Manor Gorenki: ebe, photos, akụkọ ihe mere eme

Na Moscow, kpọmkwem, na Balashikha ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị na kasị ochie Russian ala. N'ime afọ ya ekesịpde kasị ama ezinụlọ: Dolgorukov na Razumovsky, Tretyakov na Yusupov.

Gorenki manor e wuru na ekpe n'usọ osimiri, n'ebe ndịda nke Vladimir Highway, nke ugbu a na-akpọ Nizhny Novgorod okporo ụzọ. Around a ebube manor ụlọ e kewara iwu ubi, zuru ezu na cascades nke asaa ponds, nke na-partitioned anya n'àgwàetiti na àkwà mmiri. Naanị atọ n'ime ha fọdụrụ ruo ụbọchị anyị. Part nke ala e rere ka onwe nwe site okushon. Ọ dabara nke ọma, isi ụlọ, nakwa dị ka ulo na park ensemble ẹnịm, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị ndị kasị mma ọnọdụ.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke manor Gorenki Balashikha gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na anya gara aga. N'ihi na oge mbụ obodo kwuru na emere n'ubọchi Gorenki esịnede XVI na narị afọ. The mbụ nwe ala a Nr Zakhar'in-Yuriev - nwanne nwunye Ivana Groznogo na nna nna nke Tsar Mikhail Romanov. Time of oj oo, na nrigo ocheeze e kweghị ka na-amalite na-akwadebe Romanov ala.

Prince Yuri Khilkov naanị na 1693 wuru mbụ manor ụlọ ma nye ya ya na ala dị ka a ego maka nwa-ya nwayi Paraschiva.

Dolgorukovs

Na 1707, Praskovya Khilkov lụrụ Alekseya Dolgorukova. Na 1724 ọhụrụ nwe nke ala na ụlọ mmasị ka nri akụ na Gorenki Czyżew wee malite iwu a ulo. Nwa-ya, Ivan, nwere a ịga nke ọma ọrụ n'obí, na-aghọ a mmasị nke-eto eto Emperor Peter II of, nke a na-gara Gorenki.

AG Dolgorukov rọrọ na Peter II lụọ nwunye ya iri na asaa na afọ nwa Catherine. Na November 1729 ọ nọ na-arụ, na kwuru, Ekaterina nwunye Ọkaakaa. Ma ihe nile nke a na mberede iri na anọ na eze ukwu dara ọrịa ma nwụọ. Dolgorukovs mere nru ugha uche nke onye eze ukwu mere nọchiri ocheeze nke alụ ọhụrụ ya. Ma akwụkwọ ndị a na-adịghị kweere n'ihi na a ogologo oge Dolgorukovy gaa biri n'ala ọzọ, ha niile onwunwe e bufere-atụnye.

Ulo na XVIII narị afọ

Manor Gorenki (foto ị pụrụ ịhụ n'okpuru) n'oge ọchịchị nke Elizabeth ghọrọ onwunwe nke agụ Razumovsky. Ọ bụ a chorister nke ụka ukwe, na mesịrị ghọọ a mmasị nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu. Razumovsky na 1747 kpebiri wughachi ụlọ. N'otu oge ahụ ọ na-amalite na-ewu nke Church of All-Ebere Onye Nzọpụta.

Ekwu na ọ bụ mgbe Alexei Razumovsky Manor malitere-enwe ọganihu. Mgbe ọ na-e landscaped n'obí, nke e mmasị a magburu n'ọnụ ụzọ na a oge gboo style na-acha ọcha ogologo ogidi. Around n'obí kụrisịa a ebube park na cascading ponds na keakamere abaitiat. Na na 1809 ala na ụlọ e kere Gorenki Botanical Society, nke mbụ bụ na Russia. E nwekwara haziri na oge kasị n'ọbá akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ na eke na sayensị.

Ọ ga-kwuru na onye nwe ala na ụlọ bụ a omiiko hụrụ obere osisi, ozuzu nke ọ na-arụ ọrụ site na-eto eto. N'ihi ya na mgbalị na ala na ụlọ Gorenki Balashikha pụtara a nnukwu botanical ubi na greenhouses, nke toro banyere puku asaa nke ịtụnanya osisi si n'ụwa nile. Ebe a na e nwere okpomọkụ osisi, nke bụ nnọọ ihe siri ike na-agba nkịtị na mpaghara idụhe. N'ogige na-emezu achara na Chinese cedar, ndịda fir na nkwụ. Ndị a njem mgbe si mba dị iche iche, na-enwe mmasị ndị e kere eke Razumovsky.

N'ihi na ndị a nnukwu ugbo-ele F. B. Fisher - ka ọkà mmụta sayensị-ọkà, bụ onye mesịrị gawa na Botanical Garden na St. Petersburg. Ziri ezi umu nke Earl bụ, ka niile onwunwe mgbe ọnwụ ya, gụnyere manor Gorenki, ebe umu-nne ntà. Mgbe nkewa nke nketa manor gara Alexei Kirillovich, onye site na oge ama a maara nke ọma ọkà, onye a na-akpọkarị "Russian Linnaeus."

Na ya na ala na ụlọ malitere nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ewu. Ego maka landscaping nke ala na ụlọ Alexey K. ọmiko. O nweghị enweghị ha ruru ka a ọma n'alụmdi na nwunye V. P. Sheremetevoy.

The njedebe nke XVIII narị afọ

N'oge a manor Gorenki na Moscow agbanweela ukwu: a atọ-storey manor ụlọ e wuru na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Scotland Adama Adamovicha Menelasa. Ya facade na-mma na a owuwu ụzọ mbata na isii na nnukwu ọcha na ogidi. Modern akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkà akụkọ ihe mere eme kweere na oruru nke ya ụkpụrụ ụlọ echiche e ji mee ihe na imewe nke ama n'obí Perov oké atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Rastrelli.

Gorenki ala na ụlọ e mere na oge gboo style. Tupu atọ-akụkọ ụlọ ahụ a menagerie, na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ gafere e guzobere ụlọ, mma na marble awụ. Si ya ka ọdọ mmiri e nwere a dum steepụ.

park

Ponds na grottoes, àkwà mmiri, atụba ya isuo, arbor-rotunda na, n'ezie, green oghere bụ nchịkọta nke ihe classic English ogige. Meneles-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ maka Razumovsky, na Stroganov ezinụlọ, na mgbe ahụ kpebiri ịnọ na Russia ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndị pụrụ iche oru ngo, nke na-ghọtara site nkume pel nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ art - Alexandria Park na Cottage Obí na Peterhof Obí Reserve (Tsarskoye Selo), Arsenal (Alexander Park).

Manor oge nke na-adakpọ

N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ (1812) manor ahụhụ a otutu. Mgbe ọnwụ nke Alexei Kirillovich (1822) enwetara ndị ala na ụlọ, Prince Yusupov. Historians na-ekwu na Razumovsky na-adịghị kwa chere banyere ndị ga-mansion Gorenki. Dịkọrọ ndụ na-ekwu na ya memoirs na ọnụ karịa na ọ hụrụ wee lekọta ya osisi karịa na ụmụ.

Ebe ọ bụ na n'oge ochie nwa afọ Yusupov jikọrọ ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ masterpieces. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị onye ọ bụla maara na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị dị ebube n'obí park ensemble na Arkhangelsk e kere eji exported si ala na ụlọ Gorenki osisi, griin haus osisi na ọkpụkpụ.

manor mbibi

Mgbe ọnwụ nke A. K. Razumovskogo Gorenki na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke manor bịara streak. Ụkpụrụ anakọtara ha ihe karịrị afọ, ọ na-e-ere dị iche iche ndị mmadụ. Library na herbarium zụtara Alexander m, ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị zụtara nwe ala si gburugburu obodo, na nnọọ Yusupov ala na ụlọ e rere ka ahịa Volkov, nke mere mmasị ichebe ihe ndị dị ebube manor. Mgbe ha dilapidated ala na ụlọ ma bata disrepair.

The dara oké ọnụ manor ụlọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ abụọ ụlọ mmepụta ihe na osisi ụlọ maka ndị ọrụ wuru na ogige. Site na nke a nhazigharị emetụta ọ bụghị nanị na ulo ma na-ogige gburugburu ya. Maria Tretyakova, na penultimate nwe izugbe gafere ụlọ maka mgbazinye n'ụlọ.

Naanị ikpeazụ nwe nke ala na ụlọ, industrialist Sevryugov, nwara ịtụte ya. Tupu mgbanwe o nyekwara fabulous n'oge ego na ala na ụlọ nke mweghachi. na interiors e weghachiri eweghachi home, etinye iji na facades kpochara ponds. N'ọrụ mweghachi chịkwara ma ama-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Chernyshev. Nganga ya bụ Golden Ụlọ Nzukọ mbụ n'ala ụlọ ahụ. Gilded stucco ọrụ na ya uko ụlọ ka na-chebere.

Ọ bụghị siri ike iche n'echiche na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mweghachi, na-echebara eziokwu na ndị na-ewu a ga-ewughachi overlapping ụlọ na e vandalized n'oge injection factory mpio anwụrụ ọkụ, tufuo gafee nku ma wulite ya ebe veranda nwere ogidi, ibibi niile ụlọ nke osisi n'ime ogige, eweghachiri stucco na-egosipụta ndị ụlọ. Ma, manor e weghachiri ha na mbubreyo n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1917.

Gorenki Manor na Soviet ugboro: na nationalization

Na n'afọ iri abụọ, na-ala na ụlọ e nationalized, na ruo oge ụfọdụ, e nwere a ụmụ n'ụlọ. Na 1925 e nyere a sanatorium "Red Rose" maka TB ọrịa. Ọ nwetara aha ya na nsọpụrụ nke Rosa Luxemburg. Site n'ụzọ, ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ taa. Gbara ụlọ malitere ida ke ndaeyo cottagers. E nwere ihe àmà gosiri na otu nke obodo mba ulo ka a ogologo oge biri Meyerhold ezinụlọ.

manor taa

N'oge afọ nke Soviet na-achị ọrịa-turu ime aku ọrụ mere ka irreparable mmebi nke dum. Wuru na ya n'ókèala chebere fọrọ nke nta niile, ma n'ezie na ogige a gbahapụrụ na dabara disrepair. Nke asaa ponds efu anọ, egbutu ọtụtụ osisi, ọ dịghị enwekwa pavilions, rotundas, anwụghị nanị abụọ àkwà mmiri, ma ọnọdụ ha deplorable.

Veranda nwere ogidi na-eduga site na isi ụlọ na ụlọ mposi, tojuru bushes, na ogo mbibi bụ ihe dị ka oge ochie temple. Site steepụ nke dugara park, e nwere obere iberibe na-efu na ugo si pedestal na ọ na otu chọrọ mma.

The ogige bụ na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke ọdọ mmiri nwere ihe na-akpali ubi na park-ewu ewu na ala na ụlọ Gorenki. Grot - ọkara subterranean Ọdịdị wuru si a nnukwu cobblestone, nke ruo si mgbidi, ka ezé nnukwu eri ibe. Ke n'etiti bụ domed ụlọ nzukọ na atọ warara, asọfe paseji. N'uko nke grotto dara na ebe. Gịnị mere iji nke a owuwu - n'ihi na ọṅụ Jehova ma ọ bụ dị ka a oyi okpuru ulo, na ihe ziri ezi nke na ọ dịghị onye nwere ike ikwu, ọ bụ ezie na, na echiche anyị, nke abụọ version bụ ihe ezi uche.

Groth nwere ya akụkọ mgbe, nke na-ekwu na mgbe ndị ala na ụlọ bụ na ala D. N. Saltykovoy (Saltychikha) mara oké iwe, ya mainsail e ji mekpaa ndị serfs. Otú ọ dị, ihe ọ bụla gosiri na nke a bụ na ọ bụghị, na ọ bụ dị nnọọ a akụkọ. N'oge ikpeazụ nwughari nke grotto e weghachiri, ma taa ọ na-ikpe osụhọ ọzọ.

Ọ ga-eme manor Ime?

Connoisseurs nke Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme efunahụghị olileanya na a ga-eme na-abịanụ. Na na ọ nwere niile prerequisites: na-adịbeghị anya mansion kwuru a akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta, na-echebe site na steeti. Na nso nso a malitere mweghachi-arụ ọrụ, ma ha na-emetụta facades nke ụlọ na a obere akụkụ nke ogige. Good ọnọdụ nke ụlọ-enye anyị ohere olileanya na ala na ụlọ-emecha nweta ya nwere ihe pụrụ iche na mbụ anya. M ga-achọ ịhụ na anyị siri ike e nwere patrons, ọ bụghị na-enweghị mmasị na Russian omenala.

Manor Gorenki: esi ebe ahụ?

The ala na ụlọ na-emi odude na Ndida nke Nizhny Novgorod okporo ụzọ. The kpọmkwem adreesị Gorenki Manor: n'okporo ụzọ enthusiasts, 2. Ọ nwere ike na ndị ahụ bụ ụgbọala, ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ụgbọ ala.

Esi na manor Gorenki ụgbọ ala? Si isi obodo mkpa ka ị na-aga n'okporo ụzọ M7 na-eso ya Balashikha. The ala na ụlọ ị ga-ahụ n'akụkụ aka nri nke ụzọ.

Na Kursk n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-eje ije na-azụ ebe Gorenki kwa ụbọchị. Na ya n'aka-ala mkpa ruo ihe dị ka abụọ kilomita. Ị nwere ike na-ụgbọ ala # 336, nke departs si "okpuru" Metro ojii. Ọkwọ ụgbọala ga-jụrụ ịkwụsị ụgbọ ala na ala na ụlọ, tupu eru obodo.

A okwu ole na ole na ọgwụgwụ

N'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ afọ nke mismanagement, manor Gorenki nọgidere na amara nke ochie Russian magburu ala na ụlọ. Obi abụọ adịghị ya, bụ ụlọ na ogige furu efu mbụ ya mma, ma ka na-enweghị ike iji tụnyere ndị dị otú ahụ a ma ama ala dị ka Kuskovo na Arkhangelskoye. Ma na ya ugbu a na ala bụ pụrụ iche ikuku na ike na-enwe mgbe ịga a magburu onwe ya.