Mongolia (Republic): Capital nkiri

The mba na-emi odude ke esịt Asia. Nke a bụ ókèala ndị saa mbara steppes, ájá dunes, akwa ugwu, adịghị agwụ agwụ-acha anụnụ anụnụ na mbara igwe na-ekpo ọkụ anyanwụ. Ebube Mongolia nwere fabulous eke akụ na ụba.

Azịza nye ọtụtụ ajụjụ ndị metụtara nke a mara mma mba pụrụ ịchọta ke ibuotikọ emi. Na ya na anyị ga-agwa banyere usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị (Mongolia - a Republic ma ọ bụ ọchịchị ndị eze); ebe, bi na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

Ọtụtụ na-akpali ihe ike gwa ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mongolia. Akụkụ nke oge ochie ọdịnala na omenala na-achọ ịmata na iche iche.

ozi izugbe

Mongolia nwere ngụkọta nke 250 ụbọchị nke anwụ a afọ.

Nke a dị omimi mba, mgbe mgbe, a na-akpọ "ala-acha anụnụ anụnụ na mbara igwe", bụ ebe omumu nke oké andikan Genghis Khan. Rocky ugwu, acha anụnụ anụnụ ọdọ mmiri, adịghị agwụ agwụ steppes na ọlaedo ájá nke Gobi desert - niile oké Mongolian eke mma. E nwere ọtụtụ Buddha ụlọ arụsị, na-ama na-ele ọbịa obodo na ya pụrụ iche na pụrụ iche omenala.

polity

Mongolia - a Republic ma ọ bụ a ala?

The kasị elu omebe iwu ikike nke Mongolia - Great Hural (nzuko omeiwu). The unicameral nzuko omeiwu nwere 76 òtù (nke oruru) na ikike maka afọ anọ. Nzuko omeiwu bụ họpụtara na-ewu ewu votu, isi ụdị ọrụ nke na-nnọkọ onye itukwu naanị mgbe a na-2/3 ma ọ bụ karịa nke niile òtù ya.

The ike nke nzuko omeiwu - guzobe nke elu Executive ikike Mongolia (ọchịchị gawa site na Prime Minister). The isi nke ala bụ president, onye nwere ike hoputara si Mongolian ụmụ amaala ndị ruru afọ 45 maka oge nke 4 afọ (ọnọdụ - a na-adịgide adịgide ebe obibi na n'ụlọ nke ikpeazụ 5 afọ).

Dị ka oruru, na ike ebe ọ bụ na 1992, Mongolia - a Omeiwu Republic. Main na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọzọ: Ndị mmadụ Revolutinary Party, na Democratic Party, na Democratic Party na okpukpe elu.

Tupu 1992, na obodo a mara dị ka Mongolian Ndị mmadụ Republic.

Na 1991, o wee ike, na Democratic Party na N'ezie nke a udo mgbanwe. Ebe ọ bụ na 2009, mba ahụ nọ na-rụrụ ọtụtụ mgbanwe.

obodo ọnọdụ

Nke a na obodo enyene akụkụ nke Central Asia.

Mongolia - Republic, nke nwere dịghị tinyekwa na oké osimiri. Ókè-ala bụ Russia n'ebe ugwu, n'ebe ndịda, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na China. The dum ogologo nke Mongolia ókè bụ 8162 kilomita (na t. H. 3485 km Russia).

The ebe nke ala - 1 566 000 square kilomita.

Ókèala e Republic, Mongolia ekewa 21 ebe (aimag), esịnede nta ndutịm nkeji - somoni. N'aka nke ya, onye ọ bụla somoni (ngụkọta 342) kewara ekewa site chinchi (brigeedi). A ngụkọta nke 1539.

3 Mongolian obodo nke Erdenet, Darkhan na Choyr bụ na ọnọdụ nke kwurula nkeji.

Gobi desert erukwa na n'ebe ndịda Mongolia, n'ókè na China. Mongolian Altai ugwu erukwa si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ala nke dị n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ-. Ọ bụ ndị kasị elu ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu - elu Khüiten elu (4374 mita).

Ọtụtụ nnukwu osimiri igba site n'ókèala Mongolia, Onon, Selenga, Tesiyn Gol Kerulen, Khalkhin Mgbaru Ọsọ wdg

isi obodo

A ebube obodo oge ochie jupụtara ncheta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, nwere Mongolia (Republic). The isi obodo nke Ulan Bator (Ulaanbaatar na mpaghara ide) nwere ihe karịrị 1.3 nde bi. Ọ ga-kwuru na ọtụtụ ugboro isi obodo nke Republic e renamed na-kpaliri.

Ulaanbaatar guzobere na Asaa narị afọ (1639). Na mbụ na e nwere isi obodo: URGO (1639-1706 afọ), ha Khuree (1706-1911 afọ), Niyslel Khuree (site na 1911 ka 1923.) Ma Ulan Bator (1924).

Na mbụ na saịtị nke obodo ahụ a Buddha obibi ndị mọnk.

Population, asụsụ

Mongolia-eme ka elu 85% nke ngụkọta bi, 7% - na Kazakhs, ihe karịrị 4.5% - Durwood na ndị ọzọ karịa 3% - nnọchiteanya nke dị iche iche agbụrụ. Na Mongolia bụ ihe karịrị 4 nde ndị Mongolian mba.

Total bi na mmalite nke 2009 - banyere 2.7 nde mmadụ.

The ukara asụsụ bụ Mongolian (Uralic ezinụlọ).

A bit nke akụkọ ihe mere eme

Mongolia - Republic, onye omenala na-esite na ndị bi na nke oge ochie ndị na-ozugbo mmadụ bi n'ókèala nke Central Asia.

Ọtụtụ Omenala bụ echiche nke oge ochie okpukpe Buddha na shamanistic ememe nwere a okpukpe nzube na ọdịnaya karịrị oge e furu efu. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ememe omume ka na-na-akwanyere ùgwù site obodo.

E nwere ọtụtụ nkwenkwe ụgha na taboos na nwere nkịtị Central Asian mgbọrọgwụ. Ya mere, ha bụ otu na Buryats na Mongol.

Ke adianade do, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na ọtụtụ ndị Mongolia ka na-na na na-asọpụrụ ndị oge ochie omenala nke akwagharị, na ugbu a ha bi na ya chere ụlọikwuu, na n'ebe ahụ na-efu nke oru management subsistence ugbo.

N'ozuzu, ndị mmadụ na Mongolian n'ókèala pụtara a ogologo oge gara aga, ọtụtụ puku afọ gara aga. Site mbụ prehistoric ugboro, ọ na-biri na-akwagharị akwagharị, oge na-etolite a dịgasị iche iche nke ala nnokota. The Chinese wuru ama Great Wall n'ihi nke ukwuu oge ochie Mongol.

Olee otú ọ na niile malitere?

Mongolian onyeisi aha ya bụ Temujin na 1206 enwetara aha Genghis Khan ma merie a ọtụtụ mba na ndị. Ya mere, e ndị Mongol Alaeze Ukwu. Mgbe ọnwụ nke Genghis Khan, e kewara n'ime anọ Khanate. N'oge ahụ, alaeze ukwu e odude ke ebe si Korea na Poland, na Vietnam na ndịda Siberia n'ebe ugwu.

Ebe ọ bụ na XVI na narị afọ na Mongolia malitere ịgbasa Buddha mgbe Ugboro internecine agha maka ikike na China na mbuso agha agha.

Mongolia e-achịkwa site Chinese Qing usoro ndị eze ruo mgbe 1911.

Ya mere, Mongolia - a Republic ma ọ bụ?

MPR, na enyi na enyi na USSR, e guzobere na 1924.

Ma ebe ọ bụ na 1992, na eze Mongolian Ndị mmadụ Republic na-akpọ Mongolia.

okpukpe

Mongolia - Republic, nke a na-adịkwaghị na Mahayana Buddha (94%), ọgọ mmụọ na ya ugwu na Islam (4%) - na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Naanị na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ na mba nwere ọtụtụ Buddha monasteries - a narị ole na ole, na banyere 30% nke nwoke bi na ndị mọnk.

Na Mongolia, mgbochi okpukpe mkpọsa, ọ fọrọ nke nta ebibi oké monasteries nke usoro e gbapụ kemgbe zitere nke otu narị afọ. Ọtụtụ ndị nọ na-emechi, na ụfọdụ zuuru ma bibie. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a ụfọdụ kwuo uche mgbanwe (90), nnwere onwe nke okpukpe e kwuru. Ebe obibi ọzọ malitere ha na-eme. Na Ulan Bator taa e nwere ọbụna ndị Orthodox Church. Pụrụ iche na usoro nke okpukpe Republic of Mongolia.

nlegharị anya

Ke akwa ochie Mongolia ọbọhọ a nnukwu dịgasị iche iche nke pụrụ iche mgbe ochie na akụkọ ihe mere-ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta. Nso n'osimiri. Chultyn Gol nwere ndị kasị ochie neolithic eserese n'okpuru nchebe nke UNESCO.

Ọzọkwa na n'elu 10 kasị mma Mongolian nkiri pụrụ ịgụnye ndị na-esonụ:

- ama Bell of Peace, emi odude ke Ulaanbaatar;

- Grand Mausoleum nke Sukhbaatar (na-na isi obodo);

- Khan n'obí mara mma ọkpụkpụ nke Tara (chi nwaanyị) na isi obodo nke Mongolia ;

- Gandan Obibi.

omenala

Mongolia - Republic, ọdịnala na omenala ndị ọgaranya na iche iche. Akwagharị akwagharị ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ akpagharị n'ọzara, na steppes nke Central Asia, ma na-agbanweghi agbanwe omenala ụfọdụ. Ọ bụla July na Mongolia eme ememe Nadd oriri na omenala Mongolian asọmpi na ịnyịnya, agbama uto na ọgụ; na-eme ememe na njedebe nke na oyi na mbata oge nke New Year - na-na mpi.

Dị iche iche na-eme ememme na-enwe ya Mongolia: Ịchụ nta ugo; Yak na camel.

Ná mmechi, aku na uba

Mongolia aku na uba ike mmepe na bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ekwe ahịa na Northeast Asia, na fọrọ nke nta niile Asia-Pacific mpaghara.