The mgbe Moscow Kremlin, a ga-mara na onye ọ bụla nke hụrụ ya n'anya Russia e wuru. N'ihi na ọ bụghị nanị na obi nke Russia, oké mkpụrụ obi na ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa mba, ma otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mara mma okụre na ụwa.
Ihe odide kasị ochie mmezi
Gwupụtara egosiwo na ógbè na ókèala nke Kremlin adị 5000 afọ gara aga, na VI na narị afọ BC e bibu Slavic ebo. Ke ufọt Moscow onwe ya na-anọgide na nke a mmezi hụrụ metụtara Dyakovo omenala.
Dyakovo ewusiri ike na-na-etinye na capes osimiri. N'oge ochie, n'ihi ihe nke na mma na nchekwa mbụ na-asị biri na ugwu nta na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke osimiri. Ọkacha mma na ọnụ, nke mere na mmiri mmezi echebekwa si abụọ n'akụkụ. Waterway ozi site na-ekwurịta okwu ndị agbata obi na-ekwe ka a ọzọ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ahia, na ugwu nta ndị adịghị n'ihi na onye iro na-ekwe ka na-elegharị a nnukwu ebe.
Birth of Moscow
Na mgbe e wuru na Moscow Kremlin, Borovitsky ugwu, gbara ya gburugburu na abụọ nke Moscow River na Neglinnaya nke aga n'ime ya, na ebe on top of a mmezi, ghọọ ihe-apụghị imeri emeri ebe e wusiri ike. The mbụ e kwuru banyere Kremlin na-ezo aka 1147. E nwere ndị na-adịghị ọbụna mgbidi wuru na a osisi. Ha dị nanị 9 afọ mgbe e mesịrị - na 1156. The obi nke Moscow mbụ e kwuru banyere na njikọ na òkù nke Yuri Dolgoruky na ọhụrụ wuru horomina ya mmekorita Svyatoslava Olgovicha, Novgorod-Seversky Prince. Mbata nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ikwu (ha nwa nwa na nwa - ama Igor na Yaroslavna - di) na a oriri na a na-ewere ụbọchị nke ntọala nke Moscow. Nke a bụ kpọmkwem oge mgbe Moscow Kremlin e wuru.
oké na-ewu
Mgbe erection mgbidi nke Kremlin aghọ gburugburu obodo na nso ndutịm center. Ebe a, ndị bi na ndị a niile hụrụ ebe mgbaba n'oge mwakpo nke ndị iro. Nke nta nke nta ụba mkpa nke a ebe e wusiri ike, na ebe gbasaa. Na ugbu a, mgbe nwa nke Aleksandra Nevskogo, Prince Danilo Alexandrovich (1261-1303), nchoputa nke Moscow isi, ndị obodo na-eto gburugburu Kremlin, ọ ghọrọ isi obodo nke obere ihe gbasara onye isi nke Moscow.
N'oge ahụ, mgbe e wuru Moscow Kremlin, Yuri Dolgoruky tọrọ ntọala Pereslavl-Zaleski na Yuriev-Polish. Nke a-isi, ndụ ya nile na-achịkwa Rostov-Suzdal ihe gbasara onye isi, nwua n'ebe ahu, a na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'obodo ukwu development. Tụkwasị na nke a obodo ọ tọrọ ntọala Dubna, Kostroma, Dmitrov, idei mmiri n'oge na-ewu nke ndị Uglich esite obodo Senyatino, na, dị ka otu akụkọ, Gorodets. Ke adianade do, ha na-wuru ọtụtụ ulo uku na e wusiri ike. Ya mere, mgbe e wuru na Moscow Kremlin (n'afọ nke 1147), tọrọ na ndị ọzọ na-emeri ihe. Na ihe ọ bụla na-egosi na ọ ga-eto eto nke a wusiri ike isi obodo nke kasị ala n'ụwa.
Future isi obodo oganihu
Na Moscow bụ ewu ma na-agbasa. Prince Ivan Kalyta (1283-1341) mbụ ewuli belokamennye ụka. Ma ọ bụ na 1340 ochie osisi mgbidi na-anọchi ike oak. Na nwa nwa ya bụ Dmitry Donskoy (1350-1389), nwa Moscow Prince Ivan II Red, na-anọchi nke oak na nkume ọcha mgbidi. Nke a bụ ihe mere na-akpọ Moscow "nkume ọcha". Ọ bụ otú ahụ mara mma na foto egosipụta Vasiliya Vereschagina, e dere na 1879, akpọ "View nke Moscow Kremlin si Stone Bridge". The isi obodo nke Russia, a obodo na-adọrọ mmasị mere bụ a na-akpata mụbara mmasị. Ọ bụla isi obodo na mba n'anya ma na-asọpụrụ nke ụmụ amaala ya. Ma Moscow maka Russian ndị mmadụ ihe ndị ọzọ. Ma ọ bụ ezi eke na chọrọ ịmatakwu banyere ntoputa nke obodo, ebe ọ malitere, mgbe na otú e wuru na Moscow Kremlin, afọ nke ya na omume na ihe Prince wuru a ọrụ ebube.
The mbụ edemede akwụkwọ
Otu n'ime ndị mbụ na nkowa nke mbido nke obodo ukwu bụ na akụkọ "The Legend nke igbu ọchụ nke Daniila Suzdalskogo na mmalite nke Moscow." "Hypation Chronicle" bụ nke mbụ a pụrụ ịdabere na isi iyi na-ekwu banyere Moscow campus - a ebe oké oriri na nsọpụrụ nke nzute enyi na allies nke Rostov-Suzdal na Novgorod-Seversky isi. On ajụjụ nke Moscow Kremlin, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-aza, e wuru na ihe afọ. I nwere ike dee a kpọmkwem ụbọchị, na njikọ na nke Kremlin e mbụ e kwuru banyere - ụbọchị 'n'ikiri ụkwụ na otuto nke Chineke ", nke ahụ bụ, na Saturday, April 4, 1147. Na ọ bụ mee ka a ogologo oge na-ekwu okwu banyere otú iwu Kremlin ọtụtụ narị afọ. Ọ ga-ekwe omume iche mgbagwoju enweghị Katidral nke Dormition, ma ọ bụ ndị Big Kremlin Obí?
The Kremlin e wuru ma wughachi
Azịza nke ajụjụ bụ ma, na ihe afọ, e wuru na Moscow Kremlin, ga-adabere kpamkpam na ihe pụtara a aha - oge a na Leviathan, obibi nke President nke Russian Federation, ma ọ bụ a obere osisi Ọdịdị, nke na ọ malitere. Ezughị peeji nke ka nanị depụta niile àkụ, chọọchị, ụlọ, n'ámá, ubi na ncheta nke isi socio-na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkà mgbagwoju ke Russia, na-ekpuchi ebe ndị 27,5 hectare. Kremlin n'ókèala yiri ihe oge ufodu triangle.
Otu nke jewels nke Kremlin
Special okwu kwesịrị mwere Cathedral nke Moscow Kremlin. Ọ e wuru na 1479. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na mmalite nke ya e kere eke na-akọ na 1326. The Great Moscow Prince Ivan Kalita, ọnụ na Saint Peter tọrọ afọ a mbụ nkume Katidral ke Moscow. Pervoprestolny obodo (ya bụ, ndị dị otú ahụ ọnọdụ bụ Moscow) nwere na-abụ isi chọọchị nke Holy Russia. Na St. Peter nwere a isi ọrụ na eziokwu na Moscow na-aghọ ndị throned. Ya mere, mgbe ọnwụ nke mbụ Metropolitan nke Moscow e liri na-ahụkarị uko isi katidral nke Russia. Ike ya na ndepụta oyiyi "Virgin of Peter", mbụ nke e mere site na Pita onyeozi, bụ otu n'ime Russia isi ihu arụsị. Katidral e wughachiri. Nke a mere n'oge ọchịchị nke unifier nke Russian ala n'okpuru ọchịchị nke Moscow, Grand Prince Ivan III. Na ya na Kremlin ulo oru a nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ewu - niile ụlọ wughachi na nkume. Na nke a, na-aza ajụjụ nke mgbe wuru nwere ike na-akpọ Moscow Kremlin, a kpamkpam dị iche iche afọ - 1485. Na afọ iri (1485-1495) e wuru pụrụ iche battlements, nke bụ ihe e ji mara nke a oké mgbagwoju.
Enweghị Atụ akụ nke ụwa ije
Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, Dmitry Donskoy wughachiri na nkume ndị mbụ osisi Detinets (ka a na-akpọ ọbụna Russia na Kremlin). N'ezie, o wuru ọhụrụ nkume "kremnik" na afọ nke ẹkụre, 1367, kwa, nwere ike na-ewere ụbọchị mgbe Moscow Kremlin e wuru. Mgbe e mesịrị, n'oge ọchịchị Ivana Groznogo, onye ghọrọ mbụ Russian Tsar (aha ya were na mwere Cathedral), mgbagwoju onwe ya na-na-na-agwụ agwụ ngwa ngwa.
A mma nke Katidral Square - Bell Tower "Ivan Veliky", na-enweghị, bụ nke siri ike iche n'echiche na Kremlin, dị ka ọ bụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ na-tallest ụlọ ke Moscow, ihe niile e wuru n'oge ọchịchị Boris Godunov. Otú ọ dị, nke mbụ Moscow Kremlin e wuru na 1147 site Yuriya Dolgorukogo iwu. E wusiri ike nke obodo ka na-akpọ "chrome", nke bụ ihe ruru eru ka a osisi teremu, gbara ya gburugburu a osisi nsu. The onye na naanị, kpara na-apụghị ịbanye abanye, na Kremlin bụ n'onwe nke ike na ịpụ iche nke Russia.