Su-35 Njirimara. The Su-35: nkọwa, fighter foto. Comparative ji mara Su-35 na F-22

Na 2003, ndị Sukhoi Design Bureau ka ulo oru nke abụọ ogbo nke modernization nke Su-27 fighter ugbo elu kee Su-35. Ihe e ji mara enweta na usoro nke na modernization, na-ahapụ na-akpọ ya 4 ++ ọgbọ fighter, nke pụtara na kacha mkpachi ike na ugbo elu nke ise ọgbọ eshgham FA.

Background imewe

Ná mmalite n'afo 1980, mgbe Su-27 ka naanị mụtara site Soviet Air Force, ya n'ozuzu mmebe Pavel Sukhoi ka zubere ịzụlite a modernized version. Na mbụ họpụtara dị ka ndị Su-27M, e onwem na ukwuu mma avionics, nke nyere ihe mere tụlee ya ihe kasị mma fighter n'oge. Ọ na-onwem na a dịgasị iche iche nke ngwá agha na ihe mgbagwoju, nke kwere ka Su-27M (cm. Na foto dị n'okpuru) ịrụ aga-eme na-emeri ala zaa.

A modernized version ji a plurality nke mgbanwe aerodynamics, avionics, ewu nke ike osisi, na nwekwara ụba ike. High-ike mejupụtara ihe na aluminum-lithium alloys e ji belata ibu na-amụba mmanụ ụgbọala idobere.

The Su-27M e onwem na a ugboelu engine na a nzube nke 125 kN, ndị ọzọ dị ike karịa Su-27. Ihe omume nke modernization nke Su-27 e wepụtara 'Su-35BM ", ebe akwụkwọ ozi pụtara" nnukwu upgrade ". Ọtụtụ mere na oge na-agụnye oge a na ugbo elu na Su-35, e ji mara nke budata gafere ya mbụ prototype Su-27M.

n'ihu modernization

oru ngo maka fighter mmepụta na oru na 2003 na imeri ọdịiche n'etiti modernized version nke Su-27M na Su-30MK ọgụ ụgbọala na-ise-emana eshgham FA. Ebumnuche nke oru ngo bụ nke abụọ modernization nke airframe nke Su-27 (ya mere ya nkwado dị ka a 4 ++ ọgbọ fighter), nke mere na e ji mara nke Su-35 kwekọrọ na larịị emejuputa na eshgham FA. Ke adianade do, ugbo elu e kwesịrị ịbụ onye ọzọ na ndị ezinụlọ Su-30 na-ebupụ.

Mmepe nke ugbo elu n'ihu wee rue 2007, mgbe ọ ghọrọ dị maka ire. Dịtụ mgbe e mesịrị, ndị Sukhoi Design Bureau e asian na omume bụ ihe e kere eke nke Su-35 na oru ruru ka nchegbu na eshgham FA oru ngo nwere ike na-eche ihu a ụkọ ego.

Emelite kwụ ọdụ

Njirimara nke Su-35 na okwu nke ya airframe agụnye ọtụtụ iche si Su-27M, ọ bụ ezie na elu ọnụ ụgbọelu retains a siri ike yiri ya ụzọ.

Otu n'ime iche atụmatụ nke airframe Su-27M nwere aerodynamic ewu atụmatụ nachi ụdị "ọbọgwụ", nke na-enye ohere ugbo elu ofufe na kacha n'akuku nke agha ka 120 Celsius. Atụmatụ a kehoraizin ọdụ ụgbọelu - stabilizers igwe mbuli - na-emi odude ke iso nku ya.

Otú ọ dị, na ndokwa a, kwụ ọdụ ụgbọelu gosipụtara site elu nke Rada mgbaàmà na-enwetara ibu karịa na ot atụmatụ n'azụ nku. Nke a mmemmem nchọpụta nke ugbo elu. Ya mere, oge a radars maka unobtrusive ụgbọ elu (F-22 Raptor, eshgham FA na Su-35) nwere omenala ndokwa nke kwụ ọdụ - n'azụ nku. Iji chebe uru nke eji canards, ha, tinyere isi feathers nke nku ka n'azụ, na-esikwa na ngalaba sag n'elu nku.

Olee ihe ọhụrụ e mere site na mgbanwe ndị a na ọdịdị nke Su-35? Njirimara (foto n'okpuru na-egosi iche nke ọdịdị ya si Su-27M) gosipụtara fighter ugbo elu dị ka nso nke 5th na ọgbọ, ma e wezụga n'ihi ma ukwuu ya Rada mbinye aka na ọ dịghị ifịk airborne Rada.

Ọzọ airframe ndozi

E ji mara Su-35 na okwu nke ya braking usoro si dị iche ná Su-27M airbrake enweghị (panel). Su-35 mgbochi usoro mejupụtara ke eziokwu na ya amara na-ewekarị na n'azụ akụkụ nke abụọ vetikal ntù mgbe ebi ebi mehieworonụ dị iche iche ntụziaka, na-emepụta a retarding ike. Ọzọ aerodynamic ndozi-agụnye mbenata elu nke vetikal stabilizer, a nta protrusion kanopi na ya conductive mkpuchi na-ntekwasa na mkpu site irradiating ụgbọelu Rada.

Iwusi airframe anwụ ngwa ngwa-enweta site na ọtụtụ ojiji nke titanium alloys, nke ụba ya ndụ banyere afọ 30 nke na-arụ ọrụ na elu kacha takeoff arọ nke 34.5 tọn. Esịtidem mmanụ ụgbọala ikike e mụbara site karịa 20% na 11.5 tọn na ike a ga-akpọlite ka 14.5 ise ruru ọzọ tankị.

Advanced Avionics

Sukhoi emeela ihe nile iji mara nke Su-35 na okwu nke avionics bụ nnọọ magburu onwe. Ọrụ niile nkeji na ugbo elu ngwaọrụ ejisie management ọmụma usoro, onwem na abụọ na-osisi kọmputa. Ọ nakọtara na Filiks data si dị iche iche kenkwucha na ụgbọ elu akara usoro na ọnọde mkpa ozi na pilot via abụọ isi multifunction ngosi (MFD), nke ọnụ na atọ nke abụọ kokpiiti MFD ụdị iko. The ugbo elu nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na mmelite ya avionics na kọmputa usoro, gụnyere wireless digital ụgbọ elu akara usoro, na pilot na-nyere na a okpu agha-n'ịnyịnya ọmụma ihuenyo na abalị ọhụụ enyoanya.

Rada na ezubere iche usoro

Na nke akụkụ a nke e ji mara nke Su-35 na-agụnye ọnụnọ nke Rada "Irbis" n'ezinụlọ phased n'usoro mpi, nke bụ ihe dị mkpa akụrụngwa nke ọku akara usoro nke ugbo elu. Rada nwere ike ịchọpụta efe n'elu lekwasịrị ebe Q3. m na a anya nke 400 km na ike inye ezubere iche na 30 ikuku zaa, ma na-edu asatọ nke ha.

The Rada bụ ike igwu egwu nke ọma dị ka a map nke ụwa, na-eji a dịgasị iche iche nke ụdịdị, gụnyere aperture njikọ mode. Rada "Irbis" na-complemented na optronic sighting usoro nke na-eji na arụmọrụ nke a laser rangefinder, TV, infrared detector nzube.

Aircraft mgwo agha

Gịnị na ngwá agha nwere ike na-ebu fighter Su-35? Nkọwa nke ya mgwo agha na usoro e ji a plurality nke agha-ụdị "ikuku na-ikuku" nso na anya nso, nkenke na unguided ngwá ụdị "ikuku na-ala", nke na-agụnye akụ ụta, bombs na gbawara gburugburu ot bombs. The kacha bara uru ibu Gun - 8 tọn, nke nwere ike zigara iri na anọ hardpoints. The fighter nwere ike iji bọmbụ na a nso nke 300 km.

fighter engines

Su-35 na a ụzọ nke ugboelu engines, nzube vector nke a na-achịkwa na otu ụgbọelu. Nke a engine bụ a mfe version of propulsion dị ka "Saturn-117" ise ọgbọ fighter eshgham FA. Ya nzube-eme atụmatụ na 145 kN, 20 kN karịa Su-27M. O nwere a ndụ nke 4000 awa. A ụzọ nke ugbo elu engines nwere ike ịchịkwa nke pụrụ ịkpata nzube vector. Onye ọ bụla nke nzube Vektọ nozulu nwere ya adiana axis chọrọ ka vetikal ụgbọelu. N'ihi ya ndiiche nke ọ bụla nozulu nzube vector nwere ike na-anọchi anya dị ka a n'ihi nke nupụsịrị nke nozulu na ntụziaka ala-ime ime na elu-outwards. Ọ bụrụ na ma nozzles vector nzube mehieworonụ synchronously ịchịkwa ọnọdụ nke ugbo elu naanị site pitch n'akuku, ma dị iche iche ndiiche Vektọ setịpụ nozzles nwere ike na-achịkwa na akụkụ nke yaw na mpịakọta. Nke a akara usoro a na-rụrụ na a fighter eshgham-FA.

Engine enye ohere Su 35 iru otu ebe supersonic ọsọ enweghị afterburner. Radio-adọrọ mkpuchi na-etinyere engine akụkụ iji belata gosipụtara Rada mgbaàmà si ugbo elu.

Comparative ji mara Su-35 na F-22

Iji ụbọchị, ụwa naanị iwere n'ime ọrụ fighter 5 nke ọgbọ bụ US F-22 Raptor. Dị ka a maara, na "Stealth" technology emejuputa atumatu ya imewe na-enye Rada stealth ugbo elu, dabeere na ụkpụrụ abụọ:

• netinye airframe akpan iji geometric udi na-enye a gosipụtara Rada mgbaàmà na a direction na ncherita-ya ntụziaka nke mbata;
• chụsasịrị (absorption) nke Rada mgbaàmà ike na ihe emejupụta ụgbọelu n'elu n'ihi nzube nke attenuation dị otú ahụ a larịị na nchọpụta nke gosipụtara mgbaàmà na-aghọ eleghi anya.

Dị ka American data-egosi ike nke F-22 fighter Ẹkot a golf bọl, dị ka Russian data, ọ bụ 0.3-0.4 m ^2. N'ihi na ha tụnyere, a mig-29 ọ bụ hà 5 m ^2, na Su-27 - 12 m ^2. Ọ kwere omume, ọ dịkarịa ala na akụkụ, na-enweta arụmọrụ "Raptor" na Su-35? Atụmatụ (jiri ha tụnyere na F-22 e nyere n'okpuru) Russian ugbo elu-ekwe ka anyị na-egosipụta akọ nchekwube na nke a.

Russian injinia na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara ihe na usoro na budata belata reflectivity nke Su-35. Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị kere mgbakọ na mwepụ ngwaọrụ gbakọọ chụsasịrị nke akpa ebili mmiri site ozu mgbagwoju nhazi, dị ka Su-35, na-agbasa ha n'ime nta ihu na-agbakwụnye na mmetụta nke ihu ebili mmiri na-elu okwukwo. Antennas na-modeled iche iche na-ahụ kwukwara dum ngụkọta oge nlereanya.

ọhụrụ redio na-adọrọ ihe, nke kpuchie ugbo elu engines e mepụtara. Ọ adịghị egbochi icing usoro ọrụ na ike idi elu-ọsọ ikuku eruba na okpomọkụ na 200 Celsius C. Radio na-adọrọ oyi akwa 0.7-1.4 mm oké na-etinyere na n'elu nke engines na n'ihu-ogbo ala-mgbali Compressor eji a robotic ịgba usoro.

The Su-35 na-esichara kanopi na-egosipụta Rada mmiri na ebili mmiri, na-ebelata onyinye ka onyinyo intensifier tube si metal tagzi mmiri. Russian technology e mepụtara site a usoro nke plasma deposition nke nwetụ n'ígwé nke metal na plastik. N'ụzọ dị otú a mkpuchi na-kere, nke nkanka akpa ebili mmiri nke radio ugboro, bụ eguzogide ọgwụ cracking na-adịghị egbu oge na anyanwụ okpomọkụ na ụlọ.

N'ezie, ihe niile ndị a na-eme na-na na ịgụta àgwà nke Su-35 na ike nke Raptor F-22, ma ọ bụghị ime ka ha yiri. Nke a parity (na ikekwe ọbụna kara) ga-mere mgbe n'ịkpa a Russian fighter nke 5th ọgbọ eshgham FA.

Ma ihe ndị ọzọ ụgbọ elu àgwà, ha tụnyere Su-35 na F-22 na-enye ndị na-esonụ foto. Russian ụgbọelu anọ mita ogologo (21.9 m vs. 18,9 m) na fọrọ nke nta otu mita n'elu (5.9 m v. 5,09 m) na a ukwuu American wingspan (14.75 m vs. 13,6 m). Uka nke Su-35 (oghere) bụ fọrọ nke nta hà uka nke F-22 (19 500 n'arọ 19 700 kilogram), ma na kacha uka nke "American" abụọ na ọkara tọn ọzọ (34 500 n'arọ 38 000 kilogram). The ọsọ kacha ma ugbo elu bụ fọrọ nke nta ahụ - banyere 2400-2500 km / h, nakwa dị ka aka-na-eweli n'uko - 20,000 m.

Ma ụgbọ elu nso nke Su-35 na abụọ dobe tankị ogologo (4,600 km megide 2960 km) na-enweghị a "ihicha" tankị nwekwara ga-ofufe na "Raptor" (3600 km megide 3220 km).