Arumaaru: ụdị na ụzọ

Dị ka Criminal Usoro, adịgboroja na-ewe nke akwụkwọ pụtara na mmepụta nke esorowo akwụkwọ ruru falsification nke akwụkwọ (nhọrọ ma ọ bụ n'ichepụta mmiri: ụdị, media ọmụma, signatures, ederede, stampụ, akàrà). Site na nke a echiche na-emetụta ndị falsification nke onye ọcha (illegal ịgbanwe akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ezi akwụkwọ). arumaaru, ọrụ maka nke a na-nyere site Criminal Usoro, ọ bụ otu nọọrọ onwe ha na usoro nke na-eme mpụ ma ọ bụ a na mpụ.

Mgbe n'ụzọ zuru ezu rigged adịgboroja akwụkwọ na-emepụta dị ka ụfọdụ ihe nakawa etu esi, nke na-eje ozi dị ka ezigbo mbipụta. The atụmatụ (iche si mbụ) enwetara ha n'oge ha rụpụta, nke na-enye ohere ịghọta a adịgboroja. Ele Mmadụ Anya n'Ihu adịgboroja na-ewe nwere ike site na:

• kanta Mbipụta nke stampụ na akàrà, signatures;
• dochie akụkụ nke akwụkwọ (peeji nke, oyiyi), na-agbazi, overprinting, ọzọ ndetu, chemical etching nke ederede;
• erasures, ndị a ihe ịrịba ama nwere ike ghọtara site forensic n'aka.

Na pụrụ iche akwụkwọ e ji amụ, adịgboroja na-ewe nke akwụkwọ na ya atụmatụ na-kọwara dị ka ndị a. Mgbe erasures iji n'ibu mwepụ nke ederede (tumadi ọrịa strok, nọmba, onye akwụkwọ ozi) site ịkpụcha nkọ ihe (mma, aguba agụba) ma ọ bụ na ichicha nchicha. Na nke a akwụkwọ n'elu oyi akwa na-agbajikwa na akụkụ wepụrụ n'out oge ehichapu ederede. Ịrịba ama nke erasures agụnye: residues dyes strok ederede ụdọ ink na ọhụrụ ederede, nke na-etinyere na-ehichapu ọnọdụ, mebiri nke ndabere okporo, mbenata akwụkwọ ọkpụrụkpụ mgbanwe ebupụta ruffled n'elu oyi akwa emep uta eri.

Nchọpụta na-rụrụ erasures ịrịba ama n'oge ọmụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkịtị gbasasịa, ebute site ná, oblique ìhè na ultraviolet na infrared ụzarị, eji a mikroskopu na anya nko dị iche iche multiplicities.

adịgboroja na-ewe chemical etching a rụrụ flushing ma ọ bụ ederede bleaching chemical reagents (alkali, acid). N'otu ọgwụ imetụta ọ bụghị nanị na-egbu ndị ederede, ma na mmiri nke na akwụkwọ (ndabere okporo akwụkwọ). The ịrịba ama nke chemical etching ezo mgbanwe agba akwụkwọ na ndabere okporo, iru-agbasa ink ụtarị fragility, na fragility nke akwụkwọ. Egosi ihe ịrịba ama nke chemical etching eji a etokwa ngwa anya ngwaọrụ, oblique ọkụ, nzacha.

Overprint ma ọ bụ ọzọ na ndetu site n'aka a rụrụ ịgbanwe data dị na akwụkwọ. Ha na-na obere na size, ma nwere ike budata ịgbanwe mbụ data. Main atụmatụ ọzọ kwuru, sị: iche na nzuzo na-ahụkarị ndị atụmatụ na-emesi (adịgboroja na-ewe ya na ihe ịrịba ama na-akwụsị n'isi akwụkwọ ozi, igbu oge nke mezuo iwu, osooso aka dere, akwụkwọ ozi size). Ịrịba ama overprinting na typewriter: mismatch na e ji esiji ákwà hue iche na-ebi akwụkwọ ụkpụrụ size.

Mgbazi, overprint, ọzọ ndetu ederede achọpụtara site etokwa ngwa anya ngwaọrụ, iji infrared na UV nzacha, site n'ịmụ chemical mejupụtara nke e ji esiji ákwà.