Great n'Ọzara: nkọwa, ebe, ọdịdị mbara ala

On na mbara ala anyị, e nwere ọtụtụ ebe na-mmasị ọ bụghị nanị na-eme nnyocha na ndị ọkà mmụta, ma nkịtị njem. Nke a bụ ugwu ndị dị elu, impenetrable ọhịa, ọhịa osimiri. Ma n'isiokwu a, anyị ga-ịme ka ị oké nādighi nke ụwa. Ị na-eche na ndị a buru ibu ebe na-adịghị akpali nnọọ mmasị inyocha. Mgbe na-agụ isiokwu anyị, ị ga-aghọta na nke a n'uche bụ hiere ụzọ.

Ebe bụ Great n'Ọzara?

Na-akparaghị ókè elu elu ugwu dị larịị nke dị n'agbata Cordillera na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na Central n'Ọzara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. The na-eme nnyocha nyere aha nke ókèala - Akwa n'Ọzara. The kọntinent nke North America bụ ma ama na ndị Central n'Ọzara, ma Great dị iche iche karị, akọrọ ihu igwe na sedimentary nkume. N'okpuru a oyi akwa nke loess nkume na ọhịa na-edina strata nke Paleogene na Cretaceous nkume. Ebe ọ bụ na e nwere na-ukwuu n'ime adịkwaghị steppe ahịhịa, mgbe kwuru na dị ka ndị Great n'Ọzara Prairie ala dị larịị.

The continental idụhe, ọnọdụ (kama elu) elu oké osimiri, mfe erodibility ala ghọrọ ihe nke mmepe na ebe ndị a nke ozize. The kasị mara mma nke enyemaka - gullies. Ozize mgbe iru gigantic otosịrị iru - puku hectare otu ugboro-tụụrụ ala ghọọ wastelands.

Great n'Ọzara: Akụkụ

Nke a foothill ala dị larịị na Canada na United States na-emi odude n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Rocky Ugwu. Ya elu site 800 na 1700 mita n'elu oké osimiri. Ogologo - puku atọ na narị isii kilomita. Obosara - si na narị ise na narị asatọ kilomita. The map na-egosi na nke a bụ nnukwu ebe - Great n'Ọzara. N'ógbè ha bụ 1300000 square kilomita.

enyemaka

Plain erukwa maka 3600 km site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda. Ha na-anọchi anya a heterogeneous ókèala. Na ala, Canada (Saskatchewan River Basin) bụ ya n'ebe ugwu - Alberta Plateau. Ọ na-adịkwaghị moraine landforms. Plateau dị iche iche ọhịa Okirikiri, emi odude na sod-podzolic Ona. Ugboro na ụfọdụ Aspen Asherim.

The ọdọ mmiri Missouri (Missouri Plateau) na-ekwu wavy moraine enyemaka na a siri ike erosive dismemberment, steppe ahịhịa nke Aspen na birch Asherim, iche site na forb steppes. Dị otú ahụ teren njirimara Ishimskaya Steppe (South Siberia). Ke n'etiti ala dị larịị bụ a n'usoro ọgwụgwụ moraines.

South nke Missouri Plateau bụ a dị larịị elu na mbara ọzara. Ebe ndị a na-adịghị emetụta glaciation; n'elu dissected site osimiri, ubé undulating. E nweghị oké ọhịa ahịhịa - a dị larịị na-adịkwaghị grassland steppe, biri kpuchie ndagwurugwu. Na nke akụkụ a nke Great n'Ọzara dịwo akọ, na ozize na-karịsịa na-aga n'ihu.

Ọzọkwa ndịda e a dị larịị Llano Estacado. Ọ nwere a ọzọ boo enyemaka, nke na n'ebe ụfọdụ na-diluted sinkholes. The ọkụkụ nke steppe dị larịị, i nwere ike izute otu columnar cactus na yucca.

Ke ata ndịda nke Great n'Ọzara bụ Edwards Plateau, nke anya yiri a odida obodo ndị gbara ha gburugburu ebe nke Mexico na ya e ji mara succulents (yucca, cacti). Nke a dị larịị dissected ubé dị iche predominance nke chestnut Ona.

anụmanụ ụwa

Great n'Ọzara, n'ógbè nke bụ nnukwu, dị iche nnọọ a dịgasị iche iche fauna, nke na-na ejikọrọ na odida obodo agwa. Ke edere edere akụkụ i nwere ike ịhụ na mbara ọzara Bison, pronghorn ele, na n'ebe ndịda na etiti na mpaghara na-bi steppe nkịta ọhịa, wolf, n'elu nkịta. Nke nnụnụ na-agbasa n'elu agụ nkwọ na n'elu ọkụkọ.

Russian larịị

Ndị ọkachamara na-na-ezo dị ka ebe nke East European Plain. Nke a bụ a n'ezie eke pantiri of Russia. Na-ekpe ikpe maka onwe gị: ntọala ya na-edina na coal, ígwè ore, mmanụ eke gas, na ndị ọzọ bara uru ego. Ya tụụrụ ala, dị ka ndị ọkachamara, nwere ike mfe na-eri nri ndị Russia.

Great Russian Plain bụ nke abụọ kasị ukwuu n'ụwa, nke ọ bụ nanị na Amazon mpaghara. Ọ bụ na ndagwurugwu. Si n'ebe ugwu ya na-asa site na White na Barents Oké Osimiri, na Caspian, Azov na Black - n'ebe ndịda.

Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ oké ihe nādighi nke ụwa, Russian na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'akụkụ ugwu - na Sudeten, na Carpathians, ke edem edere-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ya egbochi Scandinavian ugwu ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na Urals na Mugodzhary, na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - Caucasus na Crimea Mountains .

akụkụ

Russian larịị erukwa site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ site na 2.5 puku kilomita. Si n'ebe ndịda ruo n'ebe ugwu - na 2750 kilomita. Ngụkọta nke ebe - ise na ọkara nde square kilomita. Oke elu na-aha n'ugwu Yudychvumchorr (Kola Peninsula - 1191 mita). The kasị ala mgbe bụ Caspian Sea, ya e ji a mwepu uru nke -27 mita.

Na ókèala nke Russian Plain ikpe ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ime mba ndị dị ka:

• Kazakhstan.
• Belarus.
• Lithuania.
• Latvia.
• Poland.
• Moldova.
• Russia.
• Estonia.
• Ukraine.

enyemaka

Na enyemaka nke Russian Plain na-adịkwaghị ụgbọelu. Dị otú ahụ ala ọnọdụ na-enye a obere ala ọma jijiji na mgbawa ugwu ahụ.

hydrography

Isi akụkụ nke mmiri nke Russian Plain nwere ihe tinyekwa na oké osimiri. South na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke osimiri ahụ bụ ndị nke Atlantic bezin. River edere edere mpaghara ịdaba Arctic Ocean. N'ebe ugwu bụ osimiri Onega, Mezen na Northern Dvina Pechora. N'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ osimiri igba n'ime Oké Osimiri Baltic. Nke a bụ ndị Western Dvina, Vistula, na Neman, na Neva wdg Dniester na Dnieper, Southern Bug adaba na Black Sea, na Don - .. Na Azov.

ihu igwe

Russian larịị dị iche iche ọnọdụ continental idụhe. The nkezi okpomọkụ okpomọkụ nwere ike ịbụ -12 degrees (Barents ebe) na +25 degrees (na na Caspian ịda mbà n'obi). The kasị elu oyi okpomọkụ dere na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Na ebe ndị a, ikuku okpomọkụ bụ n'okpuru -3 Celsius C. Na Komi, a ọnụ ọgụgụ esịmde 20 degrees.

Ọdịda n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na ọdịda 400 mm (n'ime otu afọ), n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ha okpukpu abụọ. Natural ebe ịdị iche iche site ọkara desert na ndịda tundra n'ebe ugwu.

China larịị

On a doo m n'aka na ọtụtụ ndị nụrụ okwu ahụ, ma ebe bụ Great China Plain nwere ike amaghị ihe niile. Otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na mbara ọzara na Asia. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ya na-asa site na Yellow Sea, edere edere ịgba nke Yanshan Mountains ma n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - na Taihang ugwu. Ya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ mkpọda bụ nkpoda ọnụ ọnụ ugwu, ịdị elu nke ihe karịrị otu puku mita. N'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ-ridges odude Dabeshan na Tunboshan. Ngụkọta nke ebe ihe nādighi - karịrị 325 puku square kilomita.

Na Piedmont, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, nke na-emi esịnede oge ochie alluvial akwado, a larịị mgbe elu esịmde otu narị mita. Nso oké osimiri ọ dara erughị iri ise mita.

enyemaka

On n'ụsọ oké osimiri bụ fọrọ nke nta ewepụghị larịị, anya nanị obere deviations. E nwere ala mmiri na-arụ site obere ọdọ mmiri ọnụ. N'ime na mbara ọzara bụ Shandong n'ugwu.

osimiri

Na mgbakwunye na kasị ukwuu nke Yellow River, Huaihe River eru ebe a, Haihe. Ha na-ji a kama nkọ fluctuations na eruba na mmiri udu-ekwe ka ọchịchị.

Oke okpomọkụ runoff bụ mgbe ukwuu karịa spring dịkarịa ala fọrọ nke nta ka otu narị ugboro.

ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe

China Plain bụ dị iche iche mmiri udu subtropical idụhe. N'oge oyi oge ebe a akọrọ na oyi na-atụ ntụ nke na-abịa site na Asia. Na January, nkezi okpomọkụ bụ hà -2 ...- 4 degrees.

Na okpomọkụ, ikuku tọọ ruo +25 ... + 28 degrees. Kwa afọ mmiri ozuzo ruo 500 mm nke mmiri ozuzo n'ebe ugwu na ruo 1000 mm n'ebe ndịda.

ahịhịa

Iji ụbọchị, ọ bụghị nọ na-eto n'ebe a n'iru oké ọhịa na ihe admixture nke sub-okpomọkụ evergreens. E nwere Asherim nke ash na osisi, arborvitae, poplar, pine.

The Ona ndị tumadi alluvial, nke undergone ịrịba mgbanwe ugbo nhazi.

Amazonian larịị

Nke a bụ onye kasị ukwuu larịị na ụwa. Ọ na-ekpuchi ebe ihe karịrị 5 nde square kilomita. Ya kacha elu - 120 mita.

Sara Mbara ebe di ala ala njikọ chiri na ndụ nke Amazon River - kasị catchment ebe n'ụwa. A nnukwu akụkụ nke ya n'ókèala na floodplain nke osimiri anya mmiri, na-akpata guzobere apịtị dị ebe (marshes).