Arctic n'oké osimiri saa Russia

Kwere, taa bụ nnọọ ike iji chọta ihe okenye ndị ga-enwe ike depụta Arctic n'oké osimiri nke Russia. Na ọrụ a, ikekwe, ọbụna na nkezi akwụkwọ ahụ n'ụzọ dị mfe ịnagide. O yiri ka nke a enweghị ihe o. Otú ọ dị, ka na-echeta. N'ihi ya, oké osimiri nke Arctic shelf - nke a bụ Barents, Kara, White, Laptev, East Siberia na Chukchi. Total isii. Gịnị dị àgwà ha? Ihe ha nwere na-ahụkarị? Na ihe bụ isi iche iche?

Isiokwu a ga-ọ bụghị nanị na-enye azịza niile ajụjụ ndị a, kamakwa iji na-agbalị iji gosi na-agụ na Arctic oké osimiri kwesịrị ọ na-erughị anya karịa ndị ọzọ maara anyị, karịsịa na okpomọkụ, na Black ma ọ bụ Azov. Ha bụ ihe ọhụrụ n'ihi na anyị na okwu nke thermal itule, ma ọ n'ezie adịghị eme ka ha na-erughị na-akpali.

Nkebi 1. Arctic n'oké osimiri saa Russia. ozi izugbe

Ná mgbalị ekpughe okwu a na-agbalị depụta isi atụmatụ ndị a na mpaghara nke ụwa.

Mbụ niile, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na Russian Arctic n'oké osimiri kasị nke afọ kpuchie a oké oyi akwa nke ice. Site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na ha na-aghọ colder. Ka ihe atụ, ọ bụrụ na na Barents Sea nwere obere mmetụta nke Atlantic a na-eche, mgbe ahụ, n'ihu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na-ice ọkpụrụkpụ abawanye budata.

The Arctic n'oké osimiri na-aghọ ọkụ n'ihi okwukwo nke Pacific Ocean. Karịsịa ọ ga-hụrụ na na akụkụ nke Chukchi, nke bụ ozugbo n'akụkụ aka Bering Strait.

Na-ekwukwa na a na-akpọ Arctic n'oké osimiri, n'aka, nwere kasị ukwuu mmetụta na idụhe nke Siberia. Na, oddly ezu, ma nke ka nke e nwere mmetụta dị otú ahụ na n'oge okpomọkụ. Nke ahụ bụ n'ihi na oyi na ha na-kpuchie na ice, nakwa dị ka ala ahu, na iche dị na okpomọkụ na iru mmiri na-adịghị hụrụ. Ma oyi na-atụ ìgwè mmadụ na nke mmiri na okpomọkụ ike iche na-ekpo ọkụ n'ụwa.

Na niile Russian Arctic n'oké osimiri dịwo jikọrọ n'ịkụ azụ dị iche iche mmiri na ụmụ anụmanụ, nke na otu oge dugara na mkpochapụ nke ọtụtụ ụdị na dị ka a n'ihi iwu. Otú ọ dị, n'ebe ndị a, n'agbanyeghị ihu igwe siri ike, mgbe niile na-adọta nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị njem nleta si dị iche iche na nkuku nke ụwa. Otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu na ụzọ gasị - a nleta North osisi. Ọtụtụ ndị na-adịghị aṅa ntị niile ihe isi ike, na-na-na "okpueze" nke Earth na icebreaker. Kacha amasị ndị ọzọ ihe nke Arctic n'oké osimiri - a rookery nke oké osimiri ọdụm na walruses, "rookeries" ebe họọrọ polar bea.

Nkebi nke 2: Omimi White Sea

Isi ihe dị iche nke ụwa na oké osimiri ebe site na ike nke Arctic n'oké osimiri bụ na ọ na-etinye n'ebe ndịda nke Ugwu Finland, na na a obere akụkụ nke ugwu mmiri na-akarị ya. N'ihi ya, ọ na-enyo na White Sea na ọ fọrọ nke nta n'akụkụ niile nwere eke ókè. Naanị iche na Barents Sea bụ a mkpa na ukwuu nhazi akara.

White na-ewere a dịtụ obere n'ime obodo oké osimiri Russia. Ọ na-ekpuchi ebe nke 90 puku square. km. The nkezi omimi nke obodo mmiri - 67 m na kacha - 350 m. Karịsịa mmiri miri nke White Sea bụ efere, Kandalaksha Bay. Ke edere edere akụkụ ndị kasị na-emighị emi ebe - dịghị miri karịa 50 mita ga-ahụ kwuru na ala bụ mkpumkpu ..

N'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, n'ime White Sea na-achị achị, ya mere, na-ekwu okwu, a gwara ọgwa idụhe, na-enwe na atụmatụ nke ma continental na mmiri.

Nkebi 3. Amazing Barents Sea

Ndị na-achọ ịhụ otú na-agbanwe agbanwe ọdịdị nke Arctic n'oké osimiri nile, na ọ na-atụ aro na-aga Barents Sea, bi ndị kasị dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ itie.

N'ókèala dị, ọ agwa na Norwegian ọkụ oké osimiri, nakwa dị ka oyi na-atụ mmiri nke Arctic efere. Ngụkọta nke ebe Barents Sea - banyere 1,405 nde square mita. km, nkezi omimi bụ mkpokọta 200 m.

The idụhe nke pola oké osimiri, ndị kacha bụrụ ezigbo ndị na ike nke shelf n'oké osimiri nke Arctic Ocean. 3/4 Barents oké osimiri n'elu kpuchie ice n'afọ ọ bụla, ma ọ dịghị mgbe freezes kpamkpam, ọbụna oyi. All nke a bụ n'ihi mwubata nke na-ekpo ọkụ Atlantic mmiri.

The ala enyemaka bụ heterogeneous, nwere seamounts, anētiye na ọtụtụ Ikuku. All a ukwuu na-emetụta ndị hydrological e ji mara nke mmiri ahụ. Ka ihe atụ, n'ihi na nke a oké osimiri e ji mma Ịgwakọta mmiri na magburu onwe aeration.

Nkebi nke 4: Gịnị mere adịghị aga n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Kara Sea?

The Kara Sea bụ ụsọ oké osimiri nke na-Taimyr Peninsula, n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Europe na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Siberia mben. Ya n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ókè-emetụ Barents Sea, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na Laptev Sea.

Nke a òkè nke ụwa oké osimiri na-emi odude kpamkpam n'ime Ugwu Finland. Kara oké osimiri ebe esịmde banyere 883 puku square kilomita, nkezi omimi -. 111 m, na esịmde a kacha ebe 600 m.

Coast na ọwụwa anyanwụ nke New Earth na-ebipụ site fjords, na na-adịdebeghị mmiri n'ụsọ e nwere nnukwu egbugbere ọnụ na inlets, ebe igba ukwu Siberia osimiri, ya bụ, Yenisei, na pelvis, na Ob na Pyasina.

Na Kara Sea nwere ọtụtụ agwaetiti, karịsịa a otutu ha ụsọ oké osimiri nke Taimyr.

Oke salinity (33-34%) chọpụtara na n'elu n'ebe ugwu. Spring ice agbaze nwere ike desalinate ọtụtụ bays estuaries nso (n'ime 5%).

Ọ ga-kwuru na ọ fọrọ nke nta niile Arctic oké osimiri Siberia n'okpuru ndị doro anya mmetụta nke osimiri eruba. Ka ihe atụ, Kara bụ pasent esịmde 40%. Ọ na-adịkarị mara na na osimiri na-ebe a 1290 cubic kilomita nke ọhụrụ mmiri kwa afọ, na 80% nke na-aga site June ka October.

Site n'ụzọ, ihe ọzọ dị mkpa mma bụ na Kara Sea kpamkpam freezes si October ka May. Ọ bụ ya mere ndị obodo ọbụna kpọrọ ya "ice bag".

Nkebi 5. The Laptev Sea

Ị maara nke nke Arctic n'oké osimiri bụ kasị? Laptev, n'ezie! N'ókèala dị, ọ na-emi odude na-esote na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Eastern Siberia. Tupu ya ọbụna na-akpọ na Siberia.

Ozugbo ahụ, anyị mara na nke a oké osimiri kpamkpam n'ime Ugwu Finland. Na n'ebe ugwu, n'ihu ya meghere na oyi na-atụ na-fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam kpuchie ebighi ice nke Arctic Ocean, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ a ndeputa ole na ole jikọọ na Laptev Sea, Kara Sea, na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Straits amalite East Siberia, n'ebe ndịda bụ ike jupụtara na nkume nke ụsọ oké osimiri nke Yurop Afrika.

Ya ngụkọta ebe - 664 puku square kilomita, nkezi omimi nke 540 m, ọtụtụ na-emighị emi atụle South (50 sq.), Na na nsọtụ nke shelf region achọpụtara na oké omimi, n'ihi na ihe atụ, na trough Sadko kacha anya n'ime esịmde fọrọ nke nta jọgburu ọgụgụ. na 3385 m.

N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke oké osimiri ezu seismicity, dị nnọọ n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke na New Siberia Islands mgbe ụfọdụ-eme ala ọma jijiji ruo 6 na-ekwu.

Dị ka a na-achị, ka ukwuu n'afọ ndị Laptev Sea kpuchie ice. Site kpụkọrọ ebe a n'ụba emepụta Refeyim-icebergs.

Ịtọ ụtọ nkezi - 34% Otú ọ dị, nso ọnụ nke osimiri ahụ. Lena ọ dara ruo 1%, m. K. Deep osimiri ebe a na-eweta ọhụrụ mmiri. E wezụga Lena ndị ọzọ na nnukwu-eru n'ime Laptev Sea akwara bụ Jana, Olenek, Anabar na Khatanga.

Nkebi nke 6 nke East Siberia - na-emighị emi Arctic Sea

Nke a n'elu òkè nke ụwa bụ nke na udi nke a na-akpọ ihe odide n'akụkụ Chile. N'ókèala dị, ọ na-emi odude ụsọ oké osimiri nke Eastern Siberia. Ókè nke mmiri a na-n'ozuzu nhazi akara, na na na na akụkụ ụfọdụ na ọ bụ n'ezie nanị ala. The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ebe East Siberia Sea, na-aga site na. Ji esi mmiri ọkụ na mgbe na-agba tinyere Laptev Sea. Northern cordon kpamkpam ekwekọ n'àgwà nke ndị ihu continental shelf. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọ na-depụtara na. Wrangel na abụọ capes - Blossom na Yakan.

Mmiri nke East Siberia Sea na-ọma gwa ha ihe Arctic Ocean. Marine ebe nke 913 sq. M. km, ma na kacha omimi esịmde 915 m.

The East Siberia hụrụ obere àgwàetiti. The coastline nwere ike ekwe, ihicha n'ebe sikwa n'oké osimiri ahụ. Kọntinent na Arctic na oké osimiri, dị ka a na-achị, dị na mbara ọzara. Otú ọ dị, n'ebe ụfọdụ e ka a obere mkpọda.

Rịba ama na a oké osimiri bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke Atlantic na Pacific oké osimiri, nke mere na ya na ihu igwe na-ewere dị ka pola oké osimiri, na a nnukwu continental mmetụta.

A-abịa dịtụ obere ego nke continental mmiri. The kasị ibu osimiri eru n'ime oké osimiri bụ - Kolyma na Indigirka.

Nkebi 7. Gịnị ka ị maara banyere Chukchi Sea?

N'etiti banyere. Wrangel Island na Cape Barrow US Chukchi Sea bụ otu ebe 582 puku sq. M. km. Eleghị anya na onye ọ bụla nke nwere mmasị na omenala na omenala, o doro anya na ọ natara aha aha nke ndị mmadụ ga-ebi na ya n'ikperé mmiri.

Ke ofụri ofụri, Chukchi Sea e ji a oyi ihu igwe, ike ice ọnọdụ kere n'ihi na mmetụta nke Canadian ịgba ígwè ice.

Chuckchee oké osimiri jikọọ na Pacific Ocean site na Bering Strait, a obosara nke 86 km na a omimi nke 36 m, ma ọ na-penetrates na Arctic banyere 30 puku. Cu. km nke dịtụ mmiri ọkụ. Na August nso ya elu mkpagide nwere ike ọkụ ruo +14 Celsius C. Ke ndaeyo oge, n'adịghị ka oyi pores Pacific rim ice mmiri push efep n'ikperé mmiri.

Nkebi 8. Nature na Man: Sea ibu otú ahụ Cleaner

N'ụwa taa, anyị na-eji na-dị ka o kwere zere okwu nke gburugburu ọzọ. N'ihi gịnị? Ihe bụ na, dị ka ama ịghọ àgwà ịbara ụlọ ọrụ, unscrupulous njem nleta na asi isi nke obodo ochichi. Ke ofụri ofụri, anyị na-n'ụzọ ụfọdụ subconsciously mara na ihe niile bụ ihe ọjọọ, na n'ihu ga-ọbụna njọ.

Ma na nso nso ọkà mmụta sayensị Murmansk Marine Biological Institute mgbe ha laghachiri si njem nke "Murmansk - Dudinka" ada 200 lita oké osimiri mmiri maka analysis maka Cesium-137 na Strontium-90 - radionuclides, nke bụ na-egosi ụmụ mmadụ na mmetụta. The results nke ịrụsi ọrụ ike ume: ugwu na oké osimiri na-aghọ Cleaner, agwa ka na-anagide nsogbu ndị mbụ nwetara na-akwakọba mebiri.

Redioaktivu ọcha, dị mwute ikwu na, ọ ka na-ahụrụ, ma na obere na obere ichekwa karịa 90s.