Nitric oxide (m, II, III, IV, V): Properties, Nkwadebe, ngwa

iwebata

Ọ bụrụ na anyị ejiri nlezianya anya na nitrogen na oge table nke chemical ọcha D. I. Mendeleeva, anyị pụrụ ịhụ na o nwere a agbanwe valence. Nke a pụtara na nitrogen Nleta ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ abụọ ogige na oxygen. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha na e meghere na nso nso, ụfọdụ na - enyoba ogologo na obosara. E nwere agụghị oké anụ ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ nitrogen oxides. The chemical Njirimara nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a ogige ndị dị nnọọ iche, Otú ọ dị na ha na-amụ ga-ahuta ka ọ dịkarịa ala ise nitrogen oxides. Nke ahụ bụ banyere ha na a ga-atụle taa isiokwu.

Nitric oxide (m)

Formula - N ₂ O. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ nwere ike na-akpọ oksonitridom nitrogen, dinitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide ma ọ bụ na-achị ọchị gas.

Njirimara

N'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ na-anọchi anya colorless gas na-enwe a ísì utọ. Ọ nwere ike igbari mmiri, ethanol, Eta, na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. Ọ bụrụ na gazobrazny oxide monovalent nitrogen ụtọ ka ụlọ okpomọkụ nrụgide nke 40 atmospheres, ọ condenses ka a colorless mmiri mmiri. Nke a nesoleobrazuyuschy oxide erekasịchaala n'oge kpo oku na-egosi onwe ya na mmeghachi omume dị ka a na mbenata gị n'ụlọnga.

n'ikuku

Nke a oxide a kpụrụ mgbe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ akọrọ ammonium nitrate. Ọzọ usoro maka ya nkwadebe - thermal decomposition nke ngwakọta "+ sulfamic nitric acid".

ngwa

Eji dị ka a ụgbọala maka inhalation ná Nkụnwụ Ahụ, nri ụlọ ọrụ maara nke a oxide dị ka ihe mmako E942. Na ọ na-mma na oru e ji mara nke esịtidem combustion engines.

Nitric oxide (II)

Formula - NO. Ọ na-adị n'okpuru aha nke nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen monoxide na nitrosyl buu

Njirimara

N'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ, na o nwere ụdị a colorless gas na bụ agụghị oké soluble n'ime mmiri. O siri ike liquefy, ma na ihe siri ike ma mmiri mmiri na-ekwu, a umi nwere a-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba. Nke a oxide nwere ike oxidized site ikuku oxygen

n'ikuku

Ya mara mma mfe inweta, ọ kwesịrị ka a na-ewe iwe ka 1200-1300 ^{° C} a ngwakọta nke nitrogen na oxygen. Na laabu ọnọdụ, ọ na-kpụrụ ozugbo n'elu ọtụtụ nwere:

• The mmeghachi omume nke ọla kọpa na 30% nitric acid ngwọta.
• The mmeghachi omume nke ferric chloride, sodium nitrite na hydrochloric acid.
• The mmeghachi omume nke nitrous na hydriodic asịd.

ngwa

Nke a bụ otu n'ime bekee site na nke nitric acid.

Nitric oxide (III)

Formula - N ₂ O _3. Ọzọkwa, ọ nwere ike na-akpọ nitrous anhydride na nitrogen sesquioxide.

Njirimara

Na nkịtị ọnọdụ bụ a mmiri mmiri nke nwere a-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba, dị ka ọkọlọtọ - colorless gas. Pure oxide dị naanị na ihe siri ike ala.

n'ikuku

Ọ na-kpụrụ site omume 50% nitric acid na siri ike oxide nke trivalent arsenic (ọ bụ na-ekwe omume dochie starch).

ngwa

Na nke a na ihe onwunwe na laabu kwadebere nitrous acid na ya salts.

Nitric oxide (IV)

Formula - NO _2. Ọzọkwa, ọ nwere ike na-akpọ ma ọ bụ aja aja nitrogen dioxide gas.

Njirimara

Nke ikpeazụ aha kwekọrọ otu n'ime ya Njirimara. Mgbe nke a oxide nwere ụdị nke aja aja ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara-acha gas ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri. Ọ ji a elu reactivity.

n'ikuku

Nke a oxide na-emepụta site omume nitric acid na ọla kọpa, nakwa dị ka n'oge kwes decomposition nke na-edu ndú nitrate.

ngwa

Na ọ na-arụpụta na igirigi ibu sulphuric na nitric acid oxidized mmiri mmiri propellant na weere na-agbawa agbawa.

Nitric oxide (V)

Formula - N ₂ O _5. Ọ nwere ike na-eme n'okpuru aha dinitrogen pentoxide, nitrate ma ọ bụ nitrogen nitroila anhydride.

Njirimara

Ọ nwere ụdị obodo na nnọọ betsvetnyh kristal. Ha nwere ike gbazee na okpomọkụ nke 32,3 ^C.

n'ikuku

Nke a oxide a kpụrụ ọtụtụ Jeremaya mere:

• Akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ nke nitric oxide nke pentavalent site acid.
• Transmittance akọrọ chlorine n'elu silver nitrate.
• The mmeghachi omume nke ozone na nitric oxide tetravalent.

ngwa

N'ihi na nke oké akwusighi ya dị ọcha ụdị adịghị mee ihe.

ọgwụgwụ

Na onwu, e nwere itoolu nke nitrogen oxides, n'elu bụ nanị classic ogige nke a mmewere. The ọzọ anọ - ọ bụ, dị ka ekwuola, ejighị n'aka bekee. Otú ọ dị, ha nile na-n'otu onye feature - elu toxicity. Umu anwuru nke nitrogen oxides na ikuku na-eduga na-arịa ọrịa nke ike bi nso ulo oru chemical osisi ndị mmadụ. Nsi mgbaàmà ọ bụla nke ndị a bekee - egbu egbu akpa ume edema, nsogbu nke Central ụjọ usoro na ọbara ọgbụgba, ihe kpatara nke a - na-adịgide adịgide nke haemoglobin. Ya mere na oxides nke nitrogen ga-edozi ọma, na ọtụtụ ikpe iji ihe nchedo.