Echiche na ụdị nke masonry

Masonry - bụ a ụlọ Ọdịdị esịnede brik ma ọ bụ nkume tọrọ na ngwọta, na-agba ibu nke ya arọ na arọ nke bughi ọcha, nke na-dabere na ya. Masonry mere na a n'usoro, na-eme kwes na ụda egbochi ihe ọrụ.

Masonry ọrụ, iche iche na ụdị nke na-ewu ngwọta: ciment, wayo-ciment na wayo.

E nwere ụfọdụ ụdị nke masonry:

- siri ike. Na nke a ipigide bụ nke ụdị a siri ike, integral monolith;

- lite. Na ụdị masonry akụkụ na-anọchi gwara mmanụ na ihe onwunwe ma ọ bụ bụ ntụ oyi akwa. The kasị ahụkarị ụdị ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka a kolodtsevoy masonry, brick na ihe arịlịka na a atọ-n'usoro diaphragms na esịtidem mkpuchi na ikuku ọdịiche;

- mesikwuru. Ndị dị otú ahụ ụdị brickwork mesikwuru na metal mkpara ma ọ bụ grids. Ọ nwere ike na-etinyere ma longitudinal na transverse mkwado.

Na ụdị, masonry nkume na brick, ukwuu n'ime, nwere udi nke igbe, ebe niile ihu ha ọkachamara utu aha. Ya mere, nnukwu ebe n'akụkụ, kwuru na dị ka elu na ala nke bed, na ha tiyere ndi nkume na ngwọta, obere n'akụkụ ihu na-akpọ butting, na ogologo - spoons.

All n'ohu masonry nwere onwe ha aha, ya mere, oké usoro a na-akpọ a mile, si n'ihu bụ n'èzí kilomita site n'ime nke ụlọ - esịtidem verst. Ọ bụrụ na e versts n'etiti ahịrị nke masonry, ha na-akpọ zabutovochnymi (akwado).

Ọ bụrụ na usoro a na-tọgbọrọ dị otú ahụ n'ụzọ na eyi anya spoons - usoro akpọ ndina, ma ọ bụrụ na onye pụrụ ịhụ butting - ọnụ ọgụgụ nke bonder. The elu nke usoro mejupụtara masonry brik na elu nke vetikal ọkpụrụkpụ nke ngwọta oyi akwa, nke, na, ná nkezi, nwere a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 1.2 cm. The obosara ezipụta obosara nke masonry mgbidi na-aghaghị ịbụ a otutu nke ọkara a brick. Mgbe ịchọpụta na ọ na-sonye na akaụntụ ọkpụrụkpụ nke vetikal seams na, ná nkezi, a uru bụ 1.0 cm.

Ụdị ọ bụla nke brickwork ga nwere a kwụ mgbakwasa. Emepụta ligation brick masonry site a kpọmkwem pụrụ isi chọta nke nkume na-akpọ ligation usoro. bandaging usoro bụ otu n'usoro ma ọ bụ ogologo (na nke a, ligation nke masonry kpụrụ zipụta ha n'usoro nwetụ ndina na bonder usoro), multi-ahiri (ise sequentially stacked ndina usoro ligated otu nragide), na atọ n'usoro (atọ lozhkovyh nọmba ligated nragide, agaghi asu ukem ini seams kwere lozhkovyh n'ohu vetikal).

Dabere na adianade do, ngwọta na-etinyere ụfọdụ ductility na ihe ndị a chọrọ maka àgwà nke n'ihu n'akụkụ (n'okpuru rasshivku ma ọ bụ plaster) ịmata ndị na-ewu nke ndị dị otú ahụ ụzọ brickwork:

- vprizhim. Ịtọ mụụrụ na a plastic ma ọ bụ ike ngwọta, e nyere ahịrị ike-agbasa dị ka a ndina, na bonder;

- vprisyk. Ịtọ mụụrụ na plastic ngwa agha, stitches na n'ihu n'akụkụ na-adịghị kpamkpam jupụtara, ọ dịghị achọ na ojiji nke a trowel na plaster mgbidi n'elu-achọ;

- vprisyk na trimming ngwọta. Ịtọ mụụrụ na plastic ngwa agha, stitches na n'ihu n'elu kpamkpam jupụtara;

- vpoluprisyk. Eji maka edo na azụ ndochi.

Àgwà nke masonry-achịkwa site na-arụ ọrụ Eserese na ụlọ ụkpụrụ. Mason, na-arụ ọrụ ha, ga-hụ ezi ligation usoro, na-ejuputa na onuete ọkpụrụkpụ, na vetikal akụkụ na kwụ n'ahịrị, ọnụnọ na correctness nke echichi nke arịlịka na metal agbụ, n'elu quality na n'ihu n'akụkụ - nhọrọ brick nlere ya na agba na ụkpụrụ, grouting .