Viktor Savinykh, Soviet cosmonaut: biography, ezinụlọ, kwuo

Viktor Savinykh - Soviet cosmonaut, 50th na listi ndị na Soviet Union bụ ike ofufe na ohere. N'ime a ndụ, o nwere atọ ọpụpụ, n'oge otu onye nke ọ bụ ike na-aga na-emeghe ohere. Ebuwanye oge niile flights - karịrị 252 ụbọchị.

biography

Viktor Savinykh - Astronotu biography nke e ozugbo mara maka ọtụtụ Soviet ụmụ amaala, n'ihi na ndị mmadụ dị ka ya, na-ele mba a dum dị mpako nke ha, hà ha.

Future na mbara igwe a mụrụ na a obere obodo Berezkin, emi odude ke Oricheskom district nke Kirov mpaghara. Ya ọmụmụ - March 7, 1940. Nwata nwere na agha, n'oge na mgbe mmeri nke Viktor Savinykh gaa akwụkwọ. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ya, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na Soviet ụmụ akwụkwọ na 17 afọ. Inwe natara abụọ muta, Victor banyere Perm Railway College, nke na ubre na ẹkụre nzere e depụtara "Rairoad ẹkesikpede."

Na-enwe ọganihu nke a na-eto eto VP Savinykh kwụsịbeghị na na 1969 gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Institute na nzere "n'ibu engineer dibịa anya." Otú ọ dị, ọbụna nke a emeghị ka ya, ya mere na ọ bụ akwụkwọ nke otu alụmdi - na Moscow Institute of Geodesy na Cartography. Mgbe ya gụsịrị akwụkwọ na PhD n'isiokwu bụ "Nsogbu nke nghazi nke ugboelu na Earth orbit" e chebere ya.

Mgbe ọzọ 5 afọ ọ gbachiteere ya doctoral nke igosipụta yiri gburugburu ebe obibi nsogbu ikuku okwu. Mgbe ahụ, o kpebiri na-amalite a ọrụ diplomaati, n'ihi na nke ọ chọrọ iji nweta a ubre nke Diplomatic Academy.

ohere

Viktor Savinykh malitere ọrụ ya na 1960, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a foreman na ndị Sverdlovsk ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Na 60-63 afọ na-eje ozi na Soviet Army na ụgbọ okporo agha.

The Design Office nke Queen na 1969. Ọ malitere ya ọrụ n'ebe a dị ka onye na engineer, isua 20 lara ezumike nká dị ka isi nke mgbagwoju.

Na 1975, Viktor Savinykh e nyewo ya ikike na Chief Medical Board, na ndabere nke nke afọ atọ mgbe e mesịrị - na December 1978 - nkwanye mere ka idebanye aha a novice na squad. N'ihi na ihe omume ndị a larịị niile mere incredibly ngwa ngwa. Savinykh onwe ya na-akọwa nke a site na-ekwu na ọ maara na ugbo elu nke ọma, do ya kemgbe inception. Ọ bịara na KB mgbe oru ngo bụ naanị na akwụkwọ, otú Viktor soro ya fọrọ nke nta ka si oge nke "tụụrụ ime". Oge akara aka dị ka a nwaa cosmonaut bịanyere aka na 8 December 1978 afọ.

Ọnụ na otu, nke na-atụ anya ebe "Salyut-6", sonye tupu nkwadebe tupu May 1980.

October 1978 - spring 1980 - bụ ọrụ n'aka na-akwadebe maka ule ụgbọ elu on "Soyuz T-2." Ule ha e ọma ọrụ, ma fọrọ nke nta tupu mmalite, ọ kọrọ na ahụ ka ụgbọ ahụ okpukpu abụọ ụgbọ elu, ya mere, ọ ka e si nke usoro ihe omume.

Oputara na-atụghị anya ya, e zigara ọzọ oru ngo, ya mere na October na November 1980, na-akwadebe maka ọzọ oru ngo. Mgbe ya ihe ịga nke ọma ẹkụre Astronotu họpụtara ụgbọ elu engineer nke abụọ na ndi oru ugbo, mere maka a ule ụgbọ elu nke "Soyuz T-3".

Na December 1980, ọ malitere ikpeazụ preparations maka mmalite nke "Salyut-6", nke biri na February '81. The ise isi njem Viktor Savinykh ghọrọ airborne engineer idobere ndi oru ugbo. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ule ndị Commission kpebiri iji na-etinye ya ọnụ na V. Kovalenko ndị praịm arụ ọrụ, mgbe Andreev na Zudov Switched na nkwado ndabere Ọdịdị.

nwa agbọghọ ụgbọ elu

My nke mbụ ụgbọ elu, Viktor Savinykh, cosmonaut, nọ na-eche na a pụrụ iche anya. The malitere March 12, 1981. N'ọfịs ya n'ime 74 ụbọchị, 17 awa na 37 nkeji na 23 sekọnd, nke e kere maka ụgbọ elu, - na ụgbọ elu engineer. Callsign na oge a na - Photon-2. a ụgbọ elu, n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere eziokwu ahụ bụ na igba egbe wee ebe na mgbede. Mgbe takeoff, ndị astronauts ihu a ọtụtụ ọrụ, ya mere, ha na-amanye megharia usoro ihe omume ya tupu. Ha we ụra n'ụtụtụ, aza elu mgbe ndị fọdụrụ nke ndị bi na Moscow na-akwadebe maka bed. Ozugbo mkpebi banyere ụgbọ elu e mesịrị nakweere, ọ kọrọ na Viktor na-aghọ fifties Soviet cosmonaut na №100 na mba iru eru.

Tupu ụgbọ elu, dị ka disinfecting ọgwụ emeso na-eje ozi na-aba n'anya. Savinykh chetara otú a dọkịta jiri egwuregwu kwuo na ugbu a, n'ihi na ụmụ nje ha kpamkpam à gụpụrụ. Na nke a ụbọchị Victor dere akwụkwọ ozi ya na nwunye ya na nne na nna. Envelopu ọ na-etinye a foto na nke ọ na-ẹwụtde ke a spacesuit. The ezinụlọ ahụbeghị ya n'ụdị a, na ike na-adịghị ọbụna na-eche na na oge a ọ na-zitere ka rọketi na ga-adịghị anya ga-asian nke ya ụgbọ elu.

Mgbe ha laghachiri Earth Savinykh o chetara na ndị ọrụ ibe gbalịrị nnọọ ike ime ka ya na-achị ọchị, dọpụ uche site na obi ụtọ. Otu n'ime ha ezi kpọrọ siri ọnwụ na-etinye igwe skii na ibu n'ọnụ mmiri, ebe i nwere ike na-agba ọsọ na gburugburu track ohere. Ndị a na-emesi obi bụ otú oké njọ na akowaputara na Savinykh nwere ike ọ gaghị enyere ma ọnụ ọchị.

Mgbe akuko jụrụ tupu mmalite nke ihe ha ga na-atụ uche na ohere, Savinykh kwuru na ọ na-amaghị, ma n'oge ọ kọrọ bụ ohere.

Nzube nke ozi bụ reactivation nke "Salyut-6" ojii, nke ụfọdụ oge gara aga furu efu njikọ. Ọ bụ n'ime "ndị nwụrụ anwụ" ụgbọ Savinykh mbụ gbalịrị ofufe na efu ike ndọda. Ozugbo, ma ngwa ngwa ọ nụrụ na-eme mkpebi banyere direction mmegharị e ga nwere a ụgbọelu - na ụgbọ elu oge nke tuwichi enweghị uche. Ruo mgbe ị na-eru a elu, ọ gaghị ekwe omume gbanwee ihe ọ bụla.

Alọta mbụ ụgbọ elu, na mbara igwe gwara ọkụ banyere otú mara mma na mbara ala anyị bụ na n'elu ya mere, ọ gaghị ekwe omume na-eme atụmatụ. Ikiri-adịghị agwụ agwụ sunrises (maka ụbọchị ohere, ị nwere ike ịhụ ha 16 ugboro), Viktor chetara ndụ na Urals, n'isi ụtụtụ na ha dị ọcha, ọhụrụ isi. Ọ pụrụ mgbe ahụ chere na ọ ga-abụ na anya na mbara ụwa anyị si ohere? N'ezie, ọbụna na m wildest nrọ a emeghị.

Na anya ha Savinykh gwara banyere ihe ebube nke okooko osisi na-emeghe si na ohere. Aurora mere agaghị echefu ya, otú ahụ karị ka ndị astronauts jisiri gaa obi ndị a onu. Ma film, dị ka na-ekiri, ọ bụghị ike mụta nwa na richness nke na agba, nke na-enwe ike iji na-edebe ha site ohere.

The abụọ ụgbọ elu

Ọ bụ ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ ụgbọ elu nke ndị ahụ dakwasịrị Savinykh. Ọ dịgidere banyere 4 ọnwa njem ka "Salyut-7". The akpa ogbo ẹkewetde nke mweghachi nke niile na ọrụ nke ojii. Imekota na Dzhanibekov nyere nti utịp: osisi arụmọrụ e weghachiri eweghachi. Dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ a Savinykh wee n'ime ohere. Arụ ọrụ na-abụghị nke ụgbọ mmiri were 5 awa.

The ọrụ plan nke abụọ na-adọ gụnyere Vasyutin na Volkova, ma n'ihi ọrịa Vasyutin ụgbọ elu nwere rụchaa n'oge. Savinykh họpụtara ọchịagha nke ndi oru ugbo.

Nke a ụgbọ elu kere a ngụkọta nke 168 ụbọchị 3 awa 51 nkeji 8 sekọnd.

Ọ zụrụ na "Mir", mgbe ahụ, mgbe ha laghachiri Earth, anyị dike dị ka ihe onboard engineer - ofufe na OS "Mir". Ke akpa idaha na-arụ ọrụ e duplicated nke abụọ - na isi.

The atọ ụgbọ elu

Viktor Savinykh, cosmonaut nọmba 50 na mba, mere ya ikpeazụ ụgbọ elu ya ọrụ na '88. Dị ka ụgbọ elu engineer, 7 na 17 June so na ozi na spaceship "Soyuz TM-5".

Ụbọchị abụọ mgbe ẹkedori ugboelu kwụsịrị n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ohere ebe, nke na-ejikwara isi anọ gara. Station "Mir" mere a mma echiche na ndị ahụ bịara ọhụrụ. Ịrụ ihe aga-eme nke nkwonkwo ụgbọ elu, na-arụ ọrụ laghachi Earth. Nke a njem bụ ihe ọhụrụ na na, ya na Soviet cosmonauts ebe "Mir" kwadoro ọkachamara si Bulgaria.

Nke a ụgbọ elu kere 9 ụbọchị, 20 awa, 9 nkeji 19 sekọnd.

Personal ndụ

The girl, bụ onye mesịrị ghọọ nwunye ya, Victor zutere mgbe ịga mahadum ke Perm. Ihe mbụ ọ hụrụ - mfe na unu kpamkpam we wukwasi Lily. O kpebiri na ọ ga-aga n'ụlọ ahụ n'ụlọ ya, ihe n'ezie amused n'ọdịnihu Astronotu. Ọ hụrụ egwuregwu, e aku egwuregwu na bụ ihe magburu onwe duru bu, na-eme ya maara na anya na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ maka ya. Nwunye Viktora Savinyh mụrụ February 23, 41, nne ya na nwa agbọghọ aha - Menshikov. Liliya Alekseevna arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ozizi nke Physical Education Department nke Moscow Forestry Institute.

Viktor Savinykh, bụ onye ezinụlọ bụ nwata nke nne na nna ya, ya na nwanne ya nke nta, kpọlite otu nwaanyị mụrụ August 12, 1968. Valentine ndụ mpako nna, na-aga na-eso nzọụkwụ ya. Ọ na-a bayoloji.

ndụ mgbe

Na 1988, Viktor anabatala na-enye ga-esi na post of Rector. O weere ya na-edu ndú nke mahadum, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ afọ gara aga - MIIGAiK. A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Astronotu ọrụ dị n'elu eze, mgbe nke ruo na 1992 Savinykh bụ a ndị mmadụ osote onye nke Soviet Union. Doctor nke teknuzu sayensị Viktor Petrovich bụ 1990.

Iji ụbọchị, bụbu Astronotu jeworo ozi dị ka nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin "Russian Space". Ọ - ihe ùgwù amaala nke obodo nke Kirov, ebe ke ya nsọpụrụ a ncheta. Ke adianade do, aha nke Astronotu kenyere otu n'ime obere na mbara ala.

ukpono

N'oge ya ogologo ọrụ, na ekele nnyocha Savinykh merie ọtụtụ enọ na utu aha. Ọtụtụ ugboro, ọ ghọrọ a Laureate nke iche iche na obodo kwuo, Knight nke iwu nke Lenin, "N'ihi na Enen" nrite "Gold Star", e ọdịda nke nrite "N'ihi na kpọkwara na ngagharị nke ohere," na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ke adianade do, ugboro ugboro natara aha nke dike.

Ugboro abụọ ọ ghọrọ dike nke Soviet Union. Ọ e ọdịda nke aha na 1981 na 1985.

Na 1981 ọ natara aha nke dike nke Mongolian Ndị mmadụ Republic, na afọ asaa - yiri Republic of Bulgaria.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1981 - Soviet cosmonaut.

Ọ bụghị naanị na mba anyị na anyị nwere ekele maka ihe omume Savinykh, na Paris, ọ bụ ya bụ onye so na International Academy nke Astronautics. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ ya bụ onye so na International Academy of Engineering na Computer Science nke Academy. Ebe ọ bụ na 2006 ọ bụ a kwekọrọ ekwekọ so Russian Academy nke Sciences.

n'èzí-eme

Viktor Savinykh mgbe bikọrọ na-elekọta mmadụ ndụ. Ọ bụ a osote onye nke USSR, so na Environmental Committee, na-agba maka Duma ugboro abụọ, kama ma ugboro adịghị ahọpụta ndị mmadụ. Bụ president nke Igwu Federation, a so na presidium nke ọha philatelists, bụ onye so a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke iche iche ọha mmadụ. Na 2010, otu n'elu atọ na ndepụta nke United Russia party nke Kirov alaka nke ntuli aka na ala mgbakọ. Na 2011 ọ hoputara.

omume ntụrụndụ

Mgbe ha ka a na-amụrụ Savinykh riri ahụ ski na ghọrọ mmasị n'ịkụ azụ, ịchụ nta, ịkụ tenis na a ahuhu n'ihi na n'elu ugwu na ski. Ugbu a, n'agbanyeghị nke ọrụ n'aka, Viktor na-agba mbọ na-enye egwuregwu na ntụrụndụ dị ka ihe oge dị ka o kwere ka ha ghara ida mma.

Ọ bụ ezie na ndụ ugbu a na mbụ Astronotu na Moscow, ọ na-anwa kwa afọ na-abịa ala nna ya Vyatka, ka aga n'ọhịa, ịkụ azụ na maara kemgbe ha bụ nwata riverbanks.

akwụkwọ

Viktor bụ ya bụ akwụkwọ nke "The Earth na-eche ma na-enwe olileanya," dere na 1983, "edeturu si a nwụrụ anwụ ebe", dechara na 1999, "Geography si Space", kere 2000, na "Vyatka. Baikonur. Cosmos ", nke e aku ihe Astronotu na 2002 na 2010.

Ke adianade do, o ngalaba-dere a dịgasị iche iche nke akwụkwọ ewepụtara ohere na gburugburu ebe obibi.