Colombia - osimiri nke dị mkpa. Ebe bụ Colombia (osimiri)? Njirimara nke mmiri

Colombia - osimiri, emi odude ke North America, na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Afrika. Ogologo ya bụ banyere 2 puku kilomita. Ọ na-aga site na Washington, Oregon na British Columbia. Power ọkacha ice; ugbu a na-akwụsị akwụsị ke uwa. Full-etoola iyi na elu mgbanwe ezigbo ọnọdụ hydroelectric ike osisi. Ọ bụ ebe ndị a na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik ọzọ rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.

Inflows

Colombia - osimiri nke ise na agba, nke nwere ihe karịrị 50 tributaries.

• The kasị ibu nke ha - na agwọ. O wuru ọtụtụ dams. Nke mbụ bụ na Grand Coulee, Rock Island. Ihe na-akpali bụ eziokwu bụ na mgbe confluence nke agwọ River bụ ogologo oge, na ọ bụ ihe na-enye ohere ị na ịzụlite ya ọtụtụ n'ịkụ azụ ụlọ ọrụ. The ebe nke ya efere na a karịa ngụkọta size nke Columbia River.
• Uillamentt. Otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu tributaries. Kachasinu osimiri na United States: ekpuchi 301 km. Aga, na-ekpuchi dum n'ókèala nke State of Oregon, Cascade Ugwu, Coast iche. Mgbe confluence nke Columbia ya e wuru na Portland - obodo kasị ukwuu.

• Kootenay. Ọ na-ewe ebe British Columbia, Idaho na Montana. Ọ dị mkpa ka a tributary nke osimiri ahụ. Ogologo ya bụ ubé karịa 700 km. The isi iyi na-emi odude Biverfute (riiji) sotere mmiri na-gburugburu eru site East Columbia, United States, na-abịa azụ Canada. Ike na-ọnọ site kpụkọrọ.

• Lake Pend Oreille. Nke atọ kasị ukwuu tributary nke osimiri ahụ. Aga n'ebe ugwu Idaho, n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Washington na n'ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ British Columbia. Ogologo panda Orey bụ naanị 209 km. Ọ na-esite na Montana. Ngụkọta nke ebe efere bụ 66 puku kilomita (na niile Horse).

mmiri oriri

Oriri nke mmiri Colombia - osimiri, nke enyene-anọ ebe n'etiti niile US mmiri akwara. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle eruba, ọ bụ kpam kpam onye ndú n'etiti North American mmiri iyi na-asọpụta n'ime Pacific Ocean. Na ebe adjoin America na Canada, mmiri esịmde 2700 m / s. Na nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ (1894), nke a na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'ógbè nke Te Dulce mụbara site ọtụtụ puku ugboro - ruo 35 000 m / s. Ugbua na XX narị afọ (1968), mmiri oriri e budata belata - 340 m / s.

migrating azụ

Nyere na, ebe bụ Colombia, osimiri bụ ọgaranya azụ, na-ebili nke oké osimiri. Ọtụtụ nnọchiteanya nke mmiri umu, dị ka salmonids (egwurugwu trout, Chinook, coho). Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị ọbịa na-na Sturgeon na igwu mmiri na mmiri a a ugboro ole na ole ná ndụ ya. Mgbe 1867 malitere iwu ụlọ mmepụta ihe, salmon bi ebelata budata. N'ihi ya, a e tiri iwu ahụ machibidoro azu Trolling.

Tumadi na azụ Mbugharị emetụta wuru dams na levees, nke, ọ ga-kwuru, bụ ọgaranya nke-uku DC. River n'ihi na ha nwere a na-adịghị ike na-emekarị n'ebe ụfọdụ. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ighe ke otu okenye iyi. Na mbụ, na njem ha site na oké osimiri adịghị karịa izu atọ n'ime osimiri, ma ugbu a nke a na ọnụ ọgụgụ amụbawo dịkarịa ala ugboro abụọ. Ndị a temporal mgbanwe budata ụba n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọnwụ, nke na-eduga ikpochapu. Na elu esịmde nke osimiri bi ụdị nke azụ na-agaghị aga ala na oké osimiri na-apụghị ga-esi na ndị ọzọ akụkụ nke mmiri n'ihi dams. Nke a budata ebelata ha hà bi.

E nwere ụfọdụ ụdị azụ, ndị nnọchiteanya ahụ nke nwere ike na-ebi n'okpuru mgbe nile okpomọkụ na ngwa ngwa oruru. Ukwuu n'ime ha na-eri nri na salmon ighe. Nke ahụ bụ ihe kpaliri ndị ọchịchị obodo ahụ ịmụta a iwu na nkwalite nke azu fauna.

gburugburu

Colombia - osimiri, nke bụ nnọọ ihe ruru unyi. Ke adianade nuclear n'efu nime ya ọdịda na ndị ọzọ na-emerụ bekee na ogige, akpan akpan, arsenic, pesticides, biphenyls, bacteria. N'ihi na ihe ọjọọ gburugburu ebe obibi na ọdọ mmiri na na osimiri azụ na-hụrụ na a otutu nsị. Nke a abụghị nanị na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke aquatic ụmụ anụmanụ na-eme ka ikpochapu nke umu, ma na-emerụ ahụ ike nke onye na-eji ha. Onye mgbe niile na-arụ ọrụ ka mma mmiri àgwà ma weghachi eke itule.

Dị ka Columbia River hydropower (foto ya adade ke ibuotikọ) na-họọrọ akpa ke US na Canada. Ọ e wuru 14 hydropower osisi. Ọ dịwo mara na n'oge iju mmiri ahụ, mmiri n'elu a anya, ọ achọgharị dum gbara ya gburugburu ebe.

The kasị dị ịrịba ama mgbanwe ndị e mere iji Roosevelt, president nke ala. Ọ gbanwere ọnụ, malitere iwu nke dam na mmalite nke XX narị afọ. Mgbe ya na-ewu mmiri larịị bilie site karịa 100 m. Ọ bụ ekwe omume ike a na-esite.