Antiplatelet mmadụ: ndepụta ọgwụ ọjọọ. Anticoagulants na antiplatelet mmadụ, ha ji mara

Mmụba ọbara ọgbụgba na-akpatakarị thrombosis, nke na-eduga ná oké pụta, gụnyere ọnwụ. Pharmacology ọganihu ekwe ịzọpụta ndụ nke ọrịa na nsogbu ndị dị n'ihi mmezi ọgwụgwọ dị ka anata antiplatelet ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Gịnị bụ anticoagulants?

Rheological Njirimara nke ọbara tie a itule n'etiti coagulation na anticoagulation usoro. N'ịnọgide na-enwe a itule dị ka a eke anticoagulant isonye antithrombin III na heparin, nke na-arụ ọrụ kpọmkwem antithrombotic ọrụ, ya bụ, gbochie kpụworo a ọbara clot. The usoro nke edinam ndị nke ikpeazụ a na-ejikọta na-etolite a mgbagwoju na antithrombin III, dapụtara na e guzobere ifịk antithrombin. Ọ, n'aka, bụ maka nkịtị ka thrombin, na-eme ya na-adịghị ejekwa - ọ na-eme ka mgbochi nke thrombus guzobere. Antithrombin III onwe ya na-nwere anticoagulant Njirimara site inactivating thrombin, Otú ọ dị, mmeghachi omume wee dị nnọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ.

The ike nke heparin iji hụ inactivation nke thrombin na-adabere na ego nke antithrombin III ke iyịp. Chọrọ dose ukpụhọde a chọrọ dabeere na analysis. Mgbe chọrọ nhọpụta nke abụọ ọgwụ ozugbo - heparin na antithrombin III, n'otu onunu ogwu na-ahọrọ n'otu n'otu n'ihi na onye ọ bụla.

Nkịtị ka antithrombin - bụghị nanị ọrụ nke heparin. Ke adianade do, o nwere ike gbarie fibrin enweghị òkè nke plasmin, a na-akpọ ndị na-abụghị enzymatic lysis. Mmeghari a bụ guzobere ogige na a dịgasị iche iche nke biologically-arụ ọrụ bekee, gụnyere peptides na homonụ. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ atụmatụ dị iche na suppression nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enzymes abuana ke mkpali usoro (ebelata ya ike), nakwa dị ka ebighị nke lipoprotein lipase ma melite ọbara n'obi arịa.

Gịnị bụ antiplatelet mmadụ?

Preparations anticoagulants na antiplatelet mmadụ na-irè eji na nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Nke a aha natara ego, nke inhibit bonding (aggregation) nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara - mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie na platelet. The usoro nke ihe nke a bekee bụ dị iche iche, nke kwere ọtụtụ iche iche. Antiplatelet mmadụ, ọtụtụ ndepụta ọgwụ ọjọọ nke na-nkewa dị ka ndị a.

1. Calcium akụ ọkpọ ( "Verapamil").
2. Enzyme inhibitors, nke na-agụnye ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata cyclooxygenase (acetylsalicylic acid, "naproxen", "Indomethacin") na adenylate cyclase na phosphodiesterase ( "Ticlopidine", "Pentoxifylline").
3. Ọgwụ ndị na-akpali e guzobere prostacyclin ( "pirazolinov").
4. Prostanoids ( "Prostacyclin" na ya analogues nke bụghị).
5. Ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata-agbapụta n'ahụ nke bekee ẹdude ke kpụkọta ( "Pyracetam").

na-agba akaebe

Antiplatelet ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe aha ha mara ọtụtụ n'ihi na obosara ngwa. Isi ọrụ nke otu a - nke thrombosis prophylaxis. Antiplatelet ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe n'ụzọ dị irè na-eme na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke obi pathologies, nakwa dị ka mgbe ịwa ahụ (prosthetic obi valves).

Antiplatelet mmadụ: ndepụta ọgwụ ọjọọ na ọtụtụ ndị na-eji na-agwọ ọrịa

Ọgwụ ndị na-abụ otu a, dị nnọọ ọtụtụ, ha niile nwere onwe ha peculiarities. Nhọrọ nke a ọgwụ ọjọọ na-adabere na-adakarị ikpe. Na, n'ezie, onwe-ọgwụ a na ọnọdụ bụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị.

"Ịṅụ Ọgwụ Aspirin"

Na ụkpụrụ nke hemostasis eicosanoids na-aka nke ndị a na ngwaahịa nke ọxịdashọn nke arachidonic acid. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa nke thromboxane A2, na isi ọrụ - huu platelet aggregation. Akparamagwa nke aspirin na-eduzi na mgbochi nke ihe enzyme, na-akpọ cyclooxygenase. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a njikọ na-ewute tomboksana A2, ya mere iji gbochie ha ịkpa thrombus guzobere Filiks. Mmetụta enwekwu mgbe re-na-ewere ọgwụ n'ihi na ìgwè. N'ihi na a zuru mgbochi nke cyclooxygenase chọrọ kwa ụbọchị oriri. The kacha onunu ogwu ebelata likelihood nke mmetụta, "Ọgwụ Aspirin" ọbụna mgbe nile were. Dose escalation bụ adịghị anakwere, ebe ọ bụ na ihe ize ndụ nke na-agba ọbara nsogbu.

"Ticlopidine"

The ọgwụ na-dabere na igbochi ụfọdụ anabata na-ahụ maka egbochi mkpụkọ nke ọbara. Nọmalị, mgbe ị na-ejikọta ha na e nwere mgbanwe nke ADP platelet aggregation kpaliri na ekara, na "Ticlopidine" na-egbochi nke a. A ikpehe antiplatelet gị n'ụlọnga bụ a elu bioavailability, nke a na-enweta site na elu na-agba mmiri. Mgbe ịkagbu mmetụta a hụrụ ọbụna n'ihi 3-5 ụbọchị. The drawback bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke mmetụta, tinyere nkịtị ọgbụgbọ, afọ ọsịsa, anaemia na agranulocytosis.

"Clopidogrel"

Antiplatelet mmadụ dị ka ụdị ihe ahụ yiri nke "ticlopidine", ma ya uru bụ dịtụ ala toxicity. Ke adianade do, ihe ize ndụ nke mmetụta mgbe na-ewere a ọgwụ bụ nnọọ ala. Ugbu ndị ọkachamara na-enye mmasị na "clopidogrel" n'ihi na enweghị nsogbu ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka agranulocytosis na thrombocytopenia.

"Eptifibatide"

The ọgwụ na-enye aggregation site igbochi glycoprotein, bụ nke dị na platelet akpụkpọ ahụ. E Kenyere maka igba ogwu n'akwara bolus, na-emekarị na rịaworo na angioplasty iji belata likelihood nke myocardial infarction.

"Dipyridamole"

The isi mmetụta nke ọgwụ - dabere vasodilatation, ntụgharị mmụba nke ọbara arịa, ma owụt antiplatelet mmetụta hụrụ mgbe jikọtara ndị ọzọ ọgwụ ọjọọ. "Dipyridamole" họpụtara na "aspirin", ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere a elu n'ihe ize ndụ egbochi mkpụkọ nke ọbara. Ọ dịkwa ike ikpokọta na "warfarin", nke na-irè etinyere mgbe prosthetic obi valvụ iji belata likelihood nke embolisms. Na monotherapy mmetụta dị obere akpọ.

Antiplatelet ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ (ndepụta: "Elikvis", "clopidogrel" na ndị ọzọ), na ọtụtụ-eji omume.

contraindications

Oge akara aka nke antiplatelet ọgwụ na-achọ ịkpachara anya akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke na-agụnye ozi na comorbidity. Na ọnụnọ nke a ọrịa na-bụ a contraindication maka inweta ọgwụ ọjọọ na otu a, a mgbazi nke ọgwụgwọ plan. N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, a nhọrọ nke onye ọgwụ ọjọọ na ha Dosages, na ọgwụgwọ a rụrụ n'okpuru ike ike na-elekọta. Na ọ bụrụ ga-otu nọọrọ onwe ha oru nke antiplatelet mmadụ, n'ihi na ndị na-esi ike ịkpata ọdachi.

The ndepụta contraindications:

• allergies;
• hemorrhagic diathesis;
• ihe ize ndụ nke ọbara ọgbụgba;
• oké umeji akụrụ insufficiency;
• akụkọ ihe mere eme nke arrhythmia;
• ọbara mgbali elu, nke ukwu;
• okpo ọrịa nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro;
• Ụmụaka afọ (n'ihi na ọtụtụ ngwaahịa).

Na mgbakwunye, ọtụtụ nke antiplatelet elekọta mmadụ (ndepụta nke ngwaahịa enyocha ke ibuotikọ) na-contraindicated n'oge ime na lactation. N'oge a, a ga-họọrọ ọgwụ ndị na-adịghị ize ndụ n'ihi na nwa na nne.

Antiplatelet mmadụ. Drugs: a ndepụta nke afọ ime

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-emerụ ahụ nwa ebu n'afọ na mgbasa ihe ize ndụ nke na-ete ime. Nke a na onu na-akpọ fetoplacental insufficiency. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-emerụ nnyefe nke oxygen ka ọbara nke nwa ebu n'afọ na-emepe emepe siri hypoxia, nke egwu bụghị naanị ọdịiche na ya mmepe, ma ọnwụ. Mgbe Ịchọpụta Otú Nsogbu a daa ọrịa na-achọ ozugbo ọgwụgwọ, nke ndị mejupụtara rụọ ọbara, na-ebelata ọbara viscosity. N'ihi ihe a na họpụtara antiplatelet mmadụ, Otú ọ dị, mara na ọ bụghị ihe niile na-ọgwụ ọjọọ na otu a dị mma n'oge ime. Omume na-eji nanị ụfọdụ n'ime ego.

"Kurantil"

The ọgwụ na-ewu ewu n'ihi na eziokwu na ya ndepụta contraindications dịghị ime na ara. Active mgwa "chimes" - na mbụ kọwara dipyridamole, nke dilates ọbara arịa na-egbochi thrombus guzobere. Ọ mma myocardial ọbara, huu nnyefe nke chọrọ ego nke oxygen. N'ụzọ dị otú a, K "Urantia" nwere ike ga-eji na ọnụnọ nke ọrịa obi na ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime. Otú ọ dị, isi na-egosi ime na ọ bụ placentofetal ọdịda. Site rụọ rheological Njirimara nke ọbara na vasodilatation, mgbochi clogging arịa Plasenta, otú ahụ nwa ebu n'afọ na-adịghị ata ahụhụ site na hypoxia. A uru nke ọgwụ nwere ike na-akpọ immunomodulating mmetụta. The ọgwụ akpali mmepụta nke interferon, si otú mbenata ihe ize ndụ nke malitere ịrịa ọrịa na nne ya. Ọ bụ ezie na "Kurantil" na ọ ga-eji n'oge ime na lactation, ma kwesịrị naanị nye iwu ya ma ọ bụrụ gosiri. Mgbe na-ewere ọgwụ ga belata oriri nke tii na kọfị ka ha ibelata ya irè. Antiplatelet ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ (ndepụta n'elu) na-ekwesịghị-achọkwa na ndị dị otú ahụ a ọṅụṅụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ime na-adịghị gwara ha ka ha na-etinye aka n'ụzọ ọ bụla.

Antiplatelet mmadụ, a ndepụta ọgwụ ọjọọ nke na-agụnye ọtụtụ ndị aha, na-eji ihe n'ụzọ dị irè na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa na nke obi usoro. Otú ọ dị, na-maara nke na o kwere omume nsogbu metụtara na-ebelata ọbara viscosity na clotting mgbochi. Antiplatelet ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na ike-eji naanị n'okpuru nlekọta nke ịga dibịa, ọ ga-ewerekwa dị mkpa onunu ogwu na ọgwụgwọ.