St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt: ihe mere eme, foto

Anyị na-enye gị matakwuo na otu n'ime ndị kasị ama Russian ụka na-akpali nnọọ mmasị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt - a emezughị nrọ nke Peter I. Nke a eze hụrụ Russian isi obodo "dị ka Amsterdam." Ya center dị na Vasilyevsky Island.

Echiche nke Peter Ukwu

Site 1716 na 1718 na okwu nke obodo mmepe A kọwawo ebe, ebe ọ bụ na-na St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt. Ya kwesŽrŽ kwem n'ihu iri na abụọ kọleji. The ndụ n'ọdịnihu nke a kansul otú hụrụ dị ka etiti nke ịgbanwe oge Peter, nke na-apụta ikwe okpukpe dịrị. Ya mere, St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt a chọrọ dịrị n'otu bụghị naanị bi n'ala-ayi: Ọtọdọks, ndị Katọlik, ndị òtù Luther, - kamakwa ndị mba ọzọ n'ime otu eme enweghị ala, ndị Kraịst na obodo. Ndị na-ewu ya na ego ike egosiwo ịdị n'otu nke Christian Europe na Russian ala.

Otú ọ dị, mgbalị ndị ndị ọchịchị na-ama dina Katidral nke Peter m bụ n'efu. Tupu mbụ nkume edebere na ntọala ya, ọ were orú arọ na iri.

Vasilevsky Island ruo mgbe 1719

On Vasilevsky Island ruo mgbe 1719 adị fọrọ nke nta dịghị ụlọ, ma e wezụga n'ihi ime-ulo nke Menshikov na a osisi ụka na ha, nakwa dị ka a French mmezi, nke e biri ndị ọrụ nkà ndị mba ọzọ. Mgbe 1719 malitere wuru nke osisi na nkume ụlọ nke plan mma site Peter I.

Malite nke owuwu nke agwaetiti

Construction nke ụlọ, kara aka maka ihe ndị kasị mkpa ukara ebe (mbadamba), malitere na 1722. Ebe a, na square n'ihu ha, na Emperor kpebisiri ebe maka ọdịnihu nke chọọchị.

Catherine m, nwunye Pita, keta oche-eze mgbe ọnwụ ya, ebumnobi nke onye ahụ nwụrụ anwụ ma ọ bụ nwunye na-kpamkpam iche. On Vasilyevsky Island site na mgbe nkanka ga-eme n'ọdịnihu-emeghe ụzọ na n'okporo ámá ama na e kwuru na ọ bụ. Nyere mkpa maka owuwu nke chọọchị n'ihi na ndi bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ, ọ nakweere mkpebi ịgbanwe ebe ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-ewu. Ọ na-e nyere na nkuku nke 6 edoghi na Bolshoy -Atụmanya, nke ga-abụ a nkume chọọchị na oge. Ma mbụ, anyị malitere na-ewu nke a osisi, nwa oge.

Na chọọchị mbụ

Bookmark ụlọ na 1728 e dechara. Construction e dechara na 1731. Ọ bụ a onye-storey umeala ụka, onye windo anya si na Grand Avenue. Oru na-ede akwụkwọ bụ amaghi, ma otu nwere ike iche na ọ bụ George. Trezzini.

Na 1732, 8 October, Feofan Prokopovich doworo nsọ a ọhụrụ ụka n'aha Andreya Pervozvannogo. Ndị ụkọchukwu na-otoro atọ nchu-àjà. Bi Vasilyevsky Island na November 1733 na e ekewet iwu nke Ime Mmụọ Board of St. Andrew si Church. Ọ gara ọtụtụ ama ihu nke St. Petersburg, ọ ọbụna onwem na a eze ebe. Mgbe ukwu efe ofufe adịghị, ẹkenịmde July 30, 1745, ọ wee ṅụọ iyi Trediakovskii Lomonosov. Nke a na chọọchị bụ n'okpuru patronage nke eze ukwu ahụ ezinụlọ. Anna Ivanovna hụrụ ya n'anya nleta. Ọ nyere ego arịa vestments. A obere na-eli ozu bụ na-esote na chọọchị. Ebe a, dị ka omenala, e liri BF Dolgoruky, Senator, otu n'ime ndị ibe nke Peter.

Construction nke a ọhụrụ nkume ụka

Parish na 1740 chigharịkwuuru Anne Ioannovne ma rịọ ya ka na-ewu a na chọọchị na-esote na nkume. obodo wughachi Commission April 5, 1740 ikike ndị na-ewu a ọhụrụ nkume ụlọ, ugbu a na-ewe iwe (ochie ezigbo oyi). Ugbua na n'otu afọ, na April 21 ọkọnọ a plan. Na-ede nke a na oru ngo a na-amaghị, ma na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ O. P. Trezini May 29 asian Ime Mmụọ osisi na ụlọ ga-n'okpuru ya akara.

The Holy Synod nke June 2, 1740 na ikike ndị na-ewu, na-asị na mkpebi na aha ga-abụ mgbe ewu. On na-ewu nke chọọchị mgbe ụfọdụ oge e nyere anyị a dịgasị iche iche nke ihe, mbọ na wayo, nke nọgidere na mgbe mmezi nke ụlọ na St. Petersburg, ebe o biri ndụ na-Persian nnochite anya na ya entourage.

Na 1760, na 17 October, ndị e wuru ọhụrụ nkume chọọchị na stovu kpo oku a na-nsọ na aha nke Three Hierarchs. St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt emi odude ọzọ ụzọ na ụlọ, na a ngere n'akụkụ aka nri nke ya. The ọhụrụ ụka bụ a nkume abụọ-akụkọ Ọdịdị, akụkụ anọ na atụmatụ, na n'okpuru ala slab. The drum bụ a obere, octagonal, ala na-mere nke nkume arches nke Crusades. E si n'ụlọ ụka nke Menshikov iconostasis n'ọnọdu-ya guzo ruo mgbe 1827, mgbe nke ya dochie a ọhụrụ onye na-e nyere n'ụlọ ụka Titova, Majọ-Jeneral. Na ogbako FA Verkhovtseva mara ere goodu, e arụpụtara ke 1861 poods ọlaọcha vestments, bu n'obi maka elu ebe ịchụàjà. Calvary image na atọ obe na-mma na ya.

10 hey na-etinye na abụọ EBIONITISM mgbịrịgba elu nke ọhụrụ katidral. Ha na-ama maka ha mara mma gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'obi. Polyeleos na Mbilite n'Ọnwụ - kasị ukwuu n'ime ha. The Cathedral bụkwa ama n'ihi na ya pịrị osisi iconostasis na Baroque style. N'ụzọ dị mwute, artist onye dere na akara ngosi nke Onye-nzọputa (Grigoriya Bogoslova, Vasiliya Velikogo na Ioanna Zlatousta), na-anọgide na-amaghị ama.

Emume ibikwasị nke nkume ụka nke St. Andrew

Oké ọdachi ndị mere na 1763, 4 July. Osisi St. Andrew si Church na àmụmà mụnyere. Na o juru chebe megide ọkụ. Nzukọ ndị isi chọọchị e kwere ka iru 6 October kama nsure ọkụ osisi ụlọ nkume Kronstadt St. Andrew Katidral. The zuru ezu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị na-ewu ụlọ a na a mgbịrịgba elu na ise isi, dị mwute ikwu, amaghị. Na 1764, July 18, e emume ibikwasị nke katidral (n'okpuru-enye a na foto nke ya).

St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt taa anya otú ahụ. A. I. Petrov, St. Petersburg ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere, na-ekwu n'akwụkwọ ya bụ "History of St. Petersburg" Alexei Ivanov bụ na-ede akwụkwọ nke oru ngo. Otú ọ dị, nke a ka e enen. Emezighituri ghọtara ihe mere eme reconstructions na-ewu nke Katidral, ma, a maara na na 1766, na August 8, n'ime chọọchị n'oge ọrụ osụhọ dome. Architect AF Wist, edemede nke oru ngo, e jidere. Ọ tụgharịrị na ida mere dịghị ndudue nke na-ede akwụkwọ, na ndị ogbenye mma nke ihe nke katidral e dechara. The ego na Ecclesiastical Literature, kpọmkwem ụbọchị nke ya ẹkụre na-akọwapụtaghị, ma na ụlọ na 1950 arụnyere a nkume ihe ncheta, dị ka nke, ọ e wuru na afọ 1764-1780 (-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ - Wiest).

iju mmiri

Mgbe iju mmiri ahụ mere na 1824, na ọgba Cathedral we juputa na miri. The ụkọchukwu nyere ya iwu na-ehi ụra iji zere idei mmiri na-eme n'ọdịnihu na-emechi mbụ n'ọnụ ụzọ uko ya ntị chiri.

nkume ebe ịchụàjà

March 10, 1848, e kpebiri itinye na abụọ nke katidral nkume ebe ịchụàjà. Pụtara ha na-anakọtara site na parishioners. Project Architect - H. mbo. Uka nke nri bụ n'aha nke mwere Anyị Lady, na n'aka ekpe - na aha H. Myra. Ha na-tọgbọrọ 1848, na July 31 na nsọ n'ime afọ abụọ na 15 October. Na nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ ọ dị, dị ka e gosiri na foto, St. Andrew Katidral (Kronstadt).

The Church na-aghọ ukwuu

Na-efu nke ahịa parish Ai Timenkova na V. A. Frolova ke 1850, isi ise nke katidral na mgbịrịgba elu bu gilded na kpuchie ọhụrụ ngwaike. N'ime ime mma gbanwere na 1858. Ọ na-ama ahụ re-gburu sere nke arches na mgbidi, redid na iconostasis, gilded ịchọ mma na arches na vaults. Atọ-tiered iconostasis mere, pịrị, gilded. Iri na anọ na oyiyi nke abụọ na nke atọ tiers na-ese ndị artist Shishkin. Iconographer Poshekhonov dere ke akpa EBIONITISM.

Ọnụ na kansul maka bi ilu e wuru n'ogige nke a nkume ụlọ. Ọ bụ ruo 1826 a obere, okpukpu abụọ. On chọọchị ego na 1826 na-ewu na ya atọ n'ala.

A ọkụ 1897

N'afọ 1897, July 24, na iri elekere n'abalị, n'àgwàetiti yiri na-egbukepụ egbukepụ ike. The eziokwu na ìhè nwuo St. Andrew Katidral (Kronstadt). N'ụlọ nsọ bugara ìgwè mmadụ ahụ, e nwere a dị iche iche n'akụkụ batara ọku brigades. Ọ na-gilding nke domes n'oge ọzọ mebiri emebi. Ke n'elu akụkụ maka onye na-amaghị ihe mere jidere ọkụ set gburugburu dome nke katidral na a osisi osisi. Site ná mgbalị nke Nwere Obi Ike firefighters na ha bibie, ma akụkụ nke ụlọ n'otu oge ahụhụ.

Akara aka nke Katidral nke St. Andrew na Soviet afọ

Na 1918, na January 23 a na-akpọsa iwu SNK, dị ka nke chọọchị iche si kwuo. Ọ na-e kwuru na ọ dịghị okpukpe na chọọchị ndụ nwere ike nwere ihe onwunwe. All onwunwe ha e kwuru na mba onwunwe. The Church furu efu ya mmetụta na obi na uche nke na-eto eto, na-rụrụ ọtụtụ narị afọ, ebe ọ bụ na, dị ka nke a nye iwu na akwụkwọ e kewapụrụ n'ebe ndị chọọchị.

Mgbe ọtụtụ ebe nke obodo (na nke ka nke - na Volga mpaghara) E erikpuo na oké ọkọchị nke meworo ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na brink nke agụụ, na Soviet Government February 23, 1922 nyere iwu. All ụka oke ọnụ na--napụrụ ụlọ nsọ na-eji site na steeti ịzụta ọka ná mba ọzọ.

All ụkpụrụ Andrew Katidral na-bukọọrọ na March 1922. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ n'ime ndị nchụàjà, bụ onye megidere ya, e jidere na ikpe.

The kasị ike òtù na n'oge 1938 e jidere site NKVD, na mgbe ahụ gaa Levashovsky n'efu. N'ebe ahụ, ha gbara. Kronstadt St. Andrew Katidral, a foto nke na-dị na nke a akwụkwọ, e mechiri May 16, 1938. Parish jisiri ịbanye elu iconostasis plywood na mbadamba. N'ihi nke a na-adị ndụ n'oge a nke a relic, nke bụ ezi mpako nke Kronstadt. St. Andrew Katidral, nke e echekwara bụ now a ngosi nka collection, enyefe ruo ọtụtụ afọ site Institute of Anthropology na Ethnography. A atọ-storey ụlọ, nke ruo mgbe 1974 bi site ụmụ ndị nchụàjà, e birighachi.

ụka comeback

Church nke Three Hierarchs laghachiri July 15, 1991. E zigara ya obodo nke St. Andrew Katidral ke ebighebi. NYEGHACHI malitere ọrụ na 1994, na taa St. Andrew Katidral (Kronstadt) weghachiri eweghachi. Ha e mere obe na belfry na dome, dochie roofing, nakwa dị ka mgbidi e mere. Metal uwe na-zụrụ ebe ịchụàjà na ocheeze, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ oyiyi na ụka efere.

Location na oge nke ọrụ

Taa chọọchị na-arụ ọrụ. Onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịga na St. Andrew Katidral ke Kronstadt. Okwu: Vasilevsky Island, ndị 6 akara, 11. mmepe awa: kwa ụbọchị site na 9 am na 7 pm. On ọ bụla e nyere ụbọchị, i nwere ike na-abịa ọrụ dị na St Andrew Katidral (Kronstadt). Ịtọ oge nke ọrụ dị ka ndị a: efe ofufe adịghị ẹkenịmde ke 10 am, nkwupụta - 9:30, mgbede ọrụ ẹkenịmde na 17 elekere.