Ngosi Museum. Pushkin. Ngosi nke ihe osise na Pushkin Museum

Ná ngwụsị nke narị afọ nke 19 St. Petersburg Academy nke Arts esetịpụ a zoo metụtara na ụlọ imewe maka Museum of Fine Arts. Emperor Alexander III. Nke a anana-mmezu nke nrọ nke na-eke na isi obodo nke art izi alụmdi nke ụdị.

ntoputa

Mgbe ke Moscow University bụ a kabinet nwere otu oge ochie ụkpụrụ: numismatic collection, ochie ite, nkedo nke oge ochie ọkpụkpụ na obere pụrụ iche n'ọbá akwụkwọ. Dabere na a nile, na e nwere a ngosi nka. Na 1889-1890, ngalaba na-emi odude na mmalite nke IV Tsvetaeva, na-enwe mgbanwe ụfọdụ. Amalite sculptural ngalaba na a n'ọbá akwụkwọ. Plasta nkedo, ụdị, Galvanic nweta pụrụ iche. Na nke a, na Fine Arts Museum na-ghọọ ọzụzụ na izi na ọha alụmdi, otu nnyocha omume nke na-agụnye isi mata na ọtụtụ narị afọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme.

Nke mbụ bụ guzobe nke pụrụ iche ọrụ nke nzukọ ịbịaru, eserese na crafts. VS Golischev, Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị-orientalist, nwere ezi collection of ọhụrụ akpọkwa ndị Ijipt oge ochie omenala. Mgbe e mesịrị ya enweta a ala na mgbe ahụ, ekele na ịnọgidesi ike Tsvetaeva, na-aga na Museum (1909-1911 gg.), Ònye na-aghọ a par na ejiri nke pụtara ìhè ụkpụrụ nke oge ochie East.

Ụfọdụ connoisseurs na nwe nke pụrụ iche ihe na-abịa ala anyị site n'oge gara aga, so mee ka oruru na mmụba nke alụmdi. M. S. Schekin, Russian diplomaati, na Museum ọnọde ihe nke ji achọ art 13-15 ọtụtụ narị afọ. na Italian sere na-arụ ọrụ. Magburu onwe Italian ọkpụkpụ nke iri na asaa na narị afọ e nyere Grand Duchess Elizavetoy Fedorovnoy na D. A. Homyakovym, onye nna ya bụ onye a ma ama Slavophile. Ọkà mmụta ihe ochie AA Bobrinsky nyere idọba-oriọna, ese, na ihe atụ ndị ọzọ nke French art nkedo. Nwa nwanne Golenishcheva ọkọnọ a collection of ndịna nke ochie Russian na European nwe.

-amalite Amalite

Oghere nke Museum of Fine Arts bụ eze ikpeazụ ụbọchị na May 1912. Asọpụrụ ọbịa nke ememe e Nicholas II na Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Maria Fedorovna. The mbụ director, onye na-eduzi ihe ngosi nka si 1911 ruo ọnwụ ya, ọ họpụtara IV Tsvetaev. Ụlọ ọrụ a ozugbo nweela ewu ewu n'etiti ọha mmadụ. Ya bịaranụ bụ nnọọ elu: ruo mmadụ 800 na weekdays, 2500 - n'oge ezumike na ngwụsị izu. Otutu ọbịa ẹkewetde nke ndị nkụzi na ụmụ akwụkwọ nke elu ụlọ akwụkwọ, Higher Ọmụmụ maka Women, na Ndị mmadụ University. A. L. Shanyavskogo, Moscow Archaeological Institute. ngosi nka nketa e chebere ndị nka na nnọchiteanya nke ndị ụkọchukwu. Ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ebe a iji akwụkwọ, na ndị na-chọrọ ịmụta omenala oge e na-eduzi njegharị.

biri n'ime

N'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ (ruo mgbe 1930) e nwere a nyefe nke Western European art si nationalized ala na Moscow na dị iche iche ngosi ihe mgbe ochie (nkà na iconography Ostroukhova, Kremlin Historical na òtù) si Tretyakov Gallery. Ọtụtụ ihe osise ọkọnọ hermitage, na ịkọrọ gị collection Leningrad enweta ego. N'ogige atụrụ na etiti nke gallery bụ ọrụ nke ochie Western nwe. Ancient Oriental collection nwere ihe ọtụtụ puku cuneiform mbadamba na puku atọ ndị ọzọ ihe ncheta nke na oge.

mgbanwe

Na 1932, alụmdi e renamed ma nye ya aha nke State Museum of Fine Arts, na afọ ise gasịrị, ọ e ọdịda nke aha A. S. Pushkina. N'oge agha na German occupiers ukwuu nke collection e kpuchie na Novosibirsk na Solikamsk. The ụlọ onwe ya tara ahụhụ si na bọmbụ na shelling. Na 1944, ndị Pushkin Museum malitere ịgbake.

mmepe

Ke n'etiti narị afọ nke 20 na-emechi State Museum of New Western Art (GMNZI). Na nke a, ya collection na-ekewa n'etiti Moscow na Leningrad nchekwa. Pushkin Museum replenished sinik (300) na ọkpụkpụ (n'elu 80) ọrụ nna-ukwu nke 19-20 na narị afọ, ndị East na Amerịka. Ọ mma collection of ndịna na Archive. French Post-Impressionist ọrụ na-gụnyere a ọhụrụ ngosi. Museum. Pushkin nwetara ha n'oge nke isi obodo-anakọta. Ha Ivan Morozov na S. I. Schukin. N'ihi nke a na ntinye Pushkin Museum na-aghọ onye nwe masterpieces, ama n'ụwa nile. N'ihi na sara mbara ọha nke collection dị ebe ọ bụ na 1953, mgbe ụfọdụ nke ọrụ zigara na udi nke na-adịgide adịgide so na Art Gallery ngosi. Ruo afọ 20, e nwere mgbanwe na Ọdịdị nke ahụ dum ngosi, na mgbe ahụ ndị mmadụ na-ike zuru ezu na-enwe ọrụ nke eserese na ọkpụkpụ si nzukọ ikpeazụ.

The ọzọ ogbo

N'ihi na 4 afọ (1949-1953.) Ndi ọkọnọ pụrụ iche ngosi. Museum. Pushkin gosiri a collection of onyinye Stalin. Ma mgbe ahụ, rụzigharịa na-adịgide adịgide ngosi meghere, na-inweta ọkụ. The mgbidi nke ụlọ were ihe karịrị 1200 egosi, na-egosipụta na ọrụ nile nke alụmdi na biiri si anụ ụlọ na ndị mba ọzọ ịnakọta. The afọ 1955 ghọrọ a milestone na omenala ndụ nke isi obodo. N'oge a, a pụrụ iche ngosi nke ihe osise na Pushkin Museum. Alụmdi na-egosi masterpieces nke Dresden Gallery. N'otu oge ọ na-azọpụta site na mbibi site Soviet agha. E mesịa, ndị collection e weghachiri ha na mgbidi alụmdi n'okpuru nche nduzi nke P. D. Korina. Ya na nke mbụ zigara ókèala Russia n'oge agha nkà ihe ngosi. Museum. Pushkin nọ akụ a. Nke a mere na o kwere omume ekele na mbo nke mkpara itieutom.

Iconic Museum. Pushkin. ngosi

Modern Pushkin Museum mejupụtara anọ na ụdị nke ikpughe:

1. ọkpụkpụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ Nchikota nkedo. Ha na-dịtụ gbanwetụrụ maka mahadum ogbo, nke lanarịrị Pushkin Museum (Moscow). The ngosi na-agụnye ihe ọkpụkpụ nke ndị Near East, na Middle Ages, na ncheta nke Italian na Northern Renaissance.
2. Nkebi nke na nkà na omenala nke oge ochie mepee na mbụ. Na-gụnyere ndị ihe si gwupụtara rụrụ site ọrụ nke alụmdi.
3. Art gallery 8-20 na narị afọ. Ọ na-anọchi anya ọrụ nke ochie European nna ukwu, Byzantine oyiyi, oge ochie mosaics. N'otu oge ahụ, ị pụrụ ịhụ dịkọrọ ndụ ọrụ site mba nka na ọkpụ. Akpan wuru a ngosi. Museum. Pushkin nyere exposition e mere na-egosi na mgbanwe nke dum eras na ọnọdụ si dị iche iche na ụlọ akwụkwọ.
4. The Department nke onwe onye collections anakọtara dị iche iche ihe na ike n'ezi ihe nke nchekwaba na na nlekuru anya na iche nke ọ bụla mkpoko.

modernity

Taa, na a ụlọ na-ewe Pushkin Museum, na ọ bụ nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ (670 000) na-arụ ọrụ nke ọkpụkpụ na eserese, nkà na crafts, ọrụ nke graphic nkà, numismatics na nkà mmụta ihe ochie, nkà foto. Na-anọchi anya na alụmdi na odide ngosi. Pushkin Museum esetịpụ akwụkwọ na-egosi ndị metụtara ndị mere eme, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na epistolary nketa nke ya guzobere na ndị ọzọ na omenala na ihe ndị mmadụ. N'ihi ya nnyocha na mweghachi ogbako nke Pushkin Museum nwere ike imezi mebiri emebi ọrụ nkà. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ mpako nke na a pụrụ iche research Ọbá akwụkwọ, dị ka onye nke kasị mma na isi obodo. Ebe ọ bụ na 1991, ihe ngosi nka enyene a ebe ke State Register of bara uru karịsịa akpọkwa omenala nketa nke ndị Russia.