Anglicisms na Russian asụsụ: akụkọ ihe mere eme na echiche, ihe atụ. Mmetụta nke anglicisms na dịkọrọ ndụ Russian asụsụ

Onye ọ bụla eke asụsụ na mmepe ha usoro malitere na-agbaziri okwu si n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. Ịmụta si mmekọrịta dị otú ahụ bụ n'ihi na kọntaktị na iche iche iche iche na-ekwu. Ihe kpatara nke na-agbaziri asụsụ mba ọzọ n'ihi na enweghị nke kwesịrị ekwesị echiche ndị dị na okwu nke mba ụfọdụ.

N'oge, English - mba n'aka nkwurịta okwu. Nke a bụ ihe kwere nghọta, n'ihi na English na-asụ ụwa nke dị n'ihu ndị ọzọ ọha mmadụ na niile na ngalaba nke development. English site Internet ohere, akpan akpan, na-elekọta mmadụ na netwọk, na-enyere aka na-ekere òkè ndị si mba dị iche iche na omenala.

Interest na asụsụ a bilie na njikọ na nkwalite nke pop omenala. Mmasị na American na fim, egwú nke ụdị dị iche iche na Genres ada ka ezigbo iwebata Anglicisms na Russian asụsụ. New okwu malitere ga-eji n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ndị bi na, irrespective nke okike na-elekọta mmadụ ọnọdụ. English okwu na-ngwa ngwa na-agbasa gburugburu ụwa. Na oge a na Russian edemede asụsụ, ha na-elu a dum oyi akwa, ma gafere 10% nke ngụkọta okwu.

History Anglicisms

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-agbaziri si English n'ime Russian malitere ya ngụda si na njedebe nke XVI narị afọ, ruo ugbu a ọ na-akwụsị. Igbunye 5 isi nkebi nke mmepe nke Anglo-Russian asụsụ na mmekọrịta. Ha na-ji ma site akụkọ ihe mere eme na ndị na semantics.

History of anglicisms na Russian asụsụ amalite na guzobere anchoring ụgbọ mmiri nke King Edward VI na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke St. Nicholas, na ọnụ ọnụ nke Northern Dvina, August 24, 1505. The British na-achọ a ahịa, ya mere, mba abụọ ahụ malitere a siri ike na pụtara mgbe nkwurịta okwu. Language kọntaktị ji diplomatic na ahia mmekọahụ. N'oge ahụ, ọ e biiri designation jikoro, akpịrịkpa, ego nkeji, forms of address na utu nke utu aha (pound, shilling, mister, sir).

Adọ II na-emekarị na-akpọ Petrine oge. N'ihi mgbanwe nke Peter m, gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ mmekọrịta ọtụtụ European na-ekwu, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na malitere ịgbasa omenala, agụmakwụkwọ, na mmepe nke Maritime na ndị metụtara agha. Mgbe a na ogbo na Russian asụsụ penetrated 3,000 okwu nke mba ọzọ si malite. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ banyere 300. Anglicisms ọtụtụ ndị biiri okwu na yiri ka mmiri na ihe ndị metụtara agha (nnukwu ugbo mmiri, Abraham), ezinụlọ ọkọwa okwu (pudding, ntụmadị, flannel), nakwa dị ka na ebe nke ahia, nkà, akwụkwọ, sayensị na nkà na ụzụ. Ọtụtụ adia okwu nke na-anọchi phenomena na Filiks abụghị mbụ mara Russian.

Ogbo III bilie n'ihi na intensification nke Anglo-Russian mmekọahụ na ọgwụgwụ nke XVIII narị afọ na njikọ na-abawanye nke England na ugwu na ụwa. Banyere asụsụ nke egwuregwu na oru okwu (egwuregwu, football, hockey, okporo ígwè), okwu si nọ nke na-elekọta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụnụba (ngalaba, mbuli, Square, jaket, Trolley). The njedebe nke ogbo na-atụle ga n'etiti XIX narị afọ.

Ogbo IV ji miri Russian maruuru England na America, n'ókè nke na kọntaktị na akwụkwọ na art. Penetrated n'ime asụsụ nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke anglicisms na-eso thematic iche iche: ihe mere eme, okpukpe, na nkà, egwuregwu, ezinụlọ na ọhaneze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị okirikiri.

Ogbo V mgbazinye ego (njedebe nke XX narị afọ - taa). Na okwu nke ndị Russia nwetara iche iche iche iche nke okwu: azụmahịa (akwụkwọ, baajị, ngụ oge, nhazi), ịchọ mma (concealer, eme na-elu, na-ebuli ude), aha nke efere (bred e tinyere anụ, chisburger).

Taa, ọtụtụ na-ewu ewu loanwords karịrị akwụkwọ na ọkachamara nkwurịta okwu. The okwu eji site na mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi na, mgbe mgbe, na-apụghị ịghọta nke onye nkịtị na n'okporo ámá ma na-haziri maka ihe ọmụma bụ isi nke English. Otú ọ dị Anglicism na Russian - nkịtị, na ụfọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme oge, ọbụna dị mkpa.

Akpata anglicisms na Russian

Ná mmalite nke XX narị afọ, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ mụụrụ akpata penetration na asụsụ mba ọzọ okwu. Ọ bụla Anglicism na Russian asụsụ, dị ka P. Rat, na-egosi maka ndị na-esonụ ihe:

1. The mkpa aha a ọhụrụ onu ma ọ bụ ihe.

2. The mkpa ọdịiche dị nso ezu, ma ka na-dị iche iche echiche.

3. ọchịchọ designation siri ike ihe otu echiche, ọ bụghị a okwu ole na ole n'otu.

4. The mkpa maka nkewa nke echiche n'ihi na ụfọdụ nzube ma ọ bụ na ngalaba.

5. mkpa, ùgwù, ngosipụta nke a mba ọzọ echiche.

Mere agbaziri nke Anglicisms na oge a Russian bụ n'ezie ihe ndị ọzọ ọtụtụ. Otu n'ime ha bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe ọtụtụ Russian na-ekwu okwu ndị na English. Na nke a, na ojiji nke a asụsụ mba ọzọ site ikikere mmadụ na-ewu ewu na mmemme nyekwara a dị ike kwalite mmepe nke usoro a.

omume nke anglicisms

Ka ugbua ekpughe, na-agbaziri asụsụ mba ọzọ - isi ụzọ enriching asụsụ, ihe mere ya mmepe na-arụ ọrụ. VM Aristova ọrụ ha enyocha 3 na-adọ nke English okwu na Russian asụsụ:

1. Penetration. Mgbe a na ogbo, naanị a biiri okwu abatakwa asụsụ na imeghari ka norms nke Russian asụsụ.
2. Assimilation. A na ogbo e ji ihe nke mpako na etymology, nke ahụ bụ mgbe ndị na-akpa ọchị content okwu jupụtara nso-etiri ma ọ bụ yiri na pụtara echiche.
3. Dịrị. Ikpeazụ ogbo Anglicism na Russian asụsụ bụ kpam kpam na-eme mgbanwe, ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-eji. The echiche ọhụrụ na-ewe dị iche iche na ngalaba nke ụkpụrụ, e nwere onye na afo na cognates.

Assimilation nke anglicisms na Russian

New okwu nwayọọ nwayọọ mgbanwe iji asụsụ usoro dị ka a dum. Nke a usoro a na-akpọ assimilation, ya bụ assimilation. Omumu ma nyochaa ndị mgbazinye ego mkpa iji n'ụzọ zuru ezu nyochaa olu nke ọhụrụ okwu na usoro nke ya mmegharị.

Anglicisms na ogo nke assimilation n'ime Russian asụsụ dị iche na a n'ụzọ zuru ezu webatara, ikpe webatara, unassimilated.

Ofụri Esịt webatara - okwu na-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi niile ụkpụrụ nke asụsụ na-aghọta ka ala okwu, nezaimstvovannye okwu (egwuregwu, ọchị, film, na tutuntu).

Ikpe webatara - echiche, fọdụrụ English na ha ide ihe na-akpọ okwu. A, okwu ndị a na-adị na asụsụ bụ ogologo oge gara aga, ya mere, ha mgbaze usoro na-aga n'ihu. Otu a na-ekewa ihe asusu na graphically (dj, smiley, nri ngwa ngwa, freestyle).

Unassimilated - okwu na okwu ndị na-na-ghọtara site agbaziri asụsụ. Otu a nwere ike na-agụnye echiche ndị na-egosi kwa ụbọchị ndụ nke isi iyi obodo (na dollar, ladies, Jazz).

Isi nsogbu n'ọmụmụ borrowings

The nsogbu nke iwebata Anglicisms nnọọ emegiderịta. Okwu ụfọdụ na-eji naanị n'ihi na ọ bụ nyere a craze. Ndị ọzọ, na Kama nke ahụ, nwere nti mmetụta, ịnọ na complementing Russian okwu.

E nwere ndị na-esonụ nsogbu n'ọmụmụ borrowings:

1. Chọpụta ụzọ ịmụta ihe ọhụrụ okwu.
2. The ọmụmụ nke guzobere anglicisms.
3. Ịmata ihe na-akpata ha na anya.
4. Ụkpụrụ nke mmekọrịta mgbazinye ego iji iche iche iche iche.
5. Mmachi na ojiji nke mgbazinye ego.

Na idozi nsogbu ndị a, ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-achọ ịhụ ihe ọnọdụ ndị Anglicisms mere ha na-kere, bụ ndị na-emepụta na otú mmegharị na Russian ọkọwa okwu.

Ziri ezi na-enweghị Anglicisms

E dịwo anya a na-alụ nke na-akwado ma na-emegide nke anglicisms. Na otu aka, ọhụrụ echiche ọgaranya na ịgbakwunye Russian asụsụ. Na ndị ọzọ - a iyi egwu na asụsụ na-aghọta ka a dị ize ndụ nye mba. Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ ekenyela Anglicism 2 iche iche: ihe ezi uche na-enweghị ezi uche.

N'ihi ziri ezi na-agụnye echiche na adịghị na Russian asụsụ. Na nke a, agbaziri dị ka ọ bụ, jupụta na gaps. Dị ka ihe atụ: ekwentị, chocolate, galoshes.

N'ihi na-enweghị borrowings agụnye okwu ndị e mbụ ẹkedọhọde ika aha, na mgbe penetration n'ime Russian asụsụ ghọrọ nkịtị. Ndị a bụ Anglicisms Russian version, ma ndị na-eji mba ọzọ, nke doro anya na ihe na-echegbu ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ, ka okwu ndị a na-egosi nkwekọrịta. Ọmụmaatụ gụnyere Jeep, ákwà nhicha ahụ, copier.

Ịrịa nke ọha mmadụ gbaziri okwu

Na oge a na otu, na English ala aghọwo akụkụ dị mkpa nke Russian asụsụ. Mkpa bụ ajụjụ nke àgwà nke Russian mmadụ ka dị otú ahụ agbaziri.

Anglicisms na Russian asụsụ mgbasa na ụwa na ọnụego na-etinyere na niile na ngalaba nke mmadụ ọrụ, ọ na-eji maka nnyefe nke ihe ọmụma ziri ezi. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a okwu na-eji na warara okirikiri ndị ọkachamara na, otú ahụ dị mfe, untrained onye nwere ike ghara ịghọta ozugbo.

usoro nke na-agbaziri na-echegbu tinyere nkịtị. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ama irreversible, dị ka Anglicisms na oge a na Russian asụsụ a na-esiwanye banye n'ime asụsụ, karịsịa ke ubi nke aku na uba, nkà na ụzụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

Larịị nke English okwu

Dị ka ekwuola, na ọha mmadụ na-eji ya okwu biiri okwu. Ifịk ifịk ya na-egosipụta na-eto eto ọgbọ. Ekenịmde ọtụtụ sociological ọmụmụ, dabeere na nke ndị na-esonụ ná nkwubi ike mmasị:

1. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-eto eto a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ kwuru na taa ọ gaghị ekwe omume ime na-enweghị anglicisms. Otú ọ dị, ha n'ụzọ doro anya ịkọrọ a biiri na mbụ Russian okwu.
2. The ọrụ nke na-eto eto ọgbọ nke agbaziri egosiwokwa site mmepe nke nkà na ụzụ kọmputa na ngwá, ojiji nke Internet na-elekọta mmadụ na netwọk.
3. Na nke a, ihe niile na-eto eto na ndị mmadụ na-adịghị aghọta ihe biiri okwu-eji na media, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku nọ.
4. Pụtara amaghị Anglicisms họrọ naanị na associative larịị.

ihe atụ Anglicism

Anglicisms na Russian asụsụ, nke na-adade ke table maka ala nke na-amụ na analysis na-emekarị-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ ebe.

okirikiri	ihe atụ Anglicism
na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị	Ochichi, onyeisi obodo, na ndị osote onye
aku	Broker, ego dealer
art	Ụlọ ihe nkiri, song, opera
na nkà mmụta sayensị	Metal, magnesium, galaxy
Sports	Sports, volleyball, mma
okpukpe	Ebe obibi ndị mọnk, angel
kọmputa	Phone, ihuenyo, website, file
music	The track, a remake nke soundtrack
Ezinaụlọ	Bus, mmeri, uwe, sweta, ekpepụsị
Maritime akpata	Akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, nnukwu ugbo mmiri
media	Content nkwado, okwu show, ngosi

List of anglicisms na Russian asụsụ bụ sara mbara ezuru. All borrowings si English na-adade ke dictionary Dyakova A. I.

The peculiarity nke eji anglicisms na media

The media na-egwu a dị ịrịba ama ọrụ mgbasa nke ego okwu. Site na pịa, TV na Internet okwu penetrates n'ime kwa okwu nke ndị mmadụ.

All Anglicisms na-eji media nwere ike kere n'ime 3 iche iche:

- okwu, nke bụ otu n'ime Russian asụsụ (atụ, okwu nlekota oru, ie, nlekota);

- echiche na-adịghị mbụ adị (eg, football);

- okwu, e biri ebi na English (atụ, Shop Go, ilekiri).

Mmetụta anglicisms na Russian

Chịkọta niile n'elu, ọ bụ mma ikwu na ọ bụ mmetụta nke anglicisms na dịkọrọ ndụ Russian asụsụ nwere ma nke oma ma na-ezighị ezi. Webata agbaziri na-ọ dị mkpa, ma o kwesịrị ịbụ karịrị akarị n'ụlọikpe asụsụ. Iji mee nke a, na ịghọta ihe anglicisms na-eji nanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ na-Russian asụsụ ga ịzụlite.

Ịmụta Filiks agbaziri bụ nke mmasị na usoro iwu na ihe okwu. Anglicisms na Russian asụsụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme na echiche, akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ha were - na nsogbu a dị mgbagwoju, na-achọ ihe ọzọ ọmụmụ ịzụlite kwe nkwa.