Nhazi ọkwa site Black cavities: nkọwa, ogo na klas na ọgwụgwọ

Caries - a egwu ọrịa. Ma dọkịta mepụtara otu oru oma ụzọ obibi ọrịa a. Gịnị bụ nhazi ọkwa nke cavities site Black? Tụlee ajụjụ a ihe zuru ezu.

nha nha ire ere

"Cavities" bụ Latin sụgharịta ka "ire ere". Nke a dị mgbagwoju anya enweghị nchịkwa usoro sluggishly eru na ike anụ ahụ nke ndị eze. Na-emekarị ọ na-amalite n'ihi na jikọrọ mmetụta nke na-emerụ esịtidem na mpụga na-akpata.

Mgbe mbụ ogbo nke ire ere kpebisiri ike site mbibi nke ndị na organic matriks nke Enamel na demineralization Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ya inorganic òkè. Older ike eze anụ ahụ ure, uji eze na dentin egosi. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa ga-achọ ọgwụ na enyemaka maka a ogologo oge, e nwere ike ịbụ nsogbu nke mkpali periodontal na pulp.

The mbụ version

Gịnị bụ nhazi ọkwa nke Black? Nke a nkụzị carious formations na eze elu. Ọ ke ẹkenam ke 1896 chọpụta ụkpụrụ nke na nkà mmụta ọgwụ nke ọ bụla na-adakarị ikpe.

Nke a nhazi ọkwa-agụnye ise ọmụmụ, ọ bụla nke mepụtara ya ndochi atụmatụ na njikere nke ezé. A obere ka e mesịrị, a usoro e kwukwara na isii ọkwa. Taa, ọ na anya dị ka nke a:

• The mbụ na klas - mgbaji ọkpụkpụ fissure caries, olulu na eke cavities buccal, ịta na Palatine nha nha ebupụta (fissure caries).
• Nke abụọ - imebi kọntaktị ebupụta nke molars na premolars.
• The atọ - kọntaktị n'elu caries canines na incisors, adịghị aka ịcha n'ọnụ ya.
• Fourth ọkwa - na ano rere ere incisors na canines, iwe amaokwu nke mbepụ.
• Nke ise - cervical caries. Na nke a, na vestibular ebupụta nke ezé iche iche na-ebibi.
• Nke isii ọkwa - mmebi, odori ke ịcha n'ọnụ nke canines na incisors, premolars na molars ugwu nta nile.

The abụọ version

Black nhazi ọkwa nke caries orunótu na-anọchi anya na ọtụtụ nsụgharị. The abụọ mgbanwe bụ dị ka ndị:

• The mbụ na klas na-agụnye mmebi nso fissure (eke sulci).
• Nke abụọ - nha nha ire ere, nke pụtara na ụgbọ elu nnukwu na obere molars.
• The atọ - mmụba nke kọntaktị ihu nke canines na incisors na-echekwawo ịcha n'ọnụ ya.
• Fourth - caries ejikọta na-ebupụta nke incisors na canines na gbajiri ịcha n'ọnụ ya.
• Nke ise na-agụnye cervical mebiri.

The atọ version

Nhazi ọkwa site Blake bụ ma ama maka ya atọ version. Taa, ọ bụ dị ka ndị a:

• The mbụ na klas na-agụnye mmebi ke ebe nke eke olulu na gbawatụrụ agbawa ezé.
• Nke abụọ - na ịda mbà n'obi pụtara na kọntaktị ihu nke obere na nnukwu molars.
• Klas nke atọ - oghere enịm na kọntaktị na-ebupụta nke canines na incisors (ọnụ mbepụ na-adịghị emetụ).
• Fourth - notch pụtara na njikọ ụgbọ elu canines na incisors (-akpọlite ọnụ mbepụ na nkuku).
• Nke ise - uji eze guzobere ebe olu ezé niile ige.
• Mgbe e mesịrị ya e kere nke isii ọkwa, nke e nkewa dị ka gbara gharịị ọdịdọ nke ịta: mounds nke ịta na ịcha n'ọnụ nke n'ihu ezé.

WHO

Ya mere, anyị hụrụ na ndị dị otú a nhazi ọkwa nke cavities site Black. WHO na-enye ya ụdị. ICD 10, ya anya dị ka nke a:

• ire ere nke nha nha Enamel;
• mebiri emebi dentin;
• mbibi nke ciment;
• decomposition, kwụsịrị dị ka a N'ihi nke mmetụta na nchekwa na ọcha sessions;
• odontoklaziya, achọ ofufe nke deciduous ezé mgbọrọgwụ;
• ọzọ decomposition;
• unadjusted ire ere.

Omimi nke lesion

N'ezie, dị ka Black si nhazi ọkwa hụrụ ya ngwa n'ụwa. Site ogo caries mbibi kewara ndị na-esonụ:

• mbụ decomposition;
• elu emeghasịkwa;
• caries ajụ;
• miri ire ere.

Mgbe mbụ ogbo nke mmepe nke caries na eze elu a ọchịchịrị ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha ntụpọ. Otú ọ dị, Enamel bụ a ezigbo elu, ebe ọ bụ na anatomical mbibi ma. Pụtara Unyi wepụrụ dọkịta nke eze na akụrụngwa. Ha remineralizing ezé, na-agbalị iji gbochie ụdi mmepe nke ọrịa.

Na nzọụkwụ ọzọ elu n'ígwé na-ebibi Enamel egosi omume a nkọ okpomọkụ mgbanwe nke mmiri na nri, na-acidic na oseose nri. nha nha verge nke ịghọ ike ike. N'oge a, ndị dọkịta Mike otụk ebe na mgbe ya remineralization. Mgbe ụfọdụ, elu elu caries emeso ya na nkwadebe na ndochi.

Kwere nhazi ọkwa nke eze na ike anụ ahụ ntụpọ site Black bụ ihe magburu onwe ngwá ọrụ ụlọ. Ihe na ihe a n'etiti caries? Na nke a na-adọ, na Enamel oyi akwa nke eze na-ebibi ya mere na ụfọdụ na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ intermittent mgbu. Na nke a, na decomposition usoro esesịn ruru elu oyi akwa nke dentin.

Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya, ezé achọ manye ọgwụ aka, na nke dọkịta na-ewepu otụk ebe na iweghachi ya na enyemaka nke a akara ihe.

Na now anya miri caries. Nke a na ọrịa e ji nnukwu mbibi nke eze na anụ ahụ, nke na-emetụta ọtụtụ ndị dentin. Ọ bụrụ na a ogbo na-eleghara omume, pulp nwere ike ebibi. N'ihi ya, onye ọrịa nwere ike ịzụlite pulpitis ma ọ bụ periodontitis.

Oghere nkwadebe. ngosi

Nhazi ọkwa site Blake kpụrụ ndabere nke eze na ọgwụgwọ. Oghere nkwadebe a rụrụ na ise nkebi. Anyị na-amụ ihe ndị bụ isi na iwu na atụ na klas nke mbụ nke cavities, chọrọ ama dọkịta.

Mgbe mbụ ogbo ya a rụrụ nke uji eze oghere. nha nha nkwadebe-amalite na mwepụ podrytymi Enamel n'ọnụ enweghị n'okpuru a ike, na ok dentine. N'ihi bụ a nkpoda mgbidi. Number excised anụ ahụ na-guzosie ike site ịchọpụta na decomposition ulo dentin. Mgbe a na ogbo, ndị dibịa ga-enye ohere a ọma nke uji eze na ya n'ihu nhazi.

Dọkịta ngosi emepụta * Tụkwasị ma ọ bụ fissure burs mere nke diamond ma ọ bụ sikwuo carbide. Ngwá Ọrụ n'obosara kwekọrọ na size nke input aperture nke ezumike. Ndị ọkachamara na-eji a tobaim Atụmatụ n'usoro na elu na-agba, na mmiri ikuku jụrụ.

ndọtị

Nhazi ọkwa nke cavities site Black na-eji maka a ogologo oge na dị nnọọ na-enye aka ụlọ ọrụ ha. Gịnị bụ ndọtị nke mgbochi? Mgbe a na ogbo ọ na-aga n'ihu ime ka a mata carious oghere. Na a na ime, dọkịta na-agba mbọ iji gbochie ntighari ezé ure. Specialist elu obụk ẹkụre oghere udi.

Ọ ga-kwuru na, dị na usoro nke "ndu aririo" I. G. Lukomskogo, recesses na-akwadebe a nzọụkwụ na-adịghị rụrụ.

Ọ bụrụ na dọkịta na-eduzi technology, nchekwa reaming Black, ọ na-arụpụta a buu excision nke ebe susceptible adiahade, na dịghịzi ebe. Mmụba nke caries anyịnwa ịhụkwu otú rụrụ ma ọ bụ tapered fissure burs (carbide ma ọ bụ diamond). N'out oge na-eji mmiri-air jụrụ.

ezé nhazi ọkwa Blake na-enye mgbochi ndochi, site nke belata ọnwụ nke ike eze Ọdịdị na occlusal ụgbọelu. Ọ bụrụ na mpaghara nke carious oghere a na-ewepụ, niile rekasịrịla anụ ahụ excised na fissure naanị n'ime Enamel. The ala nke ezumike na a nweela nonclassic - mechie ma ọ bụ steepụ.

Na igosipụta na fissure dọkịta adịghị ewepụ a nnukwu ego nke anụ ahụ: ọ bụ iji gbuo uzo omimi nke 1-1.5 mm na obosara nke 0.7-0.8 mm, enweghị na-apụ apụ si Enamel ókè. Ọ na-ezere ihe e kere eke nke nkọ n'ọnụ.

Na mba anyị, dị ka a na-achị, n'ihi na excision nke gbawatụrụ agbawa (fissurotomii) iji warara cylindrical burs. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na ime rụrụ ube na plamevidnymi u.

necrosectomy

The ọzọ ogbo bụ mwepụ nke caries - necrectomy. The dọkịta ewepu ịrọ arọ na pigmented dentin caries nke ezumike. Mpaghara mbibi na demineralization na a morphological ele ihe anya, a nzọụkwụ na-tutu amama. Ókè nke recesses na-kere ke n'ógbè undamaged uzo dentin.

guzobere

Ọzọ, ndị dibịa na-enye uji eze a udi nke na-eme ka a pụrụ ịdabere na ichebe nke akara. Ọ ga ezu iguzogide ndị eze gwọọ na ike na ọtọ ibu. Mgbe a na ogbo, ndị ikpeazụ kpụrụ n'ime na elu contours nke uji eze.

The ezumike emepụta a fissure, plamevidnymi, ube ekara conical na burs (carbide na diamond) na ịnara mmiri-air jụrụ. The ọkachamara na-eme ka tobaim handpiece bugharia na elu na-agba. The ezi udi nke ezumike a nwetara na echiche nke ndị na-eguzogide na njigide.

Ịrụcha

Mgbe nhazi carbide ma ọ bụ diamond burs Enamel ezumike ọnu-enweta usoro udi, ọ na-ebelatawo, ọ prism furu efu na kọntaktị na ala ákwà. N'ọdịnihu ọ pụrụ inye aka ịgbanwe akara gwara na mmepe nke putrefactive Filiks. Ndị a nuances mkpa Ịrụcha - ikpeazụ machining n'ọnụ nke uji eze, dị ka a N'ihi nke a ga-ewepụ ndị mebiri emebi ebe nke Enamel.

Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị dọkịta iji nweta ihe kacha mma na a pụrụ ịdabere na mmekọrịta nke kwesịrị ekwesị n'etiti ezé Ọdịdị na ndochi. Nke a na ime ihe a rụrụ 16 na 32 Granite finishing burs ma ọ bụ ezi-na-grained diamond isi.

Physicians u arụ ọrụ na ala na-agba na-enweghị nsogbu chọrọ mmiri-air jụrụ. Ha na-na-emeso ya na a ezumike ihu trimmers gingival oke na Enamel mma, wepụ mkpa mpụta oyi akwa nke eze na ewepu na o kwere omume ọjọọ mmetụta na ya ekpo oke ọkụ, vibration na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, eze ọgwụgwọ bụ nnọọ a siri ike usoro, ma ọ bụrụ na oge na-ahụ a na dọkịta maka enyemaka, anyị nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe a Hollywood ọnụ ọchị maka afọ na-abịa.