Potassium thiocyanate - a na-egbu egbu umi-eji na gbasara nyocha onwu

Potassium thiocyanate (na oge a IUPAC nomenclature - potassium thiocyanate) - kristal enweghị agba na isi; na finely kewara inweta ọcha. The umi nwere a ilu uto pungent, bụ egbu egbu. Potassium thiocyanate bụ ukwuu soluble na ọtụtụ solvents, dị ka mmiri, ethanol, na amyl mmanya.

n'ikuku

The compound a kwadebere naanị site chemical n'aka, gosiri ọdịiche ya site eke na isi mmalite (ọbara na asu nke ndị mmadụ) - bụ nnọọ oké ọnụ. Iji synthesize na potassium thiocyanate, dị mkpa ka mix ngwọta nke ammonium thiocyanate na potassium hydroxide (nkịtị aha - potassium hydroxide).

Nnwale e rụrụ n'okpuru a enyeghachi ya okpukpu anọ, n'ihi na amonia nwere ike ime ka chemical Burns na nsi; mgbe filtration nke ọcha ngwọta e Takọọ na ndi fọduru inye kristal nke chọrọ umi. Mgbe mmepụta ngwaahịa iri asaa percent na zuru ezu ammonium thiocyanate ọcha sample, usoro a bụ nnọọ irè.

Ụzọ ọzọ bụ sọlfọ alloyed na potassium cyanide, ma ndị dị otú a usoro maka nkwadebe nke potassium thiocyanate bụ nnọọ ize ndụ n'ihi na elu toxicity nke cyanide.

ngwa

Na ọdabara potassium thiocyanate, nkwekọrịta-ya nile, na ihe ngwọta na-dị iche iche kasịnụ nke a ole na ole ndi. Dị ka ihe atụ:

• Textile ụlọ ọrụ.
• Photographic film.
• Organic njikọ.
• Gbasara nyocha onwu.

Areas ojiji

1. Na akwa ụlọ ọrụ. potassium thiocyanate ngwọta na-eji maka etching anụ ahụ, e.g. - silk, n'oge na ngwa ma na-ejizi iji chebe mbụ Njirimara nke ihe onwunwe.
2. Na organic njikọ. Site potassium thiocyanate synthesized ụfọdụ organic bekee, dị ka thiourea, a sịntetik mustard mmanụ dị iche iche e ji esiji ákwà. Ọzọkwa nwetara na enyemaka nke ndị ọzọ thiocyanates, e.g. - ọla kọpa thiocyanate-2.
3. Na gbasara nyocha onwu, potassium thiocyanate ngwọta na-eji maka na mkpebi siri ike nke cations nke trivalent ígwè na ihe onwunwe. Ihe atụ atụ bụ mmeghachi omume, nke na-agụnye potassium thiocyanate na ferric chloride-3, na-akpọ "ọbara nke mmiri", na nke a purplish-acha ọbara ọbara potassium hexacyanoferrate 3; nkịtị aha - ọbara uhie nnu. Thiocyanates-eji maka nkewa nke obere ọla ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka thorium na lanthanum. Thiocyanate, potassium chloride na jelii n'oge na-adịbeghị enyere na mmepụta nke wuru ọbara kinosomok, ma nke a na usoro na-aga n'akuku uzọ ruru ka iwebata na film mmepụta nke kọmputa ndịna.
4. Na ugbo, si ngwọta nwetara Thiocyanates ike ụmụ ahụhụ. E nwere ihe abụọ na o kwere omume Jeremaya mere:

• First - anata gas thiocyano site ihichapụ potassium nnu; Rodan bụ nnọọ ize ndụ gas niile ndụ ntule na-adịkarịghị eji.
• Nke abụọ - dissolving potassium thiocyanate, iwu wepụtara n'oge hydrolysis tsianovodorodnoy acid na ọxịdashọn nke dapụtara umi cyanogen. Cyan - ọ na-erughị na-egbu egbu, ma ihe arọ gas tụnyere Rodan, na ya mere mgbe a na-eji dị ka ihe ụmụ ahụhụ.

Potassium thiocyanate bụ a na-egbu egbu umi ndị kpara dose bụ banyere 0,9 grams nke umi kwa kilogram nke ahu aro na onu nkwadebe nke compound.

nnweta

potassium thiocyanate nwere ike zụta ọ bụla ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ, ma obere obere n'ihi kama elu toxicity. The nkezi price nke a reagent - anọ rubles kwa kilogram, ahịa ukwuu n'ime naanị abụọ pound kwa onye.

nche

Ruru ya toxicity, potassium thiocyanate ga-echekwara ke pụrụ iche na ọnọdụ dị ka nchekwa ụkpụrụ nke na-ejizi nsi:

1. Kristal na ngwọta nke potassium thiocyanate nditịm ajuru aju ingested na ukwuu ekwesighi ingress nke ngwọta na a elu ịta nke bụ isi ihe dị na akpụkpọ.
2. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ndị ọgwụ ọjọọ bụ na-egbu egbu na mgbe n'itinye n'ime ọrụ na umi bụ na-achọsi ike na roba uwe lab uwe, na, dị ka na ihe niile ọgwụ na isi nchekwa chọrọ.
3. Ọ dị mkpa ịdị na-anọrọ ihe site n'aka ụmụaka na mmadụ na-adịghị enwe ihe ọmụma nke ẹkesikpede dị ka ọ pụrụ ime ka wetara mere na ọnwụ nke reagents, n'ụzọ, na ọnwụ mberede.
4. Ebe ọ bụ na nonflammable umi na-zuru ezu n'ụlọ anụ na ikuku, ọ bụ omume na-jikwaa nchekwa umi na ọchịchịrị. akọrọ kaboodu. Zere elu iru mmiri na kpọmkwem ìhè anyanwụ, dị ka nwere ike ime eme n'ihi na arịa ọrịa nke reagent decomposition nke ya akụrụngwa akụkụ. Ọzọkwa ọkọlọtọ NFPA 704 orthorhombic labeling nwere ndị na-esonụ akara: 3 0 0 W, nke 3 (a-acha anụnụ anụnụ lozenge) - toxicity, 0 (maka uhie odo) - flammability na reactivity, na W - akara maka mmekọrịta mmiri, nke a tọhapụrụ egbu egbu thiocyanic acid.

Ma na-echeta, chemical nwere - ọ bụ ihe ịtụnanya na ihe pụrụ iche, ma ọ dịghị mgbe na-eleghara anya nchebe anya!