Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - ụwa nke wilderness

Nnukwu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na jụụ ebe nke idobere dị na mara dum ndụ ụwa, na-echebe ya na ha ịhụnanya na-ele ọbịa.

World debeere agwa - idobere "Big Kokshaga"

Top ebe "Big Kokshaga" anya dị ka ihe-adịghị agwụ agwụ green kapet, kpachie convolutions osimiri (dị ka a dị ọcha-acha anụnụ anụnụ), interspersed na-egbuke ọdọ mmiri. Ebe oké oké ọhịa interspersed na swamps na ala ahịhịa juru.

Crown mgbakọ pine osisi na-dochie anya gbara ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ pine na osisi nwayọọ gịrịgịrị birches. E nwere nke a onu na ndị ọzọ na a mara mma aha - Oke ohia Zavolzhe.

History nke e kere eke, obodo atụmatụ

N'afọ 1993, na p. Volga River (ekpe tributary) e kere site na steeti Nature Reserve "Big Kokshaga" ala ebe nke 21,4 hectare Ọ na-emi odude 40 kilomita n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke isi obodo nke Mari El (Yoshkar-ola) na Kilemarsky na Medvedev ebe. Tupu mgbe ahụ, Mari El Mari bụ idobere. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-erechapụkwa ke 1972 na-ekpo ọkụ, akọrọ summers.
The isi nzube nke na-eke a na-echebe mpaghara - nchedo oke ohia na ókè-ala n'etiti ndịda apịtị na deciduous ọhịa.

The n'ókèala na-anọchi anya na mbara ọzara (osimiri na glaciolacustrine). The kasị elu mgbe ndị ala - 132,2 m elu oké osimiri.

Na ngụkọta e nwere osimiri Big Kokshaga bụ banyere 20 osimiri na iyi.
The nchekwa umu ebe na-emi odude 3 ọdọ mmiri - Kosheer, Kapsino na Shusher. Nke ikpeazụ - ndị kasị ibu. Na ụdị, ọ bụ ihe oval mirror ogologo ya 1250 m, obosara nke 600 mita. Ọdọ bụ miri nnọọ emi (15 m), karst malite. Jupụta osimiri mmiri n'oge opupu ihe ubi mmiri.

The ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke moderately continental, na pụtara na-ekpo ọkụ summers na ọnọdụ winters na ike frosts.

Kasị Kokshaga osimiri, oké ọhịa

Kasị Kokshaga - kasị osimiri nke mba ahụ, nke bụ a ekpe tributary nke osimiri ahụ. Volga. Ọ obe ókèala ndị idobere na ihe ndị kasị Central akụkụ nke ya.

The osimiri, nke natara aha na Nature Reserve, bụ isi mmiri akwara.
On a ikpọ emerald agba ndabere mmiri na ya n'ikperé mmiri adahade ebube oak - mma na nganga nke idobere.

Unique floodplain ọhịa osisi oak ndị a adigide obodo. Ebe e nwere ndị agadi, ị nwere ike gwa ndị oge ochie oak, na-eto eto na Ome.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" mejupụtara tumadi nke oké ọhịa, bi ya nnukwu ebe - 95% nke ókèala. The kpagburuibe pine ọhịa, nke na-eto eto ndammana dị iche iche gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ. Nke abụọ kasị ukwuu bụ birch. Ha ugboro pụtara na ubi ịkpụ ma ọ bụ àjà nsure ọkụ na ọkụ nke oké ọhịa, ya bụ, ha na-abụọ.

Nke a udi apịtị ka ebe ndị a na-enye spruce, bi 7.5% nke idobere na-enwe a bukwanu ọcha osisi hardwood (Aspen, birch, Linden).

Ha na-tumadi dị na ndagwurugwu nke osimiri na ugwu nke idobere.

The iche iche nke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" nwere ya oké ọhịa, ala ahịhịa juru na marshes karịa 700 ụdị osisi, na-anọchite anya ihe dị ka ọkara nke ngụkọta dị na Republic of Mari El.

The saa mbara nkịtị di ala ala apiti kpuchie birch na alder. On obere ebe nke floodplain ala ahịhịa juru na-emi odude.

Fir ọhịa jupụtara na mosses na lichens. E na-hụrụ banyere 200 iche iche ụdị nke algae, lichens banyere 250 umu. The rarest - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar akpa ume na usnea blooming.

Ma e nwere ọtụtụ nkịtị dịkwa ka usoro ha gburugburu idobere, na n'ókèala hụrụ ha ọzọ obere umu: Osinovik ọcha, Hericium staghorn na ndị ọzọ.

A ọhịa idobere fauna na-anọchi anya ndị na-esonụ na ọrụ: ọtụtụ elk, ùrúrù, ndi na-edozi, boars. Ha na-ebi ebe a na carnivores: marten, polecat, ermine, mgbe ụfọdụ aja aja bear na wolf.

Birds na-ọkọnọ grouse, grouse, isi awọ cranes, abà, Ikwiikwii, hawks na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. . Wdg Ha na-ebi ebe a na-ufe nke Red Book: peregrine agụ nkwọ, nwa stork, osprey, agwọ ugo.

Bara ọgaranya nke ukwuu na ebube onyinye nke Nature Reserve. "Ọtụtụ Kokshaga" na-echebe ma na-echebe ebe obibi nke ihe ndị kasị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ umu nke osisi. Ọ epipogium leafless, Dactylorhiza Baltic na ndị ọzọ karịa 11 umu orchids nke ugwu oke itunanya mara mma. The kasị ama na-ele na Republic - a mara mma nwanyị akpukpoukwu. Ebe ọ bụ na Germination nke mkpụrụ a ịtụnanya osisi tupu okooko na-ewe ebe ruo afọ 17!

Na-adịghị ahụkebe n'oge ochie osisi

Cloudberry etolite squat na mba na na idobere. Nke a na osisi na-etolite site na ice afọ. Ọ maara na ọ bụ a mmasị beri nke oké Russian na-ede uri Alexander Pushkin.

Ọzọ nnọchiteanya nke ndị kasị ochie osisi Chilim na-ese n'elu mmiri (ma ọ bụ Water chestnut), nke bi a na-ekpo ọkụ Shusher ọdọ.

"Ọtụtụ Kokshaga" - a Nature Reserve. Ọ chekwara oge ochie ụdị ahịhịa.

The kasị obere ụdị idobere (Original Mix) - poplar (ma ọ bụ Populus nigra), dị na floodplain nke osimiri Big Kokshaga. E nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ osisi e depụtara na Red Book: sceptridium multifidum, ogwu, Lycopodium-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (osisi-eri ibe) na Dianthus Superbus.

The idobere bụ bara uru n'ihi na ọdịdị na ebe-amalite site na ya iwu, enweghị ihe ọ bụla ụmụ mmadụ ọsọ enyemaka. Ọzọkwa, a na uru enwekwu na afọ.

Ekele mee mgbe a ụfọdụ oge, mgbe ochie ọhịa a ga-egbutu n'ụzọ, ọ ga-enwe ike iji ya tụnyere ma nyochaa otú ndị mmadụ na mmepeanya na-enwe mmetụta dị ịrịba ama pristine uwa, na ihe ọ gaara enweghị mmetụta na ya.