Plasma engines: akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụdị nke ahụmahụ,

N'ihi na ogologo oge ọrụ na ohere ga-eji electrorocket pụrụ ịdabere engines na iyuzucha ike ọsọ nke plasma banyere narị ise mita kwa abụọ na ndị ọzọ. Plasma engines amalitela ifịk ifịk ịzụlite ọbụna n'etiti narị afọ gara aga. Taa, a na-aga n'ihu.

Malite nke research

Na ohere, nna nna anyị hà nwere ogologo chọrọ ofufe. Ọ dịwo anya e ifịk ifịk ekpep gas site electric agbapụta n'ahụ. Nke a na-enịm ke otu iko ite na electrodes. Mgbe ahụ, mgbe nsogbu pụtara ìhè emanating si cathode, nke N'ezie, dị ka mgbe e mesịrị chọpụtara bụ a iyi nke electrons.

Na 1886, a chọpụtara na-caving na cathode na-abụghị uzo si ọzọ ibé na-agbatị - na ionized gas atọm. Ma mgbe ahụ, n'ezie, m amaghị na ha ga-eji na-emepụta reactive nzube.

Na ụbọchị nke Soviet Union na laboratories of Physics na Technology, Siberia Alaka mepụtara na ionic plasma thrusters itinye a technology na ngwaọrụ maka ohere ụgbọ elu. Malitere ọrụ na fifties nke iri abụọ na narị afọ. Abụọ na ụdị ngwaọrụ e meghere:

• erosive moto (usu);
• a anyịnya plasma thruster (na-abụghị pulsing).

Abụọ ndị a na umu na-eji a ụbọchị.

Ozize na anyịnya

A plasma thruster, nke a maara taa, na-arụ ọrụ site na a reactive ike si plasma ugboelu nozulu. N'oké plasma a kpụrụ site electric agbapụta n'ahụ. Maka mfe ọkọnọ moto usu mode họrọ (erosive plasma ome osooso). The ike isi iyi na-eje ozi dị ka a capacitor, capacitance nke bụ 0,5 microfarad, na a voltaji - 10 kV. Ebubo ya na-abịa site transformer diodes na resistors.

Dị otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ na-kpụrụ obere na ezi na-akwadoghị akwado nzube nke na-apụghị nwetara mgbe eji ndị ọzọ ụdị rọketi engines. Ịga nke ọma ule nke usu plasma thrusters e ẹkenịmde ke 1964 na ohere "Zond-2" ojii.

SAP bụ otu maka ome osooso na ogologo mpaghara na na mechiri emechi nwayọọ nke electrons. Otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ na-enwe ike rụọ ọrụ ruo ogologo oge. Abụọ engines xenon e mbụ oru na 1972 n'ụgbọ ahụ Soviet "Meteora."

Ụkpụrụ: prototype

echichi ọrụ a rụrụ dị ka ndị a. Voltaji maka capacitor bụ a ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị mkpoko nke na-eduzi ugbu a, na electrodes nke orùrù ụlọ. N'elu-eru mmebi voltaji uru nke moto electric orùrù-ulo-egosi. Ikuku na-ewe iwe ruo iri puku nkeji na-enweta plasma ala. Jisie mgbali na-abawanye na plasma ugboelu na elu na-agba na-erite site nozulu.

Rọketi, nke na jikọọ na engine na-enweta a reactive ike si ugboelu. Mejuputa soft adiana nke bọl amị na mmasị agha na n'ihi counterweight echiche ziri ezi.

Ndị kasị sie ike akụkụ bụ electric nkeji mkpoko ọkọnọ ugbu a. Gaps n'etiti electrodes ga-adị ọzọ karịa ọkara milimita. Mgbe ahụ, ike nnyefe si condenser na-fọrọ nke nta ka furu efu, na ọ dịghị ọzọ na esemokwu na-hiwere ya mgbe rọketi amalite bugharia.

The agha onwe ya na dum plasma rọketi engine nwere ike dị iche iche nha, ma ga-soro mkpa ike isi iyi na capacitor size. Gbakọọ isi mmiri na rọketi imewe bụ adaba iji mgbe ịgbakọ circuit dị ka pụrụ iche formulas.

The ibuo ụkpụrụ nke atụ

On ihe atụ nke a gaghị agara voltaji na puku mmadụ isii watts na capacitance nke 0,5 10 (-6) f nwetara dị ka a n'ihi nke mgbawa ike wepụtara na-ulo bụ hà 5.4 J. Ma ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche ga-10000K,-ulo olu ọ ga-hà ọkara a cubic sentimita.

Mgbe ahụ eletriki circuit ọcha ga-abụ:

• 5000V * transformer 220 enwe a ike nke 200 watts;
• wirewound resistor enwe a ike nke 100 watts.

Nlereanya a nwere ọrụ voltaji nke ihe karịrị otu puku volts, na otú ị ga-abụ nnọọ anya mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ na ya, ma hụ na ndị niile dị mkpa nchekwa ụkpụrụ.

nchekwa iwu n'oge nnwale

1. Na-agba ọsọ na-eburu otu onye. Ndị ọzọ nwere ike na-eguzo efep ke a anya si otu mita site na ngwaọrụ.
2. All arụmọrụ na mwube ya aka aka nwere ike mere naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ná mgbagwoju si ike ọkọnọ, na-eche ọ dịkarịa ala otu nkeji mgbe na. Mgbe ahụ, capacitor nwere oge igbapu.
3. The ike isi iyi ga-emi odude ke idem nke metal, emechi n'akụkụ niile. Na-arụ ọrụ, ọ na-ebe site na a ọla kọpa waya, onye n'obosara kwesịrị dịkarịa ala iri na ise millimeters.

Plasma engines a rọketi kwesịrị nwere a ike nke ọtụtụ puku ugboro ọzọ! Ikekwe ndị taa enịmde nwere na obere samples of echi ga-emeghe ọhụrụ, ohere na Njirimara nke plasma.