Mmeputakwa mmekorita nke nwoke, ya na ụdị ya

Mmeputakwa mmepụta nwoke bụ mmepụta nke ntule nke onye ọzọ na-enweghị onye ọzọ, na mmepụta nke onwe ya na-eme site na nkewa nke ọtụtụ ma ọ bụ otu cell sitere na nne organism. Na usoro a, nanị nne na nna nwere ikere òkè. Ihe mitotic n'ụzọ zuru ezu ime na mbụ nne cell.

Mmepụta mmepụta nwoke dị nnọọ mfe. Nke a bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na nzukọ nke usoro nke usoro ihe na-adịghị na ya dịkwa mfe. Ngwurugwu na usoro a nke mmeputakwa amu onwe ha ngwa ngwa. N'okpuru ọnọdụ dị mma, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ dị otú ahụ na - emegharị oge ọ bụla. Usoro a nwere ike ịnọgide na-ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, ruo mgbe a ga-enwe a random mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa koodu, na-akpọ mutation.

Na ọdịdị, na nke a emee na mmeputakwa nke osisi na -alụbeghị di-celled ụmụ anụmanụ.

Mmeputakwa mmepụta nke ụmụ anụmanụ

Simple nkewa hụrụ unicellular osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ, dị ka ciliates, amoebae, na ụfọdụ algae. Nke mbụ, ọkpụkpụ dị na cell ahụ kewara site na mitosis, ọ bụrụ na enwere mgbagwoju anya, a na-ekewa nne na nna na akụkụ abụọ, nke bụ ụmụ nwanyị.

Na asexual mmeputakwa nke anụmanụ ọbọhọ naanị na ụfọdụ iche: fom, coelenterates, flatworms, tunicates. Na nkuku ndị a, a na - enweta onye ọhụrụ site na nsị ma ọ bụ nkerisi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ na - ejide onwe ya site na nke nne na - elekọta nne ma mechaa ya. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ikike ịzụlite dị iche iche na anụmanụ nwere akụkụ nke ahụ. Dị ka ihe atụ, hydra zuru ezu, nwere ike ịzụlite site na narị abụọ na narị. Na mmeputakwa ugboro ugboro, ndị e kere ọhụrụ sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ dị iche iche ma ọ bụ otu site na nkewa mitotic, inweta otu ihe ahụ e ketara eketa nke cell nke ahụ nne nwere.

Mmeputakwa nwoke na nwanyi

Ụzọ a na-agbasa n'ime ụwa ọkụ bụ ebe niile. E nwere ọtụtụ osisi na-amịpụta nke ọma na tubers, nkedo, cuttings na ọbụna epupụta, nke na-eme ka o kwe omume iji akụkụ vegetative nke ndị nne na nna na-eto eto na-eto eto ọhụrụ. A na-akpọ ụdị mmepụta nke ihe ọmụmụ a na-akpọ vegetative, ọ bụkwa nke dị n'ime osisi a haziri nke ọma. Ihe atụ nke mmeputakwa dị otú a nwere ike nyochaa nke na-eme na mgbu, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na strawberries.

Ihe nkedo azu bu mmeputara omumu nke di na otutu osisi, ka ihe atu, algae, ferns, mosses, fungi n'oge ufodu nke mmepe. N'okwu a, mkpụrụ ndụ pụrụ iche na-esonye na usoro mmeputakwa, na-ejikarị nnukwu okwute kpuchie ha, nke na-echebe ha pụọ na mmetụta ọjọọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi: ikpo oke oyi, oyi, ihichapụ. Ozugbo ọnọdụ dị mma bilitere, ọkpụkpụ azụ ahụ na-agbawa, cell amalite ịkekọrịta ọtụtụ oge, na-enye ndụ ndụ ọhụrụ.

A na-akpọ usoro ozuzu ka ọ bụrụ budding, mgbe obere akụkụ nke ahụ na-ekewapụ site n'aka nne na nna, bụ nke a na-emezi ahụ nwa ahụ.

A na-akpọ ọtụtụ ndị sitere na otu nna ochie site na ụdị mmepụta a clones na usoro ndu.

A na-eji mmepụta mmepụta nwoke na nwanyị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ọrụ ugbo iji nweta osisi dị iche iche nke bara uru maka ndụ mmadụ. Long "aji", Ome-agbasa strawberries, mkpụrụ bushes na osisi - cuttings. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nyochaa usoro mmeputakwa iji mụta otu esi ejikwa ha ma jikwaa mmepe ha. A na-ebuwanye ibu nke obodo ndị a chọrọ ka ha nweta ihe ọmụma ahụ, mgbe ahụ, osisi dum dị mkpa na-eto site n'aka ha.