa iji ọgwụ ozugbo mgbe mmalite vial, fọdụrụ ngwọta na-adịghị eji, ọ bụ tinye n'ọrụ.

Ọ dịghị ihe ngwọta "Restasis" ọgwụ ọjọọ mgbe yi kọntaktị anya m. Ha na-ewepụ tupu iji nke ngwọta, na ike ga-reinserted mgbe naanị nkeji iri na ise.

The ojiji nke cyclosporine maka anụmanụ

Ugbu a, a immunosuppressive gị n'ụlọnga na-eji nwekwara maka ọgwụgwọ nke autoimmune ọrịa na nkịta na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ.

Ná mmalite naanị n'ihi na ndị mmadụ na-eji cyclosporine. "Sandimmune" - mmanụ ngwọta nwere ugbu compound, mgbe na-eji dị iche iche ọrịa mere ka a dị iche iche ịta nke nọ n'ọrụ mgwa na plasma.

ọzọ oge a na ụdị e kere mgbe - ultramicronized cyclosporine ( "Neoral"). Ọ na-akpata kpụworo a microemulsion n'oge mmekọrịta mmiri mmiri. Nke a mere ka imeziwanye ihe na absorption na bioavailability nke ọgwụ ka megide mmanụ ngwọta nke bụ adabara ụmụ anụmanụ.

A na-ewere onye okike ụdị ọgwụgwọ ahụ bụ Novartis. E nyere ikike ọgwụ ahụ nyere ikikere n'afọ 2003 n'okpuru aha "Atopika", a na-ebute ya maka ọgwụgwọ nke atopic dermatitis na ụmụ anụmanụ. Ruo oge ahụ, n'enweghị akwụkwọ, a na-eji immunosuppressants mee ihe na transplanting akụrụ ka nwamba na nkịta wepụ ihe mgbaàmà nke usoro mkpesa.

Mgbaàmà nke atopic dermatitis na-apụtakarị na ụmụ nkịta na nwamba n'etiti afọ isii na afọ atọ. Nke a bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke nlọghachite ugboro ugboro. Ọ chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ndụ niile na ọgwụ nwere cyclosporine. Ntuziaka maka iji anụmanụ mee ihe pụtara "Atopika" na-egosi na o nwere ike iji ogologo oge ya rụọ ọrụ nke ọma na n'enweghị nsogbu.

Na iri nri nke ihe oriri na ogwugwu, enwere ike inwe mgbanwe na absorption, n'ihi ya, a na-atụ aro ka ị ṅụọ ọgwụ a awa abụọ mgbe ma ọ bụ tupu nri.

N'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị mma site na iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe, ọtụtụ mgbe enwere nsogbu na usoro nsị, ma a na-egosipụta ha n'ụzọ dị nwayọọ. Mmetụta ndị ọzọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke hypertrichosis, hyperplasia gingival na hyperplastic dermatitis. Site n'ibelata ọgwụ ọjọọ, ha na-apụ nwayọọ nwayọọ.

Nchịkọta nke cyclosporine na-ebelata uto na mmepe nke ndị na-eme ka ndị mmadụ na-ebute ọrịa staphylococcal ma na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ na-egbuke egbuke, na ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ ọ naghị eme ka ọkpụkpụ aka, mgbali elu, na nhazi nke neoplasms. Ihe ndị a nile na-egosi ọkwa dị ala nke nsogbu dị iche iche n'oge ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge nke atatic dermatitis na nkịta.