Northern Dvina River: ọnọdụ na general e ji mara

River North Dvina - bụ ihe kasị mkpa waterway nke Russian North. Ebee ka ọ malitere, ebe ọ na-aga na ihe aga n'ime oké osimiri? Azịza ajụjụ ndị a nwere ike dị na a na-acha ọcha akwụkwọ.

General e ji mara nke osimiri Northern Dvina

Na ogologo nke 744 kilomita, osimiri na-anakọta ya mmiri si a nnukwu ebe, nke bụ 357 000 square kilomita. Administratively Ọ Arkhangelsk na Vologda n'ógbè Russia. Na ọ bụrụ na ị gaa na akaụntụ osimiri Sukhona na Vychegda, na ogologo nke a waterway ga-eru 1800 kilomita!

River North Dvina ewe ya ụzọ ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na osimiri, iyi na waterways. Hydrography gua naanị banyere a narị abụọ-iji tributaries nke osimiri usoro. Ya bụ, ndị a bụ iyi na-asọpụta kpọmkwem n'ime Northern Dvina. Otu n'ime ha bụ ndị kasị ukwuu tributaries bụ: Vaga, Vychegda, Pinega na Yumizh.

On bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Northern Dvina River emi odude asaa Russian obodo. Ọ (ntụziaka site isi iyi ka n'ọnụ): Great Ustyug, Krasavino, Kotlas, Solvychegodsk, Novodvinsk, Arkhangelsk na Severodvinsk.

Karịsịa mmiri ọchịchị

River North Dvina dị iche iche ot ugwu osimiri mmiri ọchịchị. Food - ukwuu n'ime gbazee snow, na kacha eruba ọnụego hụrụ May na June (ruo 15 000 m ³ / s).

The osimiri amalite ifriizi na njedebe nke October, na na meghere gburugburu n'etiti April. N'ihi ya, Northern Dvina "na ice" na-anọgide fọrọ nke nta ka ọkara otu afọ. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na n'oge ice nwayọọ na osimiri gafee ndị na-emekarị nnọọ n'ọrụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe e nwere mgbochi okporo ụzọ.

The etymology nke ebe aha

Mere Northern Dvina aha ya bụ otú ahụ? N'ihi nke a na-eme nnyocha na akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere ọtụtụ ịkọwa, ma ha niile obụpde ala dị otu. Nke a gidrotoponim ọ pụtara "sọrọ stream". Nke a nkọwa na-eduga na ya akwụkwọ ọtụtụ ndị dere ya. The eziokwu na osimiri Severnaya Dvina River a kpụrụ site na mmakọ nke abụọ ọzọ waterways, otú a yiri etymology bụ nnọọ ihe ezi uche na ezi uche.

Ọ ga-kwuru na ụfọdụ na-eme nnyocha (akpan akpan Matveev) hụrụ na malite aha Baltic mgbọrọgwụ. Ya mere, Matveyev ekwere na ebe aha na-abịa site Lithuanian okwu "dvynai", nke pụtara "abụọ."

-Akpali mmasị, Northern Dvina egosipụta na ọtụtụ ọrụ nke akwụkwọ na uri. Ya mere, ihe atụ, a chepụtara echepụta obodo na a akwụkwọ site Kia Bulychev emi odude na ihe e chepụtara echepụta osimiri ọgazị, nke na-eburu ya mmiri bụ na Northern Dvina.

Ogologo ụzọ na-na oké osimiri ...

Ebee bụ Northern Dvina osimiri? Azịza ya dị mfe, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ele anya na a zuru ezu obodo map. Ọ na-egosi na isi iyi nke Northern Dvina River emi odude ebe South ma jikota ọnụ Sukhona. Nke a mere na oge ochie Russian obodo nke Veliky Ustyug, tọrọ ntọala na XII narị afọ.

Ọzọ, na Northern Dvina River eburu mmiri ya ruru n'ebe ugwu, na n'oge na-adịghị na-enweta a Vychegda osimiri. Na nke a emee dị nso n'obodo Kotlas. Ọ ga-kwuru ihe na-akpali eziokwu: na oge nke mmakọ Vychegda bụ a na-eru n'osimiri karịa Northern Dvina.

Ọzọkwa, anyị waterway aga n'ihu ya ụzọ n'akuku oké osimiri, nke nta nke nta na-agbanwe agbanwe edere direction na ugwu. Inwe ezi ogologo dịtụ anya, Northern Dvina River enweta mmiri nke ọzọ isi osimiri - Pinega. Downstream na-ama na-amalite na-udi ya nnukwu ebe anyị osimiri Delta.

Ọchịchọ ịmata na akụkọ ihe mere eme n'eziokwu na isi iyi nke Northern Dvina River a kọwara zuru ezu na-akpọ Ustyug akukonsinooge. Ọ sịrị na "Sukhona na n'ebe ndịda nke osimiri, nke merged, mere onwe ya a atọ osimiri ...".

The estuary nke Northern Dvina

The Hydrology nke estuary akpọ ebe osimiri na-aga n'ime oké osimiri, oké osimiri, ọdọ ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ mmiri. Na nke a, na Northern Dvina River aga n'ime White Sea, ma ọ bụ na-ọzọ kpọmkwem, na Dvina Bay. Na nke a ọnụ nwere ụdị Delta nnukwu, nke ebe nwere ike na-metụtara ndị mpaghara Volgograd. Ọ bụ ihe dị ka 900 square kilomita.

The Delta nke Northern Dvina bụ a usoro nke obere duct hoses, ihe isi ike na isuo. The obosara nke osimiri ndagwurugwu na-ụba ruo 18 kilomita.

Dvina Bay - a nnukwu n'ọnụ mmiri nke White Sea, ya ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ. Omimi - n'ime 120 mita (pụtara uru - banyere iri mita). Na Dvina Bay-agba ihe karịrị iri na abụọ osimiri, gụnyere Northern Dvina. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na nke a bụ - ndị kacha bụrụ ezigbo ebe niile nke North Oké Osimiri. The mmiri na Bay of Dvina okpomọkụ tọọ ruo +10 ... + 12 degrees.

Mbupu na Northern Dvina

Mbupu bụ omume tinyere dum ogologo nke osimiri. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ nnọọ ike na obodo nke Arkhangelsk mpaghara. Ka ihe atụ, nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike ghara ịga miri n'ime ọnụ. Dị ka a na-achị, ha na-serviced na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ego. N'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama, na atụmatụ maka njikarịcha nke igodo na Delta nke Northern Dvina mepụtara na XIX narị afọ, ma ha e kwesịrị emejuputa atumatu. Ọnọdụ na estuary na-mgbagwoju anya site eziokwu na osimiri n'oge "akwa mmiri" ebe a na-eme ka a nnukwu ego nke ájá na irighiri, na naanị sikwuoro Itie ụgbọ mmiri.

Ọ bụkwa uru kwusịrị na osimiri ka na-agba steamer "N. V. Gogol" - kasị ochie nke ndị na-ka na-arụ ọrụ ná mba ahụ. Ọ e wuru azụ na 1911.

Ya mere ị maara banyere atụmatụ na na ọnọdụ nke ihe dị mkpa waterway nke Russian North - na Northern Dvina River.