Mir Castle na Belarus - na n'onwe akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkume

Mir Castle dị na mepere emepe na obodo nta nke Mir. Ọ bụ nsogbu na Grodno mpaghara. Nke a pụrụ iche ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta bụ a ihe e wusiri ike. Tupu 1568, ndị nwe ndị Ilyinich, mgbe ahụ, - ruo 1828 - Radziwill. Mgbe ha, ndị nwe Wittgenstein obibi ruo mgbe 1891, nke ikpeazụ nwe nke nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju ndị Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Mgbe nke a, na Mir Castle, a foto nke na-egosi n'okpuru, e bufere haa nwe.

Isi

The ụkpụrụ ụlọ mgbagwoju a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na nke kasị iconic akpọkwa niile ndụ ihe atụ nke mbụ gothic Republic of Belarus. Mirsky kpochidoro Ọdịdị bụ a square udi na n'akụkụ nke 75 mita n'ogologo na ndokwa na nkuku nke ụlọ elu. Ha elu - 25-27 mita. Na mbụ nkebi nke ewu, nke e kere ihe 4 afọ, ọ e wuru anọ n'ụlọ elu ejikọrọ na a mgbidi. Mir Castle nwere ihe mbụ layout. Ụlọ nche na-mere n'ụdị octagonal prism, n'ịnyịnya, n'aka nke ya, na tetrahedral. Wall elu bụ dị iche iche - site 10 ruo 12 mita. N'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ (n'ụzọ na-eduga Vilna) ka a ụlọ elu dị na n'etiti. N'otu oge ọ bụ nanị ọnụ ụzọ ogige ahụ nke nnukwu ụlọ, na n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ nke ya na okpuru ulo. Uka odude nke abụọ nke ụlọ nke ụlọ elu. Ọ bụ site na ebe a ala na metal grille, nke na-echebe osisi n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá.

Ọgụgụ oge nke ihe

The ụkpụrụ ụlọ mgbagwoju ama abuana ke fọrọ nke nta niile ndị agha ihe na ozugbo kpochapụ a-acha ọkụ ọkụ ifufe na Belarusian ala. The ọgụgụ oge na-amalite na na agha nke Russian-Polish (1654-1667 gg.), Na-agwụ na Russian-French War (1812). N'oge a na okpukpe ihe karịrị otu ugboro doro ẹma ẹsịn na nnọchibido. Karịsịa ọdachi maka ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta ndị 1665 na 1706 afọ. N'oge ahụ ọ e doro ihe e bukwanu mmebi. Ná mmalite nke XVIII narị afọ Mir Castle e weghachiri, na 1784 ọzọ mebiri emebi. Na 1812 mgbidi nke nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju e a ọgụ nke abuana agha Davoust (French Marshal) na azụ abụọ Russian Army Platov. Ebe ọ bụ na 1989, a masterpiece nke mbụ Gothic bụ a alaka nke ndị National Art Museum of Belarus. Ná mmalite nke XXI narị afọ eketịbede grandiose nwughari nke mgbagwoju. Ọ ga-kwuru na nke a ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta bụ na-emeghe ka ọbịa. Iji mara, a gara Mir Castle bụ uru 120 000 BYR. ite. (About 400 Russian). Na 2001, ụkpụrụ ụlọ mgbagwoju nke ihe ngosi nka e ọdịda onwe ha ọnọdụ.

Mir Castle: akụkọ ihe mere eme

Architectural mgbagwoju bụ a nkume Ọdịdị, nnukwu nke e wuru na XVI-na Asaa CC. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eme nnyocha, na mbụ na otu ebe e odude manor nwenụ. Nnukwu ụlọ gbara ebe dị larịị, na osimiri na-aga Miranka n'akụkụ ya. The kpọmkwem ụbọchị nke na-ewu nke ncheta nke ije amaghị ruo ugbu a. Otú ọ dị, e nwere aro ya na-ewu malitere dịghị tupu 1522 afọ. Ọ bụ mgbe onye nwe obodo ebe - Yuriy Ilyinich - jikwaa ha inventories na ihe onwunwe mmekọrịta Litavorom Hreptovichem.

Gịnị mere wuru ụlọ a?

Ọkà mmụta sayensị ka na-enweghị ike na-a otutu mmadu kwenyere banyere nzube mbụ nke owuwu nke nnukwu ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, otu onye nwere ike iche na Gothic Ọdịdị e wuru maka ihe nke ugwu, karịsịa nye eziokwu ahụ bụ na obodo ụwa na ụbọchị ndị a na-atụle ga a udo ebe. Otú ọ dị, mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ nke mkpọchi (2 m na elu na ala nke 3 m) na a pụrụ iche atọ oyi akwa mbuaha masonry mere nke brik na nkume na-egosi ezi ihe iji chebe onwe ike nke dum mgbagwoju. Na ala nke facade bụ ịkpụ ngwá agha loopholes. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ugwu na mgbidi nke gallery e enịm na-alụ ọgụ na ike pine ngebichi. N'ụzọ dị mwute, mbụ nwe nke mgbagwoju - Ilyinich - enweghị ike mezue ewu, dị ka agbụrụ ha ama etre ke 1568. The ọhụrụ nwe - Radziwill - ngo maliteghachiri. N'ihi na ha na-arụ ọrụ ahụ nke owuwu hụrụ e ji mara atụmatụ nke Renaissance. Special onyinye ndụ nke Mir Castle ẹkenam Nikolay Hristofor Mgbei. N'ịbụ onwunwe nke Radziwill ezinụlọ, mgbagwoju mejupụtara a 3-storey eze, mere site Martin Zaborovsky.

The eke nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta

Na 1655 na ụlọ ahụ e site Cossacks edu Hetman Ivan Zolotarenko. Mgbe ahụ agha na Russia, na mgbe ahụ Great Northern War fọrọ nke nta afọ 80 emewo ka mbibi na-n'efu. Naanị na 30s nke XVIII narị afọ n'ụlọ okpukpe e weghachiri, mgbe nke na ọ pụtara na isi ụlọ nzukọ, Eserese gallery na ụlọ maka ịgba egwú. Recovery bụghị ibibi na "Italian ubi". Na 1785 Mir Castle bịara Korol Stanislav August. Ọ na-captivated site ịma mma na richness nke n'ime ime mma nke ulo. Na 1813 na France, nwụrụ ikpeazụ isi keta Radziwill ezinụlọ - Dominik Geronim. Nwa-ya nwayi - Princess Stephanie - ghọrọ nwunye Lva Vitgenshteyna. O wee gaa Mir Castle ketara eketa. Mgbe ọnwụ nke Stephanie Lev Vitgenshteyn kwagara Germany. Nwa-ya, na-amụtaghị nwa, ebe n'ime onwunwe nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ mgbagwoju nke ya nwanne Maria. Ma o nwere ike ịbụ na onye nwe bụrụnụ ndị kwụ chịm onwunwe n'okpuru iwu. N'ihi ya, mgbagwoju e rere ka Prince Nikolay Svyatopolk-Mirsky. The ọhụrụ nwe malitere a magburu nwughari.

The agha afọ

Mgbe n'isonyere USSR, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Belarus na 1939, ụlọ ndị ọla e nationalized. Ruo mgbe 1941 na ọ bụ a mmepụta ekwenye, na n'oge Nazi arụ - a Ghetto n'ihi na ndị Juu na a mara ụlọikwuu ndị mkpọrọ nke agha. Mgbe ntọhapụ nke Belarus ruo 1956 na a mgbagwoju obodo ndị mmadụ bi. Nke a na-nwere obere ekere ke n'ime ime mma nke ulo. Ebe ọ bụ na 1947, ewu bụ n'okpuru ala nchebe.

The ụkpụrụ ụlọ mgbagwoju taa

Mir Castle - ọ bụ na-egbuke egbuke n'ókè nke mmasị nke Republic of Belarus na a na-mepụtara njem nleta akụrụngwa. Ke adianade do, na mgbidi na-ẹkenịmde dị iche iche omenala ihe: jousts, ememme, concerts, nzukọ na egwuregwu arụmọrụ. Nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju - otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu na ebe na-gara site mba ọzọ ndị njem nleta.