Political ọgụgụ Heydar Aliyev: biography, atụmatụ na-eme na-akpali eziokwu

Aliev Geydar Alireza oglu (mụrụ 05/10/23 na Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan - 12.12.03 akpa ke Cleveland, USA) - Azerbaijani statesman, onye afọ 30 kemgbe otu n'ime ndị kasị akpa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mba dị ka a osote onye na onyeisi oche nke Republican KGB, Republican Secretary Communist party na repressive na authoritarian president nke onwe ha Azerbaijan.

Mmanụ na Nagorno-Karabakh

Heydar Aliyev, onye biography na dechara na afọ nke 80 afọ, bụ onyeisi nke Azerbaijan kemgbe 1969 (na a obere ezumike) ruo October 2003 na e gbanwee site a na otu onye ndú Brezhnev oge na enyi na enyi na Western statesmen. N'oge ọchịchị ya, a na-echeta abụọ ihe: na ire Caspian mmanụ (na "Nkwekọrịta nke Century mkpọrọ) na megidere Armenia n'elu ụka n'ókèala Nagorno-Karabakh - ihe fọdụrụ n'ime Azerbaijan na a ọtụtụ Armenian bi.

Dị ka onyeisi oche nke nọọrọ onwe ha ala Aliyev akọ onyinyo nke a na-eme mgbanwe. Ọtụtụ, Otú ọ dị, ga-echeta ya dị ka onye na-ada mba anaghị asọpụrụ ndị ruuru mmadụ, ebe nile ure malitere yi ukara.

Heydar Aliyev: biography

Mba - Azerbaijani. Nwa a ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọrụ Aliyev A mụrụ Nakhichevan, na Azerbaijani exclave na Armenia. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ngalaba nke Baku State University na mgbe ahụ Industrial Institute. Na oge n'etiti 1941 na 1944. Aliyev nweela na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị adịgide na post of a agadi functionary nke Communist Party n'obodo ya. Early ya ọrụ, ọ alagbụrụkwaara Ịchụpụ si ya mgbe boro nke n'ụzọ mmekọahụ site a oke nke nanị otu votu.

Aha ya na ọnọdụ Aliyev akwụ ndị KGB, na-ebili site n'ohu nke Azerbaijan State Security Service maka iri afọ abụọ tupu ọ ghọọ osote onye isi nke nzukọ na 1964 ma duru ya afọ atọ mgbe e mesịrị.

Na 1969, Heydar Aliyev họpụtara mbụ odeakwụkwọ nke Communist Party nke Azerbaijan. Biography nke onye ndú nke Republic na 1982, mma na ihe omume nke ya n'omume dị ka a zuru so na Politburo nke CPSU Central Kọmitii. Aliyev bụ nnọọ akpachara anya na-emeso ndị ya nchebe ma ghọọ otu n'ime ya, ezigbo allies. Iji Brezhnev obia na Baku na 1982, ka ihe atụ, o wuru a n'obí maka ojiji nkeonwe nke Secretary-General. The Soviet ndú e abụọ, ehihie na abalị, mgbe nke ulo-e mechiri.

ihere

The nhọpụta nke Mikhail Gorbachev ka Soviet ndú na 1985 akara a nkọ mgbanwe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị akara aka nke Aliyev. Lelia ke peeji nke e biri ebi ngwa nke Central Committee nke CPSU, "Pravda" maka mmebi n'oge nhazigharị, ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị mbụ ahụ metụtara - ochie nche. Na 1987, Gorbachev Anapụrụ oche ya na Politburo, ma na-amanye arụkwaghịm si ya post dị ka isi nke Communist Party nke Azerbaijan. O yiri ka ọrụ ya dị n'elu. Obere oge tupu nwunye ya nwụrụ Geydara Alieva.

Biography iwu ọzọ ejikọrọ na Nakhichevan - ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ, ya nwaafo obodo, na Heydar nwa oge gbaghachi azụ. Na 1990, ya na e ji mara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị acumen Aliyev arụkwaghịm na Communist Party, e weere na mkpesa ihe nke Black January, mgbe Soviet tankị lakpuru Baku na ọtụtụ ndị nkịtị e gburu.

onwe

Laghachi iwu e accelerated nke otutu imikpu Azerbaijan na steeti nke esịtidem ọgba aghara ebe ọ bụ na onwe ya na 1991 na odida iji nweta a ngwa ngwa mmeri Nagorno-Karabakh. Na 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, ndú nke Popular Front, onye mere ka okpukpe maka nnwere onwe, ghọrọ ndị mbụ democratically hoputara president, ma ọ bụ a na-adịghị ike onye ndú.

The iji ike ga-weghachiri eweghachi, na Heydar Aliyev a kpọrọ akwado gọọmenti dị na Baku. Biography iwu mere a nkọ n'aka azụ. Mgbe na June 1993 Elchibey ama efehe isi obodo, mgbe nwara kuu, Aliev ghọrọ eme president. O wee na-obibi na kuu iji gbochie a agha obodo, e enen dị ka isi nke mba site a referendum ẹkenịmde ke October nke otu afọ.

Isi nke ala

Ọ na-eto n'ime a ọbara na-adọ n'okpuru Aliyev Karabakh agha. Mgbe ọ bịara ike, ndị Armenia na ike na ọnọdụ ha na-arụ n'ókèala Azerbaijan, ma ndị agha omume na-adịghị rụrụ. Na December 1993, Aliyev ọzọ malitere imezu na-ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agha na ime, nke were ọnwa 18. Ọ bụ n'oge a furu efu ọtụtụ ndị 30,000 mmadụ ndị agha. N'ihi nke ndị agha 750,000 Azerbaijanis a manyere ịhapụ ụlọ ha.

Aliyev bụ obi ọjọọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na-emegide. Ọ ike ike ya, ịtụkwasị na isi ọnọdụ nke ndị enyi ya si Nakhichevan. N'agbanyeghị na-eto eto discontent na ọchịchị ya mîkayarakede chọta a na-adịgide adịgide ngwọta ndị Nagorno Karabakh nsogbu ma ọ bụ ịnagide socio-aku esi nke na-agha, n'agbanyeghị mgbe nile ire ure nke ọchịchị, Aliyev ka anọgide ike iji kewaa onwe ya si n'ihu ọha afọ ojuju. Na October 1998, iwu e re-hoputara na 76% nke votu, mgbe mmegide dị iche iche na mba na-ekiri ihe na-ajụ ndị legitimacy nke N'ihi.

geopolitics

Aliev bụ a opi kaadị n'ụdị mmanụ akụ nke Caspian Sea, dị ka nke ọma dị ka o nwere ike na-ịnyagharịa na a nnọọ mgbagwoju anya geopolitical maze Caucasus, gbara akaebe banyere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya acumen. Relations na United States na Western Europe e ji mara ndị bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke 1997 nkwekọrịta na International Oil Consortium, nke nyere n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị a na nnukwu òkè Caspian Sea. Irubere mba ọzọ mmanụ Refeyim, ọtụtụ Ichi na "British Petroleum", Aliyev ghọkwara otu n'ime ụgbọala ndị agha na mmepe nke pipeline Baku-Ceyhan pipeline, nke Aims ibufe Caspian mmanụ na West via Georgia na Turkey.

Nke a pipeline oru ngo nke ike ugbua esemokwu na Moscow, ma isi nke Azerbaijan ezere a zuru ezumike. Ties n'etiti mba abụọ ndị a ala ozo n'oge etieibuot Borisa Eltsina, ma mgbe ike na Russia abịa a gụsịrị akwụkwọ na KGB, Vladimir Putin, Heydar Aliyev, onye biography na-ejikọta ya na nke a na nzukọ ike igosi a mmekọrịta. The ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-elekwasị anya na-eke nkekọ siri ike na Turkey. Relations na Iran, nke bụ ebe obibi banyere 14 nde. Agbụrụ Azerbaijanis n'ihu ọha akwado Armenia, n'oge ọchịchị ya, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abịa ka ọ la n'iyì.

usoro ndị eze

Aliev emeghị isonye na ntuli aka na October 2003, na-ezo aka na-arịa ọrịa. Ọ bụ nke mbụ dynastic inwe n'ebe bụbu Soviet Union, mgbe president nwa ya Ilham. OSCE kwuru na votu ke izute mba ụkpụrụ, sochiri riots.

Mgbe Aliyev na kwuru na steeti ahụ ike ha, ọ dịghị ihe na-egosi a na-arịa ọrịa nke ya ikike iche echiche. Ọ nọgidere na njedebe a nkọ ma mmụta ọgụgụ.

12.12.03 nwụrụ ndú nke Azerbaijani ndị mmadụ Aliev Geydar Alievich. Biography iwu ama etre na Cleveland Clinic na US. Heydar lie ya uzo warawara Otuto na Baku.

Heydar Aliyev: biography, ezinụlọ

Na 1948, ọdịnihu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nwunye Zarifa Aziz. October 12, 1955 ha nwere a nwa Sevil, na December 24, 1961 nwa Ilham. Children ọbọhọ nna ha. Nwunye ya, a ma ama ophthalmologist, prọfesọ, academician nke Academy nke Sciences nke Azerbaijan, nwụrụ nke cancer na 1985.

The pro-Western akaike

The eziokwu na ochie KGB ojii ghọrọ nnọọ pro-British na-melite, ọ bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi oké mkpa ọrụ na-enweta na Azerbaijan ụlọ ọrụ "British Petroleum". Atụmanya nke mbịne nnukwu mee nke mmanụ na gas na mba nke ya mmepe ego n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dabere na pipeline site Georgia na Turkey, megide nke Russia atụghị ịnụ ọkụ n'obi.

Otu narị afọ gara aga, Baku bụ mmanụ isi obodo nke ụwa, na ụfọdụ ndị furu efu ebube weghachiri taa. Oghere nke ọhụrụ na ibu mee kwere Aliyev iji nweta, ọ dịkarịa ala ka isi obodo, a ụfọdụ ruo n'ókè nke ọganihu, sochiri uko containment nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dissent. Na nwa ya nwoke na-akwado nke a ọkụ nke akụ na ụba na-enwe ọganihu.

Ịtụle ihe pụrụ iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ochie Soviet ụlọ akwụkwọ Aliev Geydar Alireza, ya biography, nwere ya dịkarịa ala, ọkara nke ihe ọ maara, ọ ga-mere a ịrịba onyinye nghọta anyị nke oge ahụ, bụ nke yiri n'ebe dị anya.

ukpono

Aliyev e ọdịda a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enọ na Ọla, mba kwuo, hoputara kwesịrị nsọpụrụ dọkịta nke agụmakwụkwọ ka elu oru na ọtụtụ mba.

Ọ bụ ugboro ise na-asọpụrụ na Order of Lenin, na Order nke Red Star natara, ọtụtụ nrite ọla, na Ọla nke mba ọzọ. Ọ na ugboro abụọ ọdịda aha dike nke Socialist Labor.

Na 1997, Aliyev e ọdịda nke kasị elu Ukrainian Order Yaroslava Mudrogo na 1999 ọ natara Turkish Ataturk Peace Nrite na aha nke Asọpụrụ Prọfesọ nke Moscow State University.

Na 2003, Aliyev a họpụtara prọfesọ na zuru so na Academy nke Security, Defense na iwu norms nke Russian Federation okwu. Ọ e ọdịda nke Order of Andropov na Andreya Pervozvannogo.

N'afọ 2004, e kere Geydara Alieva Foundation. Biography statesman, kwadebere site Institute of History nke Academy nke Sciences nke Azerbaijan, e bipụtara na 2013.