Pirke ule: agụ, nwale

Ụkwara nta - bụ nnọọ a nkịtị na-efe efe na ọrịa na ike ga-hụrụ fọrọ nke nta n'ebe ọ bụla n'ụwa. The ọrịa nwere ike ime n'ihi na ingestion nke dị iche iche bacteria ma ọ bụ Koch si nje na-akpata. The ọrịa na-emekarị-ebute site ná site airborne ụmụ irighiri mmiri na nwere a arọ mgbaàmà, ya bụ:

• dizziness;
• mmiri ụkwara;
• coughing elu ọbara;
• n'adịghị ike anyị;
• fever;
• aghara aghara arọ ọnwụ;
• n'abalị sweats.

Tuberculin na-contraindicated na ọnụnọ nke dị iche iche na akpụkpọ ọrịa, nfụkasị Jeremaya, ụkwara ume ọkụ, àkwụkwụ, na-efe efe. Anaghị eme ka sample na maka otu ọnwa mgbe ịgbanye immunoglobulin ma ọ bụ a ndu sample.

Ịchọpụta Otú Nsogbu TB

Ndabere nke ikike, nke mebiri emebi site ụkwara nta - bụ ìhè. Ọzọ esịtidem akụkụ-ata ahụhụ nnọọ obere na ọrịa a. Ekwe Omume nchọpụta ụkwara nta iji fluoroscopy, CT (agbakọrọ Tomography), X-ray, tuberculin akpụkpọ ule (Pirquet nnwale) na ndị ọzọ ụdị nke laabu ule. Iji ịchọpụta ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa a rụrụ otu ugboro n'afọ nke ọrịa.

Gịnị bụ mmeghachi omume patch ule?

Otu n'ime ụzọ ndị mgbochi nnyocha na ụmụ TB bụ Pirke sample. Nke a immunological ule nwere ike na-egosi na e nwere na-eto eto organism, ọbụna ná mmalite nkebi nke TB ọrịa. Mmeghachi omume ka ọdịdị nke tuberculin mmeghachi omume a na-akpọ Pirke, na ọ na-akọwa ahụ susceptibility ka Mycobacterium ụkwara nta. Pirke sample na-mere na ndidi ama na onye toro eto afọ otu dị ka a na-achịkwa analysis na-eleru irè nke ọgwụgwọ.

mejupụtara nke sample

The mejupụtara nke sample abatakwa tuberculin - a pụrụ iche wepụ si bibie bacilli Koch, mepụtakwara azụ na 1890 site German dọkịta Robert Koch. Ọ bụ nke a dọkịta onye chọpụtara ọrịa ndị dị ka ụkwara nta. Hood eji mmalite 1907. Ná mmalite, ọ lubricates ikpa ma na-ekiri mmeghachi omume, na mgbe tuberculin malitere agbalị ga-ndinọ subcutaneously.

Taa Pirke sample onye mejupụtara na-agụnye a ngwakọta nke gburu mycobacteria omenala filtrate nke ụmụ mmadụ na Bovine ụdị, e nwere ọtụtụ ndị nke dị iche iche afọ iche iche. E wezụga ifịk umi isi - tuberculin Pirquet sample-agụnye ndị dị otú ahụ ọzọ bekee:

• salts nke phosphate echekwa ngwọta ;
• sodium chloride.

Olee otú nke a si mee?

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke sample onye mejupụtara dabeere tuberculin, bụ cutaneous ngwa nke ọgwụ. Anụ ahụ nke aka ma ọ bụ ubu ọma disinfected naanị carbolic acid, n'ihi na mmanya-dabeere umi ekpe na akpụkpọ protein, nke bụ ekwesighi maka ọcha analysis. The mbepụ mere na akpụkpọ iji pricking omimi nke bụghị ihe karịrị 5 mm. Onye ọrịa nwere ike mkpa ichere ruo 5 nkeji, ruo mgbe ngwọta na-etinye obi gị dum na ndị fọdụrụnụ jiri nwayọọ hichaa na a akwụkwọ towel. Mgbe usoro, onye ọrịa nlekota Ẹnịm maka 48 awa na nyochara na-egosi maka mmeghachi omume gị n'ụlọnga.

Dị ka a n'ihi nke tuberculin ebe ọkọ ebilite kpọmkwem mbufụt (papule) nke a na-triggered site na otu ìgwè nke T-lymphocytes. Ọ bụ ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara-ahụ maka TB ọgụ. The anụ nwere ike ịgbanwe na agba na njupụta na papules. Nke a nchoputa usoro a na-eji na-adịkarịghị n'ihi na nke ala ọmụma ọdịnaya na ala-achọpụta ọrịa arụmọrụ. na-atụ aro mgbe ikpe na n'iru pụta nọ na-mere:

• idebaihe ebe ebe sample e;
• ehichapụkwa papule dị iche iche ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ma ọ bụ ointments;
• papule mechie plaster;
• rachighaa ma ọ dọkatụrụ adọka.

pụta

On nkezi, mgbe a Pirke ule, nwale nke na-arụpụta a rụrụ mgbe 2-3 ụbọchị, ie 48-72 awa. Na ebe scratches, e a na-elekwasị anya nke iyatesịt mere. Ya ebe tụrụ ndị dọkịta. The results na-nkewa ya mere mgbe a sample Pirquet:

• ọnụego hụrụ maka kacha nta exponent metering papules (na nkezi ruo 5 mm);
• ọgụgụ 3 mm na-egosi mkpa nke re-ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na re-mmalite nnwale N'ihi;
• ma ọ bụrụ na hụrụ papule sitere na size si 4 10 mm, ọ bụ puru omume na ọrịa na-arịa ụkwara nta ma ọ bụ mmadụ na a n'ihe ize ndụ otu (ie na-adịgide adịgide na ọnụnọ na kọntaktị na nje onye);
• Ọ bụrụ na iyatesịt center nwere akụkụ site 10 ruo 15 mm ma ọ bụ ọnyá hụrụ na saịtị nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa, nke a na-egosi na-atụ aro a elu puru nke ụkwara nta na ọrịa.

gụsịrị akwụkwọ ikpe

Nke a na ụdị ọmụmụ bụ mma na a cutaneous ngwa ngwaahịa via ọtụtụ scratches. N'ụzọ dị iche na omenala version nke ọmụmụ, na sample na-graded chọpụta esi achọpụta ọrịa uru na usoro chọpụta ọdịdị nke asọ tuberculin. Skin ule a rụrụ site n'itinye ka akpụkpọ tuberculin na 100%, 25%, 5% na 1% ịta. Nkwadebe nke anụ a rụrụ n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka omenala nketa Pirke sample. The mbepụ na-etinyere nditịm iji, na n'otu oge ahụ na e nwere dị iche iche na nnọọ pipette. N'ihi na onye ọ bụla ndidi na-eji nanị akpali mmasị ihe. Mgbe ọdịdị nke "na-acha ọcha mpịakọta" i nwere ike wepụ remnants nke tuberculin. Nke a na ụdị nchoputa esiwak rụrụ iji chọpụta ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ nke ụkwara nta.

The results na-graded sample

Skin testing gụsịrị akwụkwọ Grinchara Karpilovskaya na inyocha mgbe 48-72 awa mgbe usoro. Ịmata ihe dị iche dị otú ahụ Jeremaya mere dị iche iche kasịnụ nke tuberculin:

• anergic mmeghachi omume (ọ dịghị ihe merenụ na sample);
• nonspecific mmeghachi omume (naanị ike na-edebe ihe a nta nācha ọbara-ọbara na sample na a 100% ịta nke ihe ngwọta) ;
• normergicheskaya mmeghachi omume (agafeghị oke kwuru, omume nke organism na tuberculin na nzaghachi sample na 5% na 1% ngwọta nke na-abụghị existent);
• hyperergic mmeghachi omume (n'ihi e ji a nzaghachi nile ụdị samples, na elu ịta nke a tuberculin ngwọta, nke ukwuu omume);
• hara nhata mmeghachi omume ụdị (mere niile samples nwere otu papules, anụ na agba na nha nke foci nke mbufụt);
• paradoxical mmeghachi omume (na a elu ịta na a sample nke tuberculin hụrụ ihe akpọ mmeghachi omume).

N'ihi ya, anyị na-enyocha a usoro nke nchoputa ka Pirke sample. Ịkpata ya na-adịghị ekwu okwu banyere orunótu nke ọrịa ke idem, ma ọ bụ na a onye nwere ikike ife efe ndị ahụ siri ike. Ọ na-egosi na ndị Jeremaya mere na causative gị n'ụlọnga nke ụkwara nta. Pirke sample (Mantoux ule - ya ọzọ) a na-ewere amanyere bụ iwu nke a na nwa.