Blood ule. Blood clotting. Nyopụta ọbara ule: coagulation

Blood - ọ bụ isi ozuzu n'ala nke ahụ mmadụ. Nọgidere na-ekesa na ya ma na-egbo mkpụrụ ndụ na oxygen na nile dị oké mkpa metabolites, ọ rụrụ ya nkiti ọrụ. Ke adianade do, na ọbara ya bụ nwekwara a nchedo iwebata a plurality nke pathogens nke na-efe efe, dị ka nke ọma dị ka na-egbochi ọbara ọgbụgba bụrụ na nke mmebi nke ọ bụla arịa. Nyere bụ a pụrụ iche coagulation usoro esịnede a mgbagwoju set nke na-edozi. Ugbu a anyị na-atụle nke a na ihe zuru ezu.

Ọdịdị nke hemostasis

Ọ kwesịrị ịchọpụta ihe usoro hemostasis. Ọ mejupụtara abụọ mmiri na-emegide onye ọ bụla ọzọ - coagulation na anticoagulation. Ma n'otu oge, ha zuo ezu onye ọ bụla ọzọ, nke mere na ọbara ghara ịgbanwe ya qualitative kwa, ma nwee ike na-eri nri na ndị ọzọ na anụ ahụ. The mbụ na-akawanye uru na-agba ọbara mgbe ọ dị mkpa ka ike a ọbara clot obturation oghe lumen na arịa mgbidi. The abụọ na-n'ọrụ ozugbo mgbe mbụ ọrụ, si otú na-egbochi clotting na ụba na mmepe nke thrombosis dị oké akpata, dị ka ọrịa strok na myocardial infarction.

Ya mere, na ọtụtụ ọrịa e n'ozuzu analysis of ọbara. Blood clotting na ya nje seeding - bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọmụmụ a. ị pụrụ ime ka ihe na-arịa na ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị dabere na ya data.

The mmiri na n'ozuzu analysis of ọbara

Otu n'ime ihe ndị mejupụtara nke coagulation usoro ogide ọnọdụ dị mkpa dị ka mkpụrụ ndụ na-edozi. Nke a bụ isi platelet, nke, na mgbakwunye na ya bụ isi ọrụ, na-enye nri endothelium lining n'ime niile ọbara arịa. Ha nọmba nwere ike site na-agafe na-adakarị ọbara. Clotting, Otú ọ dị, na-adabere ọ bụghị naanị na ha na ọnụ ọgụgụ, ma na-na ha mma. N'ihi ya, mgbe ihe inconsistency pụta ụwa ọrụ nke ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ ịzụlite thrombocytopathia, siri ike ịmata na e ji ọtụtụ, ọ bụ ike iji kwụsị ọbara na-agba, nke nwere ike imecha mee ka anyị gharazie ndụ. Ọzọ mfe, ọnọ ọbụna a zuru ezu na-adakarị analysis of ọbara - clotting oge Lee-White. Ọ na-ekpebisi ike site mkpatụ akpa na mkpụrụ e ruo mgbe ọ Nonseparated oké clot.

e ji mara ihe

Ndi na-edozi na-gụnyere na mejupụtara nke coagulation usoro, kwuru na iri na atọ ihe. Ha iche dabeere n'eziokwu na-ejikarị ha nọ ihe-adịghị ejekwa ozi ala ruo mgbe e nwere ihe mere ha na-eme, nakwa dị ka na mgbagwoju yinye ha igba egbe, nke na ha na-eme dị ka akpali n'ihi na ndị a Jeremaya mere. N'ihi ya, usoro a bụ dịtụ dịpụrụ adịpụ. Quality Njirimara nke ọrụ ha gụnyere a warara ọbara ule - "ọbara clotting" ma ọ bụ "coagulation". Ọ na-agụnye a ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke nhọrọ, ma dọkịta bụ onye nwere ihe ọmụma banyere ha, nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-akpọ ndị na-akpata ọrịa nke hemostasis, na ọbụna kpatara ọrịa. N'ihi ya, nyopụta ọbara ule "clotting" enyene ihe dị mkpa n'ebe ndị na-adakarị ahụmahụ nke ọ bụla ọkachamara, ya mere anyị ga-atụle ya ihe zuru ezu.

Key egosi nke coagulation

Ya mere, n'ime omumu a mejupụtara ndị na-esonụ isi echiche.

• Mbụ. D-dimer bụ ihe dị mkpa egosi thrombosis, ma si otú a na-eji n'oge nchoputa nke thrombosis. Ime hụrụ na nnukwu ichekwa (3-4 ugboro) site na njedebe nke oge nke gestation, ma nke a bụ a variant nke norm. Nchọpụta bụ ya a nnọọ ukwuu ịta nke na-egosi ugbua na-enweghị nchịkwa na N'ezie nke ime. Ke adianade do, o kpughere na-abawanye na ọrịa ndị dị ka ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo, hemorrhagic nsogbu, oké na-efe efe.
• The abụọ echiche. Prothrombin oge yiri mgbakọ index INR na PTI (prothrombin index) e ji mara ala nke ọbara coagulation usoro na tụrụ site Koagulometers na formulas. Kọwaa dị maka nwale nke hemostasis na na ọgwụgwọ nke anọ anticoagulants.
• Nke atọ. Fibrinogen - a mgbagwoju protein. Ọ bụ idé nke e guzobere a ọbara clot - thrombus. Ọmume-ya na-esonyere ịba ọcha n'anya, ọrịa akụrụ, myocardial infarction, radieshon ọrịa, cancer. Otú ọ dị, dị ka hụrụ n'oge ime, nanso, na-na onu gbochie afọ na a bụ isi estrogen akụrụngwa.

egosi protivosvertyvaniya

• The anọ echiche. Lupus coagulant bụ otu ìgwè nke-alụso ọrịa ọgụ ka ya platelet, nke bụ ngosipụta nke oké autoimmune usoro. Ọtụtụ mgbe hụrụ na daa ọrịa nke afọ ime, ie. E. Gestosis. Ya edidu na-akọwa ha nke ukwu hemodynamic disturbances - edema, ọbara mgbali, elu puru nke ime ọpụpụ. Ya mere, ọbara, "ọbara clotting" analysis a rụrụ maka niile ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime iji zere a nhọrọ.
• Nke ise. Antithrombin-3, na iche, bụ a protein anticoagulation usoro na a thrombin inhibitor. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa na-adịkwa ọbara ule, "ọbara coagulation," na n'ihi ojuju na nke a akụrụngwa, ọ na-egosi a ize ndụ nke thrombosis. Ọzọkwa, definition nke antithrombin-3 dị mkpa maka akara nke ọrịa na-anata ogologo oge anticoagulant ọgwụ usoro (ọgwụ ọjọọ "TromboASS", "Cardiomagnyl", "clopidogrel").

achịkọta

Na mgbakwunye na n'elu, ọ dị ụzọ aPTT na ọtụtụ doro anya na-egosipụta ezu / mpe ihe ọbara clotting. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ihe ndị kasị hemophilia iche iche Jenesis, von Willebrand ọrịa, ọnụnọ nke ngafe coagulation inhibitors ma ọ bụ anticoagulants n'ikuku. Ọ ga-kwuru na a ọbara clotting nnwale nwere ike na-egosi. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ị na-enyo a mebiri na hemostatic usoro, mkpa ịhụ dọkịta.