Dọkịta n'oge 1941-1945 Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya oge. ọgwụ na ahụ ike feat na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya

Medics na WWII gosiri na obere heroism, resilience na obi ike karịa ndị agha, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, airmen, ndị isi na ndị ọrụ nke home n'ihu. Girl nurse na-emebi emebi n'ubu-ebu merụọ ndị agha, ọgwụ mkpara na-arụ ọrụ ehihie na abalị, na-enweghị na-ahapụ ndị ọrịa, pharmacists eme ihe niile kwere omume na-enye elu-arụmọrụ n'ihu ọgwụ na chọrọ ichekwa. E a ìhè post, ọnọdụ, n'ebe ọrụ - ọ bụla nke dọkịta so.

Akasiaha agha

Medical ọrụ, nakwa dị ka ndị agha niile wee gaa agha na ọnọdụ nke ya na mberede mmalite. Ọtụtụ ihe omume iji na rụọ nlekọta ahụ ike na onunu, ka nọ na-n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na e dechara. Nkewa ókè distrikti na-agha na a mmachi ọkọnọ nke ọgwụ, ngwá ọrụ na akụrụngwa. The ọzọ ịrịba feat nke dọkịta n'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, ejisie na ndị kasị sie ike na ọnọdụ ịzọpụta ike na ndụ nke ndị agha na ndị nkịtị.

Site n'ubọchi mbu nke agha ya na-emepụta erughị ala ọnọdụ dị ka ọkọnọ nke ẹdude agha, na na mmepụta nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike na ngwá ọrụ. The isi mee nke ọgwụ, ịwa ahụ ngwá, dressings, lekwasị ke ókè distrikti, enweghị oge na-si. ọkpụrụkpụ ichekwa ụlọọgwụ, nke na-bu n'obi na-kpụrụ ma gbapụ nkeji na oru e efu.

N'agbanyeghị na ọnwụ nke ahụ ike n'ụlọ nkwakọba, ekele ndị siri oru na ịrịba mgbalị nke ndị na-anwụghị nke agha pharmacists n'ụlọ nkwakọba n'ihu akara na kpọpụrụ karịa 1200 ugbala nke ahụ ike akụ na mba nke n'azụ.

Ahụmahụ amịpụtara ọbara

Siri maka mba na 1941 biri na nọworo mbụ isi mmeri nke Red Army na a grueling agha n'ihi na Moscow. Ọ na-karịsịa n'ụzọ doro anya na-egosipụta ike feat na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya. Photos of oge weghaara footage nke alụso napụtara n'aka n'okpuru a hurricane ọkụ na bọmbụ medics na ndị nọọsụ. E nwere ugboro ugboro mgbe mgbe enyemaka n'ọrụ kpuchie ya merụrụ, ọ bụghị ìgwè ewu na ndụ. Siri nke ahụ ike na ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ebinyeghị akụkụ ọ bụla ọnụ ọgụgụ. a nnukwu ego nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike na ngwá e nọrọ n'oge Agha nke Moscow:

• Naanị na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ n'ihu karịa 12 nde mita nke fere fere.
• Kalinin na Western asakde iso ese nọrọ ihe karịrị 172 tọn gypsum.
• Ọtụtụ-eji set nke "merụọ", ndị regimental na divisional, nke nwere ihe ndị kasị mkpa ọgwụ, serums, isi agịga Ma do, ndụdụ. Na n'ihu ndị n'ụlọ nkwakọba nke Western Front na ndị agha na-agbala 583 tent nke 169 tent nke regimental na divisional.

Ụzọ nke na-ahazi ọgwụ na Moscow agha, chịkọtara nzukọ na Red Army GVSU 12-15 April 1942, kwere ihe ọma mejuputa ndokwa nke ndị agha na ọgwụ na oru na ụdi arụmọrụ nke agha.

N'ihi na anyị na Moscow!

Medics na WWII na mụtara na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ dị irè na okwu nke na-azara ọnụ (ichighaazu), na na-agha, na ngwa ngwa breakthroughs ke akwa omimi nke n'ihu. N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, a bara uru e nweela mgbe ogologo persistent agbachitere na ụdi counter-akpasu iwe na Moscow ebe. The Battle nke Moscow kwere ịgbanwe nzukọ nke na-elekọta plan agha mgbanwe site nzere omume na-eduzi na-akpasu iwe arụmọrụ na a emeri n'ike.

Ọbụna tupu nzere agha na isi obodo nke ike na ọrụ ndị Western na Bryansk asakde iso ese na-arụ ọrụ ike na-etinye iji na ha agha na ego, nke e budata ebelatawo site arọ weere na mbụ na nke abụọ ọnwa nke agha. Akpan akpan anya nwere na-akwụ ụgwọ iji staffing ọgwụ nkeji nke regiments na nkewa nọọsụ na orderlies, uzọ-ama.

na-ebute ụzọ

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe banyere medics na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na-regretting ndụ ha na-agba vyvoloch, site ọ bụla ga-ewetara ndị e merụrụ si n'ọgbọ agha ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ. M nwere na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọkụ, na okpomọkụ na mmiri ozuzo, na apịtị na snow.

Karịsịa bụ siri mwepụ nke merụọ na a miri emi snowpack. Ya mere, ihe ndị kasị pụrụ ịdabere na ịdị ọcha ụgbọala, karịsịa n'oge blizzards na snow drifts ndị snow. Ma ọ bụghị naanị maka iga nke unan na regimental ọgwụ emmepe (PHC), ma ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụkwa maka ha esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile si PMP ka divisional clinics. Ọ ghọrọ n'ụzọ doro anya hụrụ na ya kwesịrị nwere ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iji na-ewusi njikọ dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike ọrụ. Dị otú ahụ na-gụnyere na ahụ ike na ọrụ agha equestrian ịdị ọcha ụlọ ọrụ, ukwuu mmemmem ngwa esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile.

ụlọ ọgwụ

Military dọkịta n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ ọtụtụ iri puku na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ. Ihe atụ, na oge nke 1941-1942. Naanị na ndị agha nke Western Front nwere 50 ọgwụ na 10 mobile evakopriemnikov a ngụkọta ikike 15,000 ozi oge akwa. Hospital isi nke Western Front e gbapụ abụọ echelons na abụọ esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile ntụziaka. The ngụkọta ikike ọgwụ isi ruru 42.000 akwa. Ke akpa EBIONITISM na-advantageously gbapụ ubi ụlọ ọgwụ, na, ya nke abụọ EBIONITISM - fọrọ nke nta nanị esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ.

Feat medics na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya bụ ha egosi achọghị ọdịmma onwe ọrụ kwa ụbọchị. Basic ọgwụ ọrụ mgbalị ndị e mere iji hụ na ozugbo o kwere omume ka ahụ gbapụ merụkwara ya ahụ ma na-arịa ọrịa si ebe ya na ha nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke kpọọ onye iro, na-enye ike na enyemaka. A ịrịba ego nke na-eje ije merụọ, na nkezi ogo unan nọgidere na-eje ozi. Ịrịba Ama ọgwụ weere, nke tara ahụhụ site ná mmalite nke counter-akpasu iwe agha nke Kalinin na Western asakde iso ese, ada nnata nke dịkarịa ala 150-200 merụọ kwa ụbọchị, na n'ubọchi nke ufiop ọgụ - ruo 350-400.

pharmacies

Dọkịta na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya (1941-1945) agha bụghị naanị na asakde iso ese. Serious nsogbu, mgbe ụfọdụ nnọọ arọ, nyere lọjistik pharmacies mkpa ọgwụ. Ịrụ ihe aga-eme na ọgwụ a gbagwojuru anya site na eziokwu na otu nnukwu squad nke pharmacists, ndị dọkịta ekpe maka agha. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pharmacists na-arụ ọrụ pharmacies, ama esịn site ọkara 1941-1942.

The zubere ọkọnọ nke ahịa ọgwụ n'agbụ ngwaahịa, ọgwụ kpọrọ akwusila: ọtụtụ ndị na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na ahụ ike na ụlọ ọrụ e bibiri ma ọ kpọpụrụ. Na mmalite nke World War II agha ahịa ọgwụ staffed site pharmacists tumadi iji nchikota ndi mmadu di nke idobere. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere abụọ na-emepụta ọgwụ agụmakwụkwọ na mgbe na-eje ozi na ndị agha. A ịrịba akụkụ nke-arụ ọrụ ego bụ ndị inyom, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nkpirikpi oge nke ọmụmụ na ahịa ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ. A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke posts na pharmacies nọ nnọọ na enyemaka n'ọrụ.

Akpan akpan isi ike nwere agha chiefs nke pharmacies na otu onye na-anọchite anya ndị ọrụ niile ọnọdụ. Ke adianade ha ọrụ ọrụ, bụ ndị pharmacists na n'ụlọ. Sami dere akwụkwọ natara ọgwụ, igba ogwu na ngwọta, ahịa ọgwụ asa efere. Na ndị agha chọrọ maka nkwadebe na ojiji nke ọgwụ mụtara na ọ laa. Onyinye nke dọkịta n'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya bụ mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na na-ebute ụzọ, ma na-na-ere ọgwụ na netwọk.

atụ nke ọrụ

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ bụ ọgaranya n'ezie, ọrụ nke otu onye na-emetụta akara aka nke ọtụtụ puku mmadụ. Brunt na-azọpụta ndụ na ịnọgide na-enwe ike na-arụ ọrụ soja merụrụ shouldered na ọgwụ na dọkịta na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya. Photo-akwanyere ya ùgwù ọkachamara nwere ike hụrụ na ebipụta media, ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ndị Internet. The atụ nke ihe ịrịba ama na-awa na-ahazi Vasiliya Vasilevicha Uspenskogo.

nkà dọkịta mere Kashin district ọgwụ mgbe na-arụ nke ala nna ya Kalinin (ugbu a Tver). N'otu oge ahụ ọ bụ a na-awa nke ọgwụ, ndụmọdụ esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ gbapụ n'obodo Kashin, agbata obi obodo kpọpụrụ na obodo ahụ dị na mpaghara ụlọ ọgwụ. Ọ bụ ya na-ejikwara kpara pilot-dike A. P. Mareseva. N'ụlọ ọgwụ Vasily Kashin haziri a Blood Transfusion Station na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị dibịa.

Na 1943, V. Uspensky laghachi Kalinin, bụ ebe o guzobere a pụrụ iche ọgwụ, site na nke na-agafe ihe karịrị mmadụ 3,000 na ụmụ nye site ụgbọ elu si iro n'azụ. Nke a ụmụaka ụlọ ọgwụ mara ọbụna ná mpụga obodo. Karịsịa, ozi ọma nke mwere ịnụ ọkụ n'obi zara Oriaku Clementine Churchill - nwunye nke British Prime Minister.

Inye anya na-elekọta

N'ọgbọ agha ọnyá na anya unan mere ugboro ugboro. Otu n'ime ihe ndị e merụrụ agha na-emeso na, gua nke ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ukwuu nke ọrịa na shrapnel na bullet ọnyá ná mgbanwe nke n'ogo na-akpa n'ịwa ahụ. Naanị na ụlọ ọgwụ Saratov n'oge agha ahụ, ndị dọkịta pụrụ iche ophthalmic itieutom na clinics nke anya ọrịa aka weghachi ụzọ na 1858 na 479 merụọ ọrịa.

Ịrịba Ama onyinye mmepe nke ụzọ nke ọgwụ n'ọgbọ agha mgbe anya ọjọọ, dị ka nke ọma dị ka na ịgwọ anya unan n'oge ọgwụ stay nwere mkpara nke Department na Clinic nke Ophthalmology, edu Prọfesọ I. A. Belyaevym. Saratov dọkịta n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ budata mma nchoputa na ọgwụgwọ nke mkpali ọrịa nke anya, na-eme kwa ụbọchị nke ophthalmologists ịmụta nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ.

Olee otú iji dozie nsogbu na ụkọ ọgwụ

ọgwụ heroism n'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya na gosi na n'azụ. The mba nwetara nnukwu ụkọ ọgwụ, otú ọrụ bụ ịtụte ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ, n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ bibie ke mmalite nke agha. N'oge mkpirikpi nnyefe nke ọgwụ jisiri iru.

Nke a na-facilitated site:

• N'ịga a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụlọ ọrụ nke chemical-ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ na Central Asia. Nke a mere ka e nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ìgwè nke chemical na ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ, nke adia isi ibu nke na-enye ọgwụ n'aka.
• mba enyere mgbochi onye fasizim Bloc. Cooperation kwere efego a dị ike Mbido maka ntọhapụ streptotsida, Sulfidine na sulfazola, ethyl chloride na soda pharmacopoeia.
• Reorientation nke na-abụghị isi ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ nke ọnọdụ ụkọ dressings so factory akwa ụlọ ọrụ, bụ nke malitere na-emepụta ọgwụ na ahụ ike dị fere fere. Ọzọkwa, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na chemical ụlọ ọrụ malitere napụta ahụ ike na ampoule ọgwụ ọjọọ: adrenaline, caffeine, glucose, morphine, na ndị ọzọ pantopon.
• Nnọchi kọrọ pharmaceuticals ọgwụ osisi. Naanị opupu ihe ubi nke 1942 e anakọtara banyere 50 tọn iri atọ na isii ụdị ọgwụ osisi. Ọkà mmụta sayensị ịmepụtagharịa usoro nke nnọchi nke ọgwụ owu ajị na peat akpaetu, sphagnum akpaetu na fir nwetara imikpu mmanụ kama omenala na cedar ghọrọ ụkọ.

Development nke ọhụrụ ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe

Female dọkịta n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mere ihe pụrụ iche onyinye mmepe nke ọhụrụ ukwuu irè ọgwụ. A ịrịba itunanya bụ nnweta nke otu ìgwè ndị Soviet ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mere Prọfesọ Z. V. Ermolevoy mbụ samples of penicillin. The ìgwè ndị nnyocha mụụrụ Ermoleva amụ ọgwụgwọ mmetụta nke a ọgwụ ọhụrụ "penicillin krustozin VIEM" na ọnyá na-emerụ nsogbu na ubi n'ụlọ ọgwụ, nso n'ọgbọ agha, na ụlọ ọgwụ na azụ.

Central Institute of Epidemiology na Microbiology, nke na-gawa site Prọfesọ Mak Krontovskaya, mụtachara Usoro nke ịba ahụ ọkụ ogwu mmepụta. Ndị mmadụ Commissariat nke USSR ghọtara na ọ dị ka ngwá ọrụ dị irè na-alụ megide ịba ahụ ọkụ nọ na-akpọtụ na oge, na kpebiri itinye ọhụrụ ọbara na a oke ọnụ.

Scientific chọpụtara nke ụwa mkpa bụ mmepe nke onye ọrụ nke Leningrad Institute of Blood Transfusion, Prọfesọ G. L. Bogomolov usoro ifriizi-ihicha nke plasma. O nwere ohere ọ maghị a ìgwè nke merụrụ ahụ ọbara ịmịnye nnukwu doses nke a ọgwụ a na-akpọ "akọrọ plasma" si na-enye onyinye. Na usoro a, na-enye onyinye ọbara na converted n'ime a ntụ ntụ nke na-echekwara maka ogologo oge ma gaa nke ọma.

feat nọọsụ

N'oge WWII mkpa nọọsụ njọ. Na dị na Health Tax aku accelerated ọzụzụ nke nọọsụ. Ruo mgbe 1945 ICRC zụrụ n'elu 500,000 ọgwụ orderlies, 300,000 ndị nọọsụ, ihe karịrị 170 000 dọkịta. Na-achọ ọnwụ na ihu, ha ji obi ike bufee unan si n'ọgbọ agha na inyere ha aka.

Ị nwere ike ikwu banyere ndị dike na-eme, na-achọ na akara aka nke ndị nọọsụ battalion Marines Ekaterina Demina. The nwa akwụkwọ nke ụmụ home, o jere ozi na ọgwụ osisi "Red Moscow", nke buga unan si Stalingrad ka Krasnovodsk. Life na azụ ọ ngwa ngwa ike gwụrụ, Catherine kpebie ịghọ a nurse 369 iche iche battalion nke Marines. Ná mmalite, ndị paratroopers were jụụ girl, ma o merie ndị ya ùgwù. N'ihi na ihe niile oge Catherine zọpụtara ndụ nke ihe karịrị 100 merụrụ, ebibi banyere 50 fascists, na o nwere 3 merụọ. E. I. Deminu kwuru site ọtụtụ enọ.

Na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na Red Cross ọma nagide ngwa mmụta nke ndị nọọsụ na orderlies, na ịchụ onwe onye n'àjà, obiọma na ịhụnanya maka nna nyeere ike ọrụ na-enye unan naghachi ma laghachi n'ihu. N'ihi ya, ime ihe niile kwere omume iji merie.

Afterword

Soviet dọkịta na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na-arụ ọrụ ebube, na-etinye na ụkwụ nke merụọ alụso. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ site n'ụlọ ọgwụ anyị na usoro a na-emegharị karịa 70% kwetara n'ihi na ọgwụgwọ. Dị ka ihe atụ: a German dọkịta ike iji laghachi ndị agha, naanị banyere 40% nke merụrụ ahụ.