Kacher Brovina - ihe ka ọ bụ na ihe bụ nke ya bara uru ngwa? Olee otú Kacher Brovina?

Kacher Brovina bụ onye mbụ mgbaru ọsọ nke akpa oscillations. Ọ nwere ike na-ezukọ na dị iche iche na-arụsi ọrụ ike radio ọcha. N'oge mgbe nzukọ bụ mee ubi ma ọ bụ bipolar transistors, ọ dịkarịa ala - radio akpa (triodes na pentodes). Kacher Brovina echepụta na 1987 site na Soviet radio engineer Vladimirom Ilichom Brovinym dị ka akpa compass mmewere. Ka anyị lee anya na ihe nkowa ihe ụdị ngwaọrụ.

Na-amaghị ama, ohere nke okporo ọkụ ọcha

Kacher Brovina - ụdị generator, gbakọrọ na otu transistor na ọrụ, dị ka nchepụta, na-ewe iwe na ọnọdụ. The ngwaọrụ egosi omimi Njirimara, nke na-akpa azụ ka nnyocha Nikoly naa. Ha adịghị dabara n'ime ihe ọ bụla nke oge a ozizi electromagnetism. O doro anya na, Kacher Brovina bụ ụdị okporo ọkụ arrester, nke na-agbapụta n'ahụ eletrik aga na transistor dabeere crystal, gafere ọtụtụ nzọụkwụ nke na-akpụ ihe electric aak (plasma). The kasị akpali ihe na ime nke ngwaọrụ - bụ na mgbe mmebi nke transistor mgbawa a n'ụzọ zuru ezu weghachiri eweghachi. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na ihe ndabere unit ọrụ eji a reversible nnukwu mmebi, na iche okpomọkụ, nke okporo ọkụ bụ irreversible. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ihe àmà nke mode nke ọrụ nke transistor iduga nanị anọ okwu. Ọ dịghị onye, ma e wezụga nchepụta nke transistor ọrụ na kọwara ngwaọrụ bụghị nyochaworo na zuru ezu. Ya mere nke a bụ nanị otu ihe ọtụtụ ndị chere nke Brovina. Ka ihe atụ, iji gosi "kachernogo" ngwaọrụ mode nchepụta ọnọde ndị na-esonụ bụ eziokwu: ha na-ekwu, n'agbanyeghị ihe polarity nke ngwa oru jikọọ ihe oscilloscope, usu polarity, na-egosi ha na-ziri ezi mgbe nile.

Ma eleghị anya, Kacher - a ụdị igbochi oscillator?

E nwere ndị dị otú ahụ a version. Mgbe eletriki circuit nke ngwaọrụ bụ ike reminiscent nke a generator nke electric gboo. Otú ọ dị, nchepụta akowaputa na ya na ngwaọrụ dị n'adịghị unobvious chọrọ atụmatụ. Ọ na-enye onye ọzọ nkọwa nke anụ ahụ Filiks n'ime transistor. Na igbochi oscillator okporo ọkụ oge meghere dị ka a n'ihi nke ugbu a eruba site eriri igwe isi nzaghachi circuit. The Kacher transistor na-akpọ ndị na-abụghị doro anya n'ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide-emechi (ie. K. Creation electromotive ike na yinye jikọọ na isi okporo ọkụ nzaghachi eriri igwe ka ike iji nweta ya). Mgbe nke a ugbu a na-kpụrụ ìgwè eletriki ebubo na isi mpaghara ka n'ihu ihapu na-uku fọrọ voltaji emepụta nnukwu mmebi. Otú ọ dị, transistors eji Brovin bụghị iji rụọ ọrụ na nnukwu mode. N'ihi na nke a pụrụ iche na usoro e mere Semiconductors. Dị ka nchepụta, ike ga-eji ọ bụghị nanị na bipolar transistors, ma ubi, nakwa dị ka a na redio tube, n'agbanyeghị na ha na-fundamentally dị iche iche physics ọrụ. Nke a na-akpata na-elekwasị anya na-na nnyocha nke transistor na Kačerov, na karịsịa usu mode ọrụ nke dum circuit. N'eziokwu, ndị a ọmụmụ na aku Nikola naa.

The nchepụta nke ngwá

Na 1987 Brovin abuana ke imewe nke compass, nke na-enye ohere ọrụ na-akọwa na akụkụ nke ìhè ọ bụghị site na-ele, ma na-enyemaka nke na-anụ. Ọ na-zubere iji ọdịyo ugboro generator, na-agbanwe agbanwe ụda dị na ọnọdụ nke ngwaọrụ ikwu na ndọta nke mbara ala. Dị ka isi mee igbochi oscillator, melite ya, na n'ihi na ngwaọrụ mgbe e mesịrị na-akpọ Kacher Brovina. Pụrụ ịdabere na generator circuit bụ ekwesị: ọ na-wuru na ndị oge gboo ụkpụrụ, naanị kwukwara nzaghachi loop dabeere na inductance nke isi nke dabeere amorphous ígwè. Ọ modifies permeability maka ala voltaji uru (atụ, na ndọta nke mbara ala). Sound compass na-triggered mgbe nghazi agbanwe dị ka bu n'obi.

n'akụkụ mmetụta

Analysis nke Njirimara nke kpọkọtara circuit kpughere ndị na-adịghị ya na-arụ ọrụ na ot echiche. Ọ hụrụ na n'ókè natara na electrodes nke a transistor tụrụ site oscilloscope dịtụ mma na-adịghị mma okporo osisi nke a voltaji iyi, mgbe nile nwere otu polarity. Ya mere, nke npn transistor nyere a mma mgbaàmà na mkpoko na pnp - adịghị mma. Ebe a bụ ihe a pụrụ isi kwuo ya na-akpali Kacher Brovina. The circuit ngwaọrụ mejupụtara ihe inductance nke n'oge ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ nwere a na-eguzogide nso efu. The generator na-aga n'ihu na-agba ọsọ, ọbụna mgbe na-eru nso a dị ike na-adịgide adịgide magnet na isi. Igwe Ọdụdọ isi-ede, n'ihi na igbochi usoro ịkwụsị n'ihi na nchupu mgbanwe na nzaghachi loop circuitry. Na nke a, na isi adịghị eguzo hysteresis, ọ na-apụghị ahụrụ site Lissajous ọgụgụ. Njupụta nke pulses na mkpoko nke transistor ise ugboro elu karịa ike ọkọnọ voltaji.

Kacher Brovina: bara uru ngwa

N'oge na ngwaọrụ a na-eji dị ka a plasma discharger n'ịwa pulses nke eletriki ugbu a enweghị arcing na prototype ngwaọrụ. Ndị akacha eji duo - Kacher Brovina na naa transformer. Nke a bụ n'ihi na aak aa na arrester, ụkpụrụ, bụ a brọdband eletriki oscillation generator. Ọ bụ nanị n'ihi na ngwá ndị e kere eke nke elu ugboro pulses, dị Nikola naa. Ọzọkwa, nchepụta kere dabeere Katscher ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ, nke ka na-ekpebi ndị zuru uru n'etiti ndị generator na radieshon detector.

ọkà mmụta sayensị shrug

Nkọwa ahụ dị n'elu nke ngwaọrụ na ya na-arụ ọrụ ụkpụrụ (nke nwere ike hụrụ anya) emegide omenala sayensị. The nchepụta chọpụtara na-egosi data atuaha, ọ na-ajụ ihe niile comers ọnụ obibi na paradoxical nha nke afọ nke ya na ngwaọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ nke openness n'okwu a bụghị ma mere ka ọ bụla results, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-apụghị ịkọwa n'ụzọ anụ ahụ Filiks ke okporo ọkụ.

Nke a dị mkpa

Description Katscher Brovina utịp ke nso ohere ga-eleghị anya ụzọ ka spins nke atọm gburugburu bekee. Nke a na-egosi site na nchepụta na nnwale na guzobe nke ngwaọrụ a kaa akara iko ite, nke ikuku na-kpọpụrụ iji belata nsogbu larịị nime ya. N'ihi ya, enweghị ahụmahụ overunity mmetụta nke ga-ekwe ka ngwa na-ewere dị ka a ebighi-ebi ngagharị igwe, bụghị (na wezụga nke n'ezie nwere site ike nnyefe site waya). Nke a mbụ gosiri Nikola naa. Otú ọ dị, o kwere ụgha agụ atụ ihe ike ajụjụ akọwa pulsed, kama inharmonious ọdịdị nke ugbu a eruba na ume n'agbụ Kačerov. Mgbe atụ tester ụdị ngwaọrụ na-haziri maka ma na-adịgide adịgide, ma ọ bụ sinusoidal (harmonic) ugbu a.

Olee ịgbakọta aka ha Kacher Brovina

Ọ bụrụ na, mgbe na-agụ isiokwu a, ị nwere mmasị na-na ngwaọrụ a, i nwere ike wuo ya onwe gị. The ngwaọrụ bụ otú ahụ dị mfe nke na ọ pụrụ ime ka ọbụna a novice hobbyist. Kacher Brovina (atụmatụ nyere n'okpuru) riri gbanwetụrụ NIC 12 V, 2 A, na-erepịakwa 20 watts. Ọ atọghata electric mgbaàmà na ugboro nke 1 MHz na arụmọrụ nke 90%. N'ihi na nzukọ anyị, anyị kwesịrị plastic anwụrụ 80h200 mm. Ọ ga-emerụ ndị isi na sekọndrị windings nke resonator. The dum electronic akụkụ nke ngwaọrụ na-emi odude ke ufọt ọjà. Atụmatụ a bụ kpam kpam ufọk ufene, ọ nwere ike na-agba ọsọ ruo ọtụtụ narị awa na-enweghị a ezumike. Kacher Brovina na samozapitkoy bụ na-akpali n'ihi na ọ bụ ike-amụnye Neon ọkụ na-adịghị jikọọ a anya nke 70 cm. Ọ bụ a dị ịrịba ama ngosipụta ngwaọrụ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ na mahadum lab, nakwa dị ka a na desktọọpụ ngwaọrụ n'ịnọgide ọbịa ma ọ bụ ka dibịa aghụghọ.

Description nzukọ circuitry

The nchepụta na-atụ aro iji nke a bipolar transistor KT902A ma ọ bụ KT805AM (Otú ọ dị, i nwere ike na-anakọta Kacher Brovina FET). The okporo ọkụ mmewere ga-nwetara na a dị ike okpomọkụ ahụ mgbe mkpuchi a thermally conductive tapawa. I nwekwara ike wụnye ngwa nju oyi. Resistors ime iji constants, na capacitor C1 ewepu. First, isi asọfe ga-emerụ site waya 1 mm (4 ibe), mgbe ahụ abụọ asọfe waya bụghị thicker karịa 0.3 mm. The asọfe na-emerụ uko n'aka na-atụgharị. N'ihi nke a, itinye ya n'elu ọgwụgwụ nke tube na-amalite ifufe, promazyvaya conductive nyagide PVA ọ bụla 20 mm. Iji mee ka 800 ibe. Anchoring ọgwụgwụ na solder thereto gwara mmanụ eduzi. The windings ga-emerụ n'otu uzo, ọ dị mkpa na ha na-adịghị emetụ. Ọzọkwa, ọ dị mkpa solder n'elu nke akwa akwa agịga tube na soldered thereto asọfe ọgwụgwụ. Next solder eletriki circuit na-edebe ya na igwe okpomọkụ n'ime plastic tube. Ebe a bụ ndị mbụ unit na-Kacher Brovina.

Olee otú ime ka 'ion engine'?

Malite kpọkọtara ngwaọrụ kacha nta nchegbu - 4 volts, mgbe ahụ, ọ nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite na-amụba, mgbe ọ bụghị na-echefu nyochaa ugbu a. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achịkọta atụmatụ na transistor KT902A, teepu mbanye na njedebe nke agịga na-egosi na 4 volts. Na-amụba voltaji ọ ga-amụba. N'elu na-eru 16 volts ọ na-enyo n'ime a "N'ụbọchị nke abụọ." Na 18-abawanye na odika 17 mm, na na 20 V eletriki discharges ga yiri ezigbo ion engine ọrụ.

ọgwụgwụ

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na ngwaọrụ bụ mbụ na-adịghị achọ ka nnukwu expenditures. Ọ nwere ike na-anakọta gị na nwa gị, n'ihi na ụmụ n'anya na-egwu na "glands". Na ebe a bụ a abụọ uru: ọ bụghị naanị na nwa ọhụrụ ga-abụ na azụmahịa, ọ na-egosi onwe-obi ike. Ọ ga-enwe ike isonye na akwụkwọ ngosi na e kere ya ma ọ bụ na-etu ọnụ na ndị enyi gị. Ònye maara, ma eleghị anya ekele nzukọ ndị dị otú ahụ elementrị toy o nwekwuo mmasị na redio ngwá electronic, na-eme n'ọdịnihu nwere nwa gị ga-abụ na-ede akwụkwọ nke ọ bụla nke mepụtara.