Iche iche na atụmatụ nke na-elekọta chrysanthemums

Class bipartite Asteridy subclass usoro calycerales, ezinụlọ Asteraceae (Asteraceae), a subfamily nke Asteraceae, perennial ma ọ bụ kwa afọ osisi - niile nke chrysanthemum. Ọ na-eji na-elekọta okooko osisi dị ka a bara uru mbubreyo-osisi, na bụ na-eduga srezochnyh omenala, ogo abụọ mgbe rose na-ewu ewu.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "Golden Flower"

Na Chinese omenala - akwụkwọ, sere, ifuru atụ dị mkpa. Iji nwere anwụghị gwupụtara - a nwa ite na ihe oyiyi nke chrysanthemums, nke 2500 afọ. Oké ozu na-emezu a ole na ole na umu nke chrysanthemums mgbe dị ka ihe àmà nke ya n'usoro ọmụmụ.

Golden-odo inflorescences, nke na-fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụghị dị iche na anụ e ji bụghị nanị dị ka a ji achọ, ma na-dị ka a ọgwụ na oriri osisi.

Na odida obodo chepụta na-ewu ewu ụdị nke green chrysanthemums, foto nke na-anọchi anya ebe a.

Na Chinese chrysanthemum eke agbụ a plurality nke ihe oyiyi. Yellow - anọchi anya a serene obi ụtọ. Chrysanthemum na ntu oyi - eguzogide ma na elu naanị. China kpebiri inye ememe osise nke ndị dị iche iche nke chrysanthemums dị ka a ihe ịrịba ama nke akụ na ụba na uju chọrọ.

Na VII na chrysanthemum m bịara Japan, ebe ọ ghọrọ unofficial ala akara. "Kiku" - anyanwụ, otú ahụ Japanese na-akpọ ya. Nnukwu petals, nke bụ mgbe niile na foto 16, na-anọchi anya na anyanwụ na ụzarị, nke na-enye ndụ. Kiku - ọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ike Chineke, Ekliziastis na obi ụtọ, ihe atụ nke ndị zuru okè.

Na XVIII narị afọ chrysanthemum okụt ya Fans na Europe na America.

Karl Linney, nchoputa nke nhazi ọkwa usoro niile ndụ na Earth, nyere aha chrysanthemum ifuru, nke si n'asụsụ Grik sụgharịa n'aka "ọlaedo ifuru."

Umu anumanu na osisi aha na chrysanthemum iche maka ogologo afọ nke ozuzu ọrụ amụbawo nke ukwu.

N'ihi na a ogologo oge, breeders họọrọ nnukwu iche nke okooko osisi. Ugbu a ọzọ na ndị ọzọ toro ngwakọ Korean ma ọ bụ ubi chrysanthemum.

Description chrysanthemum

Rhizomes na-branched, thickened, emi odude na a omimi nke 25 cm Ha na-guzobere n'okpuru ala stolons -. Elongated n'akụkụ Ome, nke na-emepe emepe mkpumkpu ị ga na epupụta. Ome kwem, mgbe mgbe, branched, a elu nke 25 150 cm. The epupụta na-dissected, ezigbo ma ọ bụ aji.

Ligulate okooko osisi na nkata chọpụta ọdịdị nke nwa osisi. Description na ụdị nke chrysanthemums adade ke International nhazi ọkwa nke Dresden Institute of Horticulture. Kewara 2 iche iche - mfe na Terry. The iche iche na-ekewa ke uzo n'ime klaasị. Group nke mfe chrysanthemums na-agụnye 3 ọmụmụ - nemahrovye, abụọ na anemone. Site na Terry bụ kpebisiri nghọta, ewepụghị, hemispherical, * Tụkwasị na, mgbakọ, pompons, paukovidnye.

All oge a iche na-ekewa:

• large-- mgbe wepụ n'akụkụ buds bụ ike nke na-akpụ inflorescence dayameta nke 1 na 30 cm;

• buketnye (branched) - nwere udi na nnukwu ohia nkata (10-20 cm);

• miniature;

• ji achọ - eji ụzọ dịgasị iche iche nke na-akpụ, nweta buketnye ma ọ bụ nnukwu-ụdị.

Chrysanthemums ndị dabere na ogologo ìhè. Long ìhè enyere iru vegetative uka nke osisi, obere - 14 awa, na-eto ngwa ngwa nke inflorescence. Silnochuvstvitelnye na srednechuvstvitelnye na lonjituudu nke ụbọchị iche na-toro na greenhouses. Anọpụ iche iche na-adabara oghe n'ala.

Usoro iheomume nke okooko iche na-na-akwanyere ùgwù:

• n'oge - oge ntoju si August na October;

• srednepozdnie - si October ka November;

• mgbe e mesịrị - na November na December.

Okooko na-emeghe n'ala gbatịrị ka ọtụtụ frosts.

ekwe iche

Gardeners mara 2 iche iche chrysanthemums - Indian na Korean. Chrysanthemums (umu ọ bụ ndị ọzọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ na oyi na-adabara na-eto eto na-enweghị ihe nchebe ala) bụghị egwu ìhè frosts.

Description na ụdị nke chrysanthemums, na-ekwe nkwa na-eto eto na ọnọdụ climates, nwere ike hụrụ n'okpuru:

1. Aissa - ụdị n'oge okooko, nemahrovy. The okooko osisi na-acha salmon agba, 5 cm n'obosara.

2. Anyasị ọkụ - a ụdị Ewepụ Ihe Mgbochi. The inflorescences nwere a mgbanwe na agba site na ọgaranya red ka odo na n'ọnụ na center.

3. Koreyanochka - blooms ikwusi si July mbubreyo September ìhè oroma nkata.

4. Malchish-Kibalchish - na-egbuke egbuke-acha odo odo okooko enịm na a kọmpat, * Tụkwasị na ohia. Early okooko.

5. Ametist - agbanwe agba na pink-acha odo odo na July na pearly pink na October.

6. Svetozar - Milky-ọcha okooko, Terry. Middle-ọkwa.

7. Turu agwa nne okuko - on columnar ohia a ọtụtụ nke ọchịchịrị-epe okooko osisi na-acha odo odo petals ihu, 4 cm n'obosara.

8. Ebe e wusiri ike - Curbing ọkwa. Ọ blooms ikwusi ruo mgbe ntu oyi ọchịchịrị odo nkata.

9. Ampelnye ọkwa chrysanthemums Morifolium Cascade enye obere, dị ka daisies na okooko osisi.

10. Alec Bedser - na-emezu nke a sheltered n'ala. Oge ntoju na September otu ifuru acha ude na-acha, na a dayameta nke 14 cm.

Chrysanthemum kpuwere akwukwo nri - kwa afọ osisi. Eji na ihe oriri dị ka a na-enye vitamin, minerals, na biologically ifịk bekee. Chrysanthemum kpuwere nwere a siri okpukpo na a oseose uto. Na nri na-aga akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ uka nke osisi. Dị ka ọdịnaya nke antioxidant mgbagwoju bụ nke yiri ka mgbọrọgwụ nke Ginseng. Chrysanthemum morifolium (umu, na iche na adọ ụdị ụfọdụ) na-akọ na greenhouses.

N'ihi nke nhọrọ ọtụtụ iche iche iche na udi ma na agba nke inflorescences, na oge na oge nke okooko.

A chọrọ maka na-eto eto na ọnọdụ

Chrysanthemum, na ụdị na iche na ọ na-ahọrọ nke ọma ịmụpụta na compost ma ọ bụ akọrọ mullein ubé acidic ala. Agaghị ahapụ waterlogging. On ókè ịmụpụta humus na-arụsi ọrụ na-amụba vegetative akụkụ, okooko-adị njọ. Ọ na-eto nke ọma na elu akwa, udo na a na-ekpo ọkụ ebe.

Akuku ihe onwunwe n'ụdị gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ cuttings na-kụrụ n'ala na njedebe nke frosts - na May na June. Mgbọrọgwụ olu akwa na-etinye na ala ozo. N'ihi na akuku ọrụ ị na-ahọrọ oyi n'oge na ụbọchị ma ọ bụ na urukpuru ụbọchị. Dị kụrụ chrysanthemum ndo anyanwụ okwuchi windo. N'ụbọchị mbụ wepu na-eto eto mgbe - ka mbụ pinched. Next nipping na 2 izu - agbasa si elu nke oge ịse.

Chrysanthemums oge ntoju mbụ ma ọ bụrụ na ike ha dimming si awa 18 ka 8 am. N'ụba mmiri na akọrọ ihu igwe na n'oge ịse ibu.

elekọta

2-3 afọ nwere ike ghara toro na otu ibé nile di iche iche nke chrysanthemums. Ma n'ihi na mkpụrụ na-elekọta kwesịrị ịgbasi. Na ala na-ebelata ọkọnọ nke nri na ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa na-egosi. Na ọnwa mbụ nke ọzụzụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ guzobere a ohia - a osisi na-achọ a ala echikwapụ. Tupu biakwa obibia nke mbụ buds bushes mmiri ugboro 3 a izu. Mulching echebe chrysanthemum megide pests na fungal ọrịa. The iji dị ka mulch pine agịga na shredded ogbugbo ma ọ bụ ahịhịa.

Ị chọrọ ime n'oge okpomọkụ udia 3 - tupu budding na mmalite nke budding na okooko oge lush.

Iji nweta a lush ohia pruned ị ga. Pinched a rụrụ na ọnwa nke June. Na osisi na nnukwu okooko osisi n'akụkụ Ome na-ewepụ, na-enye a isi ibu. Na nnukwu-ahapụ 1 ma ọ bụ 2 okporo.

oyi

Ụfọdụ iche Korean chrysanthemum ọma anabata na oyi na-emeghe n'ala akọrọ ebe. Oyi na udu mmiri ala bụ detrimental ka ifuru. Chrysanthemums ka elu ma ọ bụ ala, na-akpata kwachaa na hilling. Mgbe ahụ sheltering spruce alaka. Ọ nwere ike na-kpuchie site osisi igbe na ndị agadi blanket kechie top. Na mmalite nke mmiri wepu ochie ị ga na Ome. Underground n'akụkụ Ome ga-enye ndụ ọhụrụ ka ifuru.

Large-thermophilic chrysanthemum oyi na a na-egbuke egbuke n'ime ụlọ na okpomọkụ nke 5-7 Celsius C. The igbe na-enịm elu ịkpụ osisi. Na biakwa obibia nke izizi mmiri moderately.

amụba

Mkpụrụ na-akụ na ooh n'ala ke mbubreyo oyi. Wụsa na ala adịghị mkpa - na mkpụrụ asiaha n'ìhè. The nwetara Ome e enịm ke ite, ala a na-kụrụ May, na akọwa.

Mgbe cuttings nke ahọrọ cultivars eriri akpa nwa bushes. Mgbụsị akwụkwọ bee azuokokoosisi cuttings na-akụ na igbe ma echekwara mbụ na okpomọkụ 10 ụbọchị, agafeghị oke atọ. Mgbe enịm ke a jụụ ụlọ. Spring si na mgbọrọgwụ apụta apical mkpụrụ, nke iri cuttings maka ịnọgide. Iji nweta mnogostebelny shrub cuttings na-amalite na-ubi si March ka April. Si May ka June, stocking ihe n'ihi na-eto eto nnukwu-odnostebelnyh osisi.

N'oge multiplication site nkerisi ohia igwu mmiri, disassembled n'ime iberibe na kụrụ a ebe ọhụrụ. Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla izizi nwere ya mgbọrọgwụ. Ọ na-atụ aro ka ha kee ohia na-akụ ọ bụla 3 afọ. Nke a nwere mmetụta dị mma n'ebe okooko.

Ahụhụ na ọrịa

White nchara na-kpatara a nje Puccinia horiana, nke bụ isiokwu kwarantaini. On epupụta apụta na-acha ọcha tụrụ, nke ahụ atụgharị aja aja. Ọrịa epupụta na-ada ada. Osisi na-akwụsị oge ntoju.

Mmetụta nke anamorphic dịkwa ka usoro ha na-eme ka akwukwo ntụpọ na azuokokoosisi.

Buds na inflorescences emetụta Alternaria.

California thrips, hothouse aphids, udide mites emerụ chrysanthemums na greenhouses na-emeghe n'ala ọnọdụ.

Kukumba Mozis virus na-ebute site ná site vegetative ịnọgide. Doo na ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ tụrụ anwụ na-ada oyi. Zụlite deformation na Dwarf osisi.

Mbuso pests na fungi eji ọgwụ na ụmụ ahụhụ site spraying.

Root-eriri nematode - a dị ize ndụ ajọ. Na-alụ ọgụ ọ na-adịghị eduga ịga nke ọma. Ahụmahụ Gardeners nwere ike ikwu-egwu ala elu nje bushes na ọkụ.

Ị nwere ike iji ndiife ịgba akwụkwọ iji chịkwaa ụmụ ahụhụ. Ọ bụrụ na aphid bụghị bred na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu, bushes na-asa na soapy mmiri.

Good N'ihi extractor garlic enye 50 g nke gburu garlic 1 cup mmiri na-wụsara. Mgbe minit 30, iyo na tinye 800 ml mmiri. 1.5 iko wepụ diluted na a ịwụ mmiri na-awụfu bushes.

Si pests na ọrịa na-apụghị wepụrụ na-enweghị mgbochi:

1. Ọ dị mkpa ka a miri emi n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ igwu ala saịtị - oyi larvae na pupae na-gburu.

2. Ata ime bụghị nanị na-esote na okooko osisi na na greenhouses, ma ofụri na saịtị.

3. Akuru niile ubi ngwá ọrụ na-ewu nke griin haus.

All ndị dara epupụta si bushes mkpa ka ọkụ.

potted chrysanthemum

N'ihi na nkịtị ibu na ụlọ ma ọ bụ na mbara ihu okooko osisi na-adịghị mkpa a otutu anyanwụ. The kacha okpomọkụ 15 Celsius C. Types potted chrysanthemums na-eto eto nke ọma na peat na ala acidity. The mejupụtara nke ala maka potting agụnye turf na humus ala, nsure nri ma 20% ájá.

The usoro maka cultivation nke:

• 2-3 izu n'okpuru ogologo ụbọchị ìhè na t 20 ° C;

• mgbe ìhè shortened 12 awa na t na-lowered ka 18-20 Celsius C, okooko amalite.

Ọfọn mmiri na sprayed. Na-eto eto okooko osisi na-achọ a transplant n'ime ibu containers. Ọ bụla na ụdị nke chrysanthemums nwere ike toro dị ka a ime. Ụdị ime ụlọ cultivation nke chrysanthemums na ite bụ mma iji sredneroslye - aka 50 cm, ji achọ na melkotsvetnye.

Na-eto eto na greenhouses

Toro na greenhouses n'ụzọ dị iche iche:

1. cuttings si mmalite nke okpomọkụ agafere banye igbe kụrụ oghe n'ala. Ná ngwụsị nke okooko osisi na-kụrụ akụwa. Mgbe ahụ zitere griin haus maka inwekwu okooko.

2. Gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ cuttings nwere ike kụrụ akụwa. Mgbe pulitere ohia ite achọ a ibu olu. Osisi a kụrụ greenhouses ozugbo, na-eleghara na-emeghe n'ala.

3. Accelerated ibu dabeere na oke nke iche, na-ewe n'ime akaụntụ ndu e ji mara nke umu. N'oge vegetative ibu ìhè kwesịrị dịkarịa ala 14 awa, t 18-20 Celsius. Na e guzobere buds ụbọchị shortened 10 awa okpomọkụ e zie 10 Celsius.

Na nke a technology nwere ike oge ntoju na 2-3 afọ. Iji nweta ifuru mmepụta ke chọrọ etiti oge maka na-eto eto iche iche nke chrysanthemums mkpa mma-onwem griin haus, ebe ihu igwe na-usoro, dimming ma ọ bụ elektrodosvechivanie bushes chọrọ iru mmiri larịị.

Iche iche na agba dị iche iche nke ubi chrysanthemums nke na-enịm ke n'elu nke foto.

Southern California, na afọ 30 nke XX narị afọ Gardeners na ulo oru gburugburu gbalịrị ịzụlite hydroponic osisi na dị iche iche nke chrysanthemums. Na cultivation nke ndị dị otú a usoro mechara ha nke ọma.

Ájá na gravel na-eji dị ka a hydroponic substrates.

The uru n'elu a omenala hydroponic usoro a bụ na okooko osisi ga-amị siri ike Ome, epupụta na-egbuke egbuke n'ụba acha inflorescences, guzobere a dị ike na-akpata usoro.

Chrysanthemums, ruru ya ọgwụ Njirimara, mgbe ukwuu blooms na-bara uru ka mmadụ na ahụ ike. All iche na umu - ubi, griin haus, ohia na odnosteblevye - ike gburugburu ya onwe ya a mma microclimate. Allocates bactericides na mkpa mmanụ, na-ejuputa ikuku ilu flavor.

Ọ dịwo mara ọgwụgwọ Njirimara nke ifuru. The epupụta nwere nnukwu ichekwa micronutrients - K, mg, Zn, Se, dị mkpa maka ndụ ndị mmadụ. Na China, kwere na chrysanthemum okooko osisi, brewed na green tii, ntọt ya ume ọhụrụ uto na ọgwụ Njirimara.