Gịnị bụ ihe atụ interactionism?

Na dịkọrọ ndụ sociological sayensị, e nwere ụfọdụ nnọọ isi chepụtara na a pụrụ ịkpọ a paradigmatic. Atụ Interactionism - otu n'ime ndị a chepụtara, nke dabeere na eziokwu na interactions (interactions) nke ndị mmadụ na otu ime site nke nkwurịta okwu, nke dabeere na mmepụta na ude nke ụfọdụ odide. Mmadụ ime ihe mkpali nke mpụga eke na-elekọta mmadụ na ụwa udiozi, akọwara eziokwu oyiyi, ihe ịrịba ama na akara na agwa ndị a na akara na usoro nke interpersonal nkwurịta okwu. Atụ interactionism, a ma ama na ndị nnọchiteanya nke bụ ndị na American ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị sociologists John. G. Mead (1863-1931) na G. Bloomer (1900-1986), nyocha na-elekọta mmadụ interactions na ha atụ ọdịnaya. Ihe bụ isi echiche nke a Ozizi - mmekọrịta (Mmekọrịta) nke bụ mgbanwe nke odide.

J. atụ interactionism. Mead dabeere na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe yiri nke ahụ bụ eziokwu banyere onye na-kpebisie ike site ya ahụmahụ ndị ọzọ, na karịsịa banyere ụwa, onwe gị na ndị ọzọ, nke mere na ọ bụ mkpa ọhụụ ahụ ma na ihe atụ ụkpụrụ nke na-elekọta mmadụ eziokwu nke ndị ọzọ. Dị ka John. Meade obodo na-elekọta mmadụ na onye (na-elekọta mmadụ "m") mere na set nke usoro nke interindividual interactions. Atụ interactionism ozizi na-egosi na ihe nnọchianya pụrụ ịpụta ihe ihe, omume ma ọ bụ onu, na-agụnye ụfọdụ ụmụ mmadụ na mmeghachi omume ya, nke nwere ike kwupụtara na ụfọdụ na-elekọta mmadụ na-eme ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na-agwa. Ke adianade do, ihe nnọchianya - bụ a ụzọ nke ndị mmadụ ike ikwurịta okwu na-emekọ na ndị ọzọ. atụ interactionism na sociology dabeere na nkọwa nke àgwà ụmụ mmadụ, nke na "anya" na akara na-ebu ihe bara uru ozi ndị mmadụ.

The isi n'uru nke John. Mead ọ bụ mepụtara Njije àgwà Ozizi, dika nke onye, ya n'echiche na kpọmkwem atụmatụ na-ekpebisi ike site na executable ya na-elekọta mmadụ ọrụ na-eme ihe nke onye na nke a bu a Nchikota ya na-elekọta mmadụ ọrụ, e weghaara na asụsụ usoro nke na akara na ndị ọzọ ihe atụ na usoro. Site n'usoro nke doo nke na-elekọta mmadụ ọrụ nke onye na-amalite ya onwe - a onye nwere ikike na-ewetara onwe ya dị ka ihe ọ na-eche echiche.

mmadụ selfhood na ya mmepe nwere ihe abụọ nkebi:

1) The ogbo nke egwuregwu, mgbe nwa-amalite na-egwu a ọrụ na-abụghị nke ya (onye nkụzi, dọkịta, pilot);

2) mpi ogbo, mgbe na-ewere akụkụ na mpi, nwa na-ahụ onwe ya n'anya ụmụ ndị ọzọ.

Ọ bụla na-elekọta mmadụ otu . Nke na-enye onye a n'echiche nke nzukọ, J. Mead-akpọ nke a: "generalized ọzọ." Onye ọ bụla na-ahụ ya na okwu nke "generalized ọzọ."

A na-eso ụzọ na-eso ụzọ Jọn. Mead American ọkà mmụta sayensị Herbert Blumer mepụtara bụ isi postulates nke ozizi. Site G. Bloomer atụ interactionism dabeere ihe atọ bụ isi ụkpụrụ:

1) Man anya mee ihe na-adabere na nke ụkpụrụ, nke ọ na-enye aka akpọkwa, ihe na phenomena, kama na-eme ka mpụga eke na-elekọta mmadụ na ịkpali;

2) Atụ ụkpụrụ na-ọ bụghị dị ka ofu, mgbe nile, tupu chepụtara, otú na-kere, webata na mgbanwe interactions;

3) Atụ ụkpụrụ bụ n'ihi nke agwọ ọrịa rụrụ na na mmekọrịta ebube (mmekọrịta).

N'ọrụ ya G. Bloomer atụle n'ụzọ zuru ezu mkpokọta omume nke ndị mmadụ, nke na-adabere n'otu ihe, akara, na-atụ anya na-akọrọ site a na-elekọta mmadụ otu. Nke a Ọtụtụ a maara omume nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na otu, ma mgbe ụfọdụ n'amaghi otu omume, dị ka ihe nke ìgwè mmadụ, egwu, wdg Nke a na omume nwere ike ime na ọnọdụ nke imebi nke nabatara ụkpụrụ, na-emebu iche nke ịdị adị. H. Blumer, tinyere n'amaghi iche iche nwekwara amụ anụ forms of na-elekọta mmadụ omume - na-elekọta mmadụ mmegharị, na mmegharị na mba revival, na a doro anya nzukọ Ọdịdị na kpụrụ na ndabere n'otu ihe.