Hydrochloric acid: physico-chemical Njirimara, nkwadebe na iji

Lekwasị hydrochloric acid na-eji na-emepụta ọgwụ analysis, maka ọgwụgwọ nzube na-eji itughari. Na State Pharmacopeia ndị pụrụ iche tebụl na nke na-ekpebi na pasent acid ọdịnaya nke okenye ihe ngwọta. Iji mee nke a, dị nnọọ mkpa ịmara na ya kpọmkwem nnukwu mpo.

Iji a tebụl, ị nwere ike ezigbo mfe elele ịta nke acid ngwọta. Ot (bụghị ezi ezu) acid ngwọta nwere ike ngwa ngwa kwadebere iji nkịtị ụzọ. Ka ihe atụ, hydrochloric acid nwere a kpọmkwem nnukwu mpo nke 1,19, i.e. nwere 37% HC1. Iche na ọ dị mkpa iji kwadebe 100 ml nke 10% acid. Iji mee otú ahụ, ka a kwekọrọ ekwekọ hà: ọ bụla 100 akụkụ site arọ nke dị HC1 ẹdude 37 akụkụ nke hydrogen chloride. N'ihi na anyị kwesịrị iji kwadebe a 10% ngwọta, ọ ga-ebu iri akụkụ kwa ọgu arọ akụkụ nke ihe ngwọta.

Ya mere, na nke a X - bụ a bara uru nke ga-egosi otú ihe na-akụkụ site arọ nke 37 percent ngwọta, diluting na mmiri na-100 akụkụ site arọ, iji nweta 10% ngwọta:

100-37

X-10

X = 100 * 10/37 = 27 akụkụ site na ibu ibu.

Hydrogen chloride - nnọọ na-egbu egbu umi nke nwere ike ime ka oké Burns nakwa dị ka dum organism toxicity. Dị ka ihe ngwọta maka nsí HC1 were Magnesia. Iji neutralize acid nwekwara ike ga-eji na soapy mmiri, sprayed anụmanụ unyi, mmiri ara ehi, dị iche iche nke kpuchiri isi.

Igbu egbu asịd site n'ọnụ ekwesịghị kenyere emetics, nakwa dị ka ojiji nke ọgwụ n'ime nwere carbonated alkali. Ọ bụrụ na nsi afo a na-asa na oké mmiri ichekwa mmiri na a nyocha. Good rụpụtara na-enwetara site na-agbakwunye mmiri ka magnesium oxide adịghị ọcha. Na ọnụnọ nke mpụga Burns asịd, ndị dọkịta nwere ike ikwu na ebe a na-mmeri maka a ogologo oge na-asa na mmiri. UBI ọkụ na ya gbaa e ọcha na-agwaghị agwa ethanol wee wetara a slurry nke sodium bicarbonate, na n'elu ya - mmanya fere fere.

Hydrogen chloride bụ n'ụzọ zuru okè soluble n'ime mmiri. Na 0 C ͦ otu olu nke mmiri dissolves narị mpịakọta nke gas. Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, na ụlọ ọrụ na ọbụna akụ na ụba mba na-nnọọ na-eji hydrochloric acid. Ya usoro na-anọchi anya hydrogen na okirikiri ọkụ n'isi - C1.

HC1 Kwadebere na isi chemical ụlọ ọrụ hlorovodorodistogo nke gas etinye obi gị dum site na mmiri. Chloride, hydrogen na-emepụta site na omume na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid na sodium chloride.

ọcha Test

E nwere ụfọdụ ndị chọrọ:

- hydrochloric acid na ya mejupụtara anaghị nwere arọ metal salts, nitric, nitrous na sulphurous asịd, free chlorine na arsenic;

- kwere na-adịghị mkpa metụtara nke ígwè salts, free C1 adịghị nwere ike meghere site mmeghachi omume: C12 + 12 + 2K1-2KS1;

- n'ihi na mkpebi siri ike nke adịghị nke sulfurous acid kwadebere ngwọta nke ayodiin na potassium iodide egosi - sodium Starch-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba nke ngwọta na ọnụnọ nke sulphurous acid na-chaa n'ime 30 sekọnd

- ịrịba fọduru na evaporation 10 grams nke acid ekwesịghị gafere 0.01 percent (ịnweta adịghị).

The quantitative analysis rụrụ site titration na sodium hydroxide ngwọta na ọnụnọ nke methyl oroma egosi. HC1 kwere ọdịnaya acid 24,8-25,2%.

Hydrochloric acid a gụnyere ke mejupụtara na ndu oke mmiri. Ihe atụ, na gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ, ya ịta bụ ruo 0,5%, ọ na-enyere gbarie na-edozi. Itughari HC1 (8.2%) mgbe ndinọ n'ime activates na ntughari nke pepsinogen (proenzyme) n'ime pepsin, enhances secretory ọrụ nke pancreas, na-akwalite ije afo ọdịnaya ka eriri afọ. Ọ na-egosipụta antibacterial mmetụta na ikwu na vegetative na spore microflora. Nke a acid a ndinọ ọnụ maka belata acidity, n'ihi na aṅụ na ọgwụgwọ nke ígwè erughi anaemia.