Nichrome gburugburu: Njirimara na ngwa

Modern ndụ bụ omume ka ewere enweghị a na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche ngwa. N'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ha Nichrome gburugburu bụ isi akụkụ - na "obi" nke usoro. Iji electronic ngwá, igwe ngwaọrụ, ike ngwaọrụ-eji na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ na nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta, bụ kpọmkwem dabere na waya na mbụ alloy.

nkọwa

Na 1905, American ọkà mmụta sayensị Albert Marsh chepụtara ikpokọta chromium na nickel. The patented usoro dị ka ndị a 20% chromium na 80% nickel. The alloy na aha ya bụ - nichrome. Ná mmalite, e nweghị ligation (refractory ọcha) na ngwakọta na ọ bụ a abụọ-akụrụngwa alloy. Taa, ọ bụ omume na-chọta variants na a nickel ọdịnaya nke 55% na chromium 15%. Adịghị ya bụ ígwè, sịlịkọn, manganese, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum, sịlịkọn. E nwere ihe karịrị iri "Ezi ntụziaka" metal ọdịda n'okpuru designation nke nichrome.

Nichrome gburugburu nwere oké elu resistivity aghọwo ihe dị oké akụrụngwa nke ọtụtụ ngwá ọrụ na ngwá. Ọ bụ ike nke na iguzogide elu okpomọkụ ọxịdashọn na nkịtị na corrosive gburugburu. Nke a alloy nwere a onwunwe n'ihi ọnụnọ nke chromium, nke Nleta n'elu isiokwu a na-echebe oxide film. Ọ na-enye nkọwa ndị alloy na a gbara ọchịchịrị na agba. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-ewepụ (site n'ibu edinam) oxidized oyi akwa, tint mgbanwe a whitish isi awọ.

Y ọnụọgụ abụọ alloy dịghị magnetik Njirimara, multicomponent mgbanwe nwere ike attenuated kwa. Nichrome gburugburu bụ nanị nkume na ezi ductility. Waya na-arụpụtara na a dị iche iche na ngalaba si 0.01 10 mm. Key atụmatụ na-agụnye:

• eletriki resistivity - OM`m 1100-1400;
• agbaze ebe 1400 degrees (arụ ọrụ nso - 800-1100 degrees Celsius);
• njupụta - 8200-8500 n'arọ / m ^3;
• ike - 650-700 MPa.

Ihe Njirimara izute kasị elu nkà na ụzụ chọrọ.

uru

Ogologo na sie ike ina mmiri si Nichrome alloy bụ n'ihi na àgwà ndị dị ebube:

• n'okpuru corrosion;
• ala ibu;
• mfe usoro (mfe zọọ na welded);
• Ọ nwere elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide;
• inogide na mgbanwe n'otu oge;
• ji ụba iguzogide ike ike gburugburu;
• Ọ nwere a ogologo ọrụ ndụ.

Ihe ọzọ dị mkpa uru bụ elu iguzogide eletrik. Na omume, nke a oke na-enye ohere maka ole na ole Nichrome (Nichrome gburugburu mkpumkpu ogologo) na-enweta ihe okpomọkụ karịa site, ihe atụ, na ígwè so. N'aka nke ya, a nta ego nke metal nwere ike ibelata ibu na size nke dum ngwa. Ndị isi uru nke nichrome - a Nchikota niile nke ndị a metrics na otu ihe.

umu

Nichrome gburugburu nwere ike nke dị iche iche mgbanwe nke alloy na-dị iche iche ọkpụrụkpụ. Stampụ ndị dị iche iche na ha mejupụtara na-ekewa (dabere) atọ isi dị iche iche:

• Resistor: H20N80 (20% chromium, 80% nickel); H20N73YUM-VI (20% chromium, 73% nickel, 3% aluminum, 1.5% molybdenum, ruo 0.3% manganese, ruo 0,05% titanium, 2% ígwè, ruo 0,05% carbon , gbazee agụụ itinye n'ọkwa usoro).
• Maka ojiji na okpomọkụ n'elu 900 degrees.
• N'ihi na kpo oku ọcha na ụba iguzogide okpomọkụ: HN70YU-H (27% chromium, 70% nickel, 3% aluminum, ruo 0.3% manganese, ruo 0.03% nke cesium, na 0,1% nke barium na 1, 5% ígwè, ruo 0,1% carbon).

On otosịrị iru nke ya constituent mmiri, Njirimara nke alloy adabere. A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke chromium egbochi ọxịdashọn.

akporo

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị chọọ mgbe nichrome waya ihe onwunwe akọ eletriki ngwaahịa ahịa. Helix a alloy na-eji na ọtụtụ ụdị nke electric heaters. omenkà iji ya n'ụlọ maka:

• ngwa ọkụ osisi;
• arụrụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ọkụ maka firing ceramik;
• ngwa kpo oku ngwaọrụ nke ụfọdụ ọla na smithy;
• amị kpo oku mfe aghụghọ ( "ewu");
• arụrụ n'ụlọ welders.

The ulo oru eji nickel chromium na ezinụlọ ngwa n'ọtụtụ ebe: ntutu dryers, ịgà, heaters, soldering ịgà, electric na na. Waya na a nnukwu cross-ngalaba na-eji maka akpaka ịgbado ọkụ ngwa. Dị otú ahụ alloy nwere ike dị na laabu akụrụngwa na electronic ubi. Nichrome waya na-eji ebe chọrọ iguzogide okpomọkụ na corrosive gburugburu.