Katidral nke St. Mark na Venice (photos)

Mara mma Venice sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ọtụtụ nka, na-ede uri na egwú ike a ụwa na-ama ọrụ. Nke a abụghị ihe ijuanya. The obodo ebe ndị dị ebube ọdịdị na-n'otu ejikọrọ na-atọ ije na ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọ dịghị onye pụrụ ịnọgide na-enweghị mmasị. Ebe ọ bụla ụlọ bụ a njegharị mma, ma na nke a n'isiokwu na anyị ga na-ewetara gị ihe ndị dị ebube ụlọ - na Katidral nke St. Mark.

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Na Venice, n'ebe nile i nwere ike ịhụ ọtụtụ ihe ncheta raara nye nkwusa ozioma Mark, onye dịwo weere nchebe senti nke obodo. The mbụ uka raara nye Apostle, pụtara na obodo azụ n'afọ 829. Ya isi okpukpe Shinto na ncheta nke St. Mark, nke Venetian-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-Milton si Alexandria.

Mgbe ndị Venice bikwara na hụrụ na ndị Alakụba aghara aghara ime ụlọ nsọ nke Kraịst na n'ọnọdu ha Mee alakụba, ha kpebiri na-onwunwe nke okwuchukwu si ofufe. Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie na-ebu oké ọnụ relic na ụgbọ mmiri, ndị ahịa wee na atọ - na ha tọrọ ezi ozu onwunwe nke senti, na omenala ọchịchị na-ekwu na ụgbọ njem, anu ezi. Saracens ekwusa Islam, agaghị anwa anwa na-emetụ ndị na-adịghị ọcha na ụmụ anụmanụ, ma ọ bụghị ịlele ibu. The nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti nke St. Mark na a ewu ewu nsogbu ke 976 ọkụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-dethroned Venetian gọvanọ Pietro IV Candiano.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke chọọchị ahụ

Katidral nke St. Mark, onye mere eme malitere na 1063, a na-egbu bụghị naanị nkịtị njem nleta. Ha-akwanyere ùgwù ma ka na-anọgide na-amụ ndị ọkachamara na ubi nke ije. N'ileghachi anya na ya na foto a, ọtụtụ na-eche nke obodo ahụ ka Cathedral of St. Mark. N'ezie, n'oge ochie, Venice (Italy).

Na 1071, mgbe katidral na e mebeghị dechara ya, e elu ọnọdụ nke ọhụrụ na-achị obodo - Domenico Selvo. Ọ bụ n'oge ya (1071-1084 gg.) Ọ malitere na mmepụta nke mbụ okirikiri nke Mozis mma nke katidral. Raara ụlọ nsọ 1094 mgbe Vitale Faliero. Nke a onye na-achị (doge) ẹbụk na otu nke veranda, ebe bụ narthex nke temple taa.

St. Mark Katidral, a foto nke ị pụrụ ịhụ na isiokwu a, e wuru pụtara ngwa ngwa - n'ime orú arọ na iri. Ma, ọ bụ mgbe niile na-amụba na mma na-esonụ narị afọ ise.

Na venitsiantsev na-egosi na ịtọrọ nke onwunwe ịmụta Aleksandria, ya mere ha kpebiri ịkpọ "ọrụ ebube" nke ileta foduru. An akụkọ mgbe ochie na-ekwu na ndị bi na obodo e nyere ha iwu na-ebu ọnụ na-ekpe ekpere n'ihi na Jehova na-achọpụta ihe ncheta nke Mark. Na otu ụbọchị, Chineke "ga-anụ" ekpere ụmụ amaala - n'oge otu n'ime ụka ọrụ na kọlụm abụghịzi a marble slab, na ke onu parish hụrụ n'aka nke a senti. O doro anya na-anọgide na - na ihe onwunwe aka chọta a "ọrụ ebube".

Obí banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere

N'ihi na a ogologo oge na Katidral nke St. Mark (Venice) bụ n'obí uka. Na nke a temple ndị kpuwere isi (doji), ma ebe a na ha hụrụ ndị ikpeazụ izu ike ebe. The temple gọziri agha mmeri na Crusades. E ndi-isi usu natara a ngọzi, na-ahapụ anya njem.

Na ochie ndị a mgbidi eze Rom - Frederick m Barbarossa - m kwubiri na nọworo n'udo Alexander III. Enweghị a ukwu Mass na nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti nke ọ na-eri, ọ dịghị obodo ememe. Na square na n'ihu ụlọ ndị mmadụ na-anọgide na-eme mkpọtụ ugbu a ma ama Venetian carnivals na ndị ọzọ na ememe na-ẹkenịmde.

St. Mark Katidral ke Venice: Architecture

O siri ike ịhụ onye ọ bụla esemokwu nzọrọ ahụ a na chọọchị - otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị akpali na yi nkiri. A nnukwu ebube ụlọ na-adọta ndị njem nleta si n'ụwa nile. Gịnị bụ otú mara mma Cathedral of St. Mark? N'okpuru ya arches, dị ka okwu nke n'ọgbakọ - bụ a oké obi ụtọ. Monumental Ọdịdị-ewusi okwukwe na ọcha mkpụrụ obi.

Ma, anyị nwere ike ikwu banyere ụkpụrụ ụlọ atụmatụ pụrụ iche Ọdịdị. St. Mark Katidral, a nkọwa nke nke nwere ike dị na niile guidebooks maka Venice, ọ ise ọnụ ụzọ. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ a ọkpụkpụ na ogidi abụọ tiers. Ọmarịcha Mozis mejupụtara n'elu ọnụ ụzọ show ihe ndị na-na-jikọrọ ya na obo ihe ncheta nke senti na ọdịdị ha na Venice.

A cross domed Cathedral of St. Mark kere na nlereanya nke ụka nke NdŽozi na Constantinople. Dị ka anyị ekwuola, narị afọ ise mgbe e mesịrị gbasaa na maa mma na temple. marble n'ihu na facade nke katidral malitere na 1159. Na XII narị afọ nke mosaics na Central dome na vaults. Baptisery na Capella nkwurịta okwu. Isidore e kwukwara na 1354. Capella Mascolo pụtara na XV narị afọ, nakwa dị ka sacristy. Na ndị na-esonụ, XVI na narị afọ, e nwere a uka nke Zen. The mma nke chọọchị e dechara na njedebe nke XV narị afọ. Nke a na-akwado ya image ke ndise J. Bellini.

Ndị ọkachamara kwuru ihe yiri heterogeneity nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ ekwekọghị nke n'ihu ebe nsọ ahụ. St. Mark Katidral bụ ya ụkpụrụ ụlọ achị. Na-ede nke oru ngo bụ ndị na-ewu nke ndị dị ebube na-amaghị Greek-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-tọrọ ntọala maka ewu nke a Byzantine cross, na ọ na-anyanya anọ dome-ọgwụgwụ, nke ise bụ ihe ndabere.

N'elu isi n'ọnụ ụzọ ka katidral ị pụrụ ịhụ njiko na ihe ịtụnanya Mozis. N'elu isi n'ọnụ ụzọ bụ a mural e sere ngosi gara aga, Ikpe. N'elu ụlọ arụnyere a oyiri nke anọ inyinya ọla. Ọkpụkpụ a kpọta si Constantinople (1204) ka a agha lụtara.

Cathedral onwunwe

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị oge ochie ihe ncheta nke ndị temple bịara ebe a mgbe ọdịda nke Constantinople. Ndị a bụ isi na-agụnye Quadriga emi odude ke n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ facade. Nke a bụ otu, ya na mbụ na-nọ na ngosi nka nke temple. Ke adianade do, a pụrụ iche "ọlaedo ebe ịchụàjà" mere mma Byzantine nna ukwu, na-na akara ngosi "Madonna Nikopeya".

The n'ime ime mma

St. Mark nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti (Venice) na-emetụta onye ọ bụla na-abịa n'okpuru ya arches, nza nke acha marble, mosaics Bible Mpaghara. Ha ogide a nnukwu ebe - karịrị puku mmadụ anọ square mita. Amazing iberibe acha iko na-ẹkenịm na thinnest Ibé akwụkwọ nke gold. Reliquary nkwurịta okwu. Kaa echekwara n'okpuru sachaa jewels na gold ocheeze nke isi ebe ịchụàjà. N'elu ya ka atọrọ ka "ọlaedo ebe ịchụàjà" - a pụrụ iche iconostasis, nke e mere Byzantine nna ukwu 1343, nyere site Venishia.

Mere nke ọlaedo na ọlaọcha gothic etiti mejupụtara 250 thumbnails na Enamel inlaid 2000 semiprecious na oké ọnụ ahịa na nkume. N'elu ebe ịchụàjà, ị pụrụ ịhụ ihe ndị si New Testament na ndụ nke Onyeozi Mark. N'ihi na nnukwu ego nke gold katidral a na-akpọ "Golden nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti".

Taa, Katidral nke St. Mark - a ịrụ ọrụ temple. Daily ọrụ na-ẹkenịmde ke uka nke St. Isidore. Always a ọtụtụ ọrụ, ọ bụghị naanị ndị parish, ma ọbịa ka obodo. Kwa ụbọchị, ị nwere ike ịga na Katidral nke St. Mark na Venice. Emepe awa nke temple dị nnọọ adaba n'ihi na ndị ọbịa - si 9:45 ka 16:00. Ke adianade ihe, na ụlọ nsọ ochie na-agụnye akara ngosi nke Virgin Nikopea na ike martyr Isidore. Ọ bụ ya mere ebe a na-mgbe niile bịarutere Christian njem ala nsọ si gburugburu ụwa.

St Mak Campanile (Venice)

Ya mere na-akpọ mgbịrịgba elu nke chọọchị. Ọ bụ ihe akụkụ nke katidral. Ọ na-emi odude na isi square nke obodo. Si ebe a ị nwere ike ịhụ ihe niile nke Venice, dị ka ịdị elu nke ụlọ bụ 99 mita, ọ bụ ndị kasị elu na Venice.

ya mere eme

Na nke Asatọ na narị afọ, e nwere a elekere ụlọ elu. Ọ gbara ọkụ, bụ nke mere mgbe a àmụmà iku. Na 1514, na obodo e nwere na mgbịrịgba elu, nke nwere ike hụrụ taa. Ọ malitere na-ewu nke ochiagha Grimani. O nwere inweta obi nke ụmụ amaala na ndị ọchịchị obodo, dị ka iso, ọ emezu ya ọrụ, na njikọ na nke ọ pụrụ ikpe. Taa, anyị nwere ike ikwu hoo haa na St Mak Campanile e wuru na Grimani pụtara.

Nke a ụlọ bụ ka ogidi ọkụ maka akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na a nche. N'ihi ya, o na-zuru okè anya gbara ya gburugburu ebe. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ebe a na-ata ahụhụ ma nchu-àjà ndi hụrụ na ahụ-nwoke mmekọrịta. Ha na-enịm ke pụrụ iche ngịga na eyịride si na ụlọ elu.

nkọwa

Campanile St Mark Katidral ise hey, ma onye ọ bụla nke ha na-eburu ya ọrụ. The kasị ibu nke ha dara ụtụtụ, na-agwa ndị bi na na ụbọchị amalitela.

Na 1902, ndị mkpọsa a na-gbawara na otu mgbidi na dara. Ọ dabara nke ọma, ọ dịghị onye e merụrụ ahụ. Na 10 afọ (1912), na ụlọ elu e wughachiri.

Facade loge anọchi anya atọ arches mma n'akụkụ ogidi. N'etiti ha na niches bụ ọla akpụ nke Mercury, Minerva, Apollo. N'oge nwughari na 1912 mpụta facades, nke na-na mbụ mere nke brick, marble nkume tụgbuo ya.