cell organelles-adịgide adịgide owuwu na-enye kpọmkwem ọrụ ịrụ usoro nke ya ọrụ - na mmepe, nkewa na multiplication, wdg Eukariticheskie (nuclear) mkpụrụ ndụ nke osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nwere a yiri Ọdịdị na a na-fọrọ nke nta yiri set of organelles na prokaryotic (na-abụghị nuclear) mkpụrụ ndụ a oge ochie Ọdịdị na-enweghị ọtụtụ ndị organelles.
Cell organelles, dabere na ọnụnọ nke akpụkpọ ahụ mmiri, na-ekewa n'ime ndị na-abụghị akpụkpọ ahụ mebrannye. N'ihi na ndị na-abụghị akpụkpọ ahụ organelles gụnyere ribosomes na centrioles na organelle ije (microtubules na microfilaments). Ribosomes na-mechie ma ọ bụ elongated ahu, esịnede abụọ nkeji - nnukwu na obere. Ime ọnụ, na-etolite a ribosome polysomes. Nke a organelle nọ ma prokaryotic sel eukaryotic. Ribosomes egwu a nnọọ ọrụ dị mkpa, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-anakọtara site na amino acid na-edozi. Centrioles - oghere cylinders, nke iso nke triplets na microtubules. Centrioles etolite cell center, nke na-agụnye cell nkewa. Organelles ngagharị bụ oghere ebe akpa-ma ọ bụ filaments nke nwere ike ime na free ụdị na cytoplasm ma ọ bụ ịbụ akụkụ nke flagella, cilia spindle.
Membranous organelles mkpụrụ ndụ na-ekewa n'ime otu na dvumembrannye. site odnomembrannym na-agụnye: EPS (endoplasmic akpụkpọ ahụ), Golgi ngwa, lysosomes, vacuoles (hụrụ na osisi na -alụbeghị di-celled ụmụ anụmanụ).
Endoplasmic reticulum - ọtụtụ netwọk nke ọwa mmiri na cavities na-ezu dum cell. Kewara n'ime ezigbo onye na ike ike. Ezigbo EPS nwere enzymes na-ekere òkè na carbohydrate na abụba metabolism. Ike ike EPS na-agụnye protein njikọ, nke pụtara na mmasị thereto ribosomes.
Ngwa (mgbagwoju) Golgi na-stacked cavities nke ejikọrọ na EPS. Ọ na-ifịk ke metabolism na guzobere lysosomes.
Lysosomes - obere ahazi nwa ehi jupụtara enzyme nke bụ ike ịrapara n'ahụ ndị "ntiwa" organelles na dum na mkpụrụ ndụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ọ nwere a na-echebe ọrụ.
Dvumembrannye cell organelles - mitochondria na plastids dị iche osisi. Ha mma - ọnụnọ nke abụọ membranes, na elu na ime. The elu (mpụga) rụrụ mgbanwe akpụkpọ ahụ ọrụ na mmekọrịta ndị a organelles mkpụrụ ndụ na ndị ọzọ mmiri, na n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ forms ogige, ohere nke dị n'agbata ha jupụtara na matriks - mmiri mmiri umi. Esịtidem folds na-akpọ cristae nke mitochondria na plastids -hloroplastov - grana. Ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ organelles nwere RNA na DNA. Mitochondria synthesize ATP, nke ekemende na-eje ozi dị ka isi iyi energii.Funktsiya plastids ga-adabere na ha na agba - colorless (ma ọ bụ leucoplasts) bukọta carbohydrates, akpan akpan starch; odo, oroma, red (ma ọ bụ chromoplasts) - enye agba nke okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi; green chloroplasts - enye njikọ nke ATP, na carbohydrates.
Basic cell organelle, a ikpe eri n'etiti cytoplasm na akpụkpọ ahụ na-etolite a otu integral usoro.