The nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe mmanụ site SAE na API

Gear n'ígwè ọmụmụ eji gia igbe, nyefe mgbe, axles na n'iru usoro. E nwere ọtụtụ ụgbọala, nke a na-wụsara ke otu nnyefe moto mmanụ. Ma na ụfọdụ usoro, nke bụ isiokwu karịsịa arọ na ike ibu, na ebe mmanụ ụmụ irighiri mmiri na alụlụ si na ọ bụ ike ina chọrọ ọkọnọ mgbali nnyefe mmanụ.

Nnwekọrịta site iche iche iche iche na iche nke moto ọmụmụ. The nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe mmanụ na-ike dị iche iche.

nakweere nhazi ọkwa

Otu nke mba classifications bụ nkewa nke viscosity. Nke a nhazi ọkwa a na-akpọ a nnyefe mmanụ SAE. Ọ mmanu ekewa asaa na klas, anọ nke - oyi (denoted site n'akwụkwọ ozi W), ma ndị fọdụrụ atọ - afọ. All-oge na-akanye na-agụnye abụọ designation atụ, 80W90, 75W140 na ndị ọzọ.

Ọzọ nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe mmanụ, kpọrọ ihe API, na-atụ aro a nkewa n'ime isii dị iche iche. Ha na-eji dabere na nzube, n'ihi na nke nke na-enye ya ụdị gia, kpọmkwem ibu na okpomọkụ.

Nhazi ọkwa gia mmanụ site SAE ndepụta

Nke a nhazi ọkwa e mepụtara site na American Society of Engineers. Ọ ghọrọ ebe mara. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala maara na ọ dị mma karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ.

Class n'ígwè ọmụmụ viscosity bụ na onye nwe ntuziaka nke ọ bụla ụgbọala.

Họrọ site na eziokwu na nke a nhazi ọkwa awade gia mmanụ, dabeere na thermal na gburugburu ebe obibi na-egosi, nke a ga-ejikwara ụgbọ ala. Viscosity Njirimara na-ekpebisi ike na ikwu na ihe nweta nke 150,000 CP Brookfield. Ọ bụrụ na a bara uru na-karịa, na pinion aro biarin malite usoro nke mbibi. Iji zere nke a, ị kwesịrị ị na-erube nnọọ na-eso na-atụ aro nke ala-okpomọkụ data, ị na-ahọrọ nri mmanu.

Ọ bụrụ na ụgbọala na-ndokwa na-arụ ọrụ na a okpomọkụ nke banyere mwepu iri atọ degrees na n'okpuru, na-adabara ntuziaka nnyefe hydrocracked ma ọ bụ sịntetik lubricants, na viscosity semisynthetics 75W-XX na a ịgba viscosity nke 5000 CP.

High okpomọkụ na-ekpebisi ike na 100 degrees. Dị ka ya nkọwa nke ihe nweta ga-amalite imebi ala, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ị ga-abụ n'okpuru nduzi nke a n'ime 20 awa na ndị ọzọ.

Nhazi ọkwa nke gia mmanụ viscosity: nkọwa

Ebe a, dị nnọọ ka na engine, n'ígwè ọmụmụ iche site na a n'oge a kara aka ndabere:

• Winter - 70W, 75W, 80W, 85W;
• Summer - 80, 85, 90, 140, 250.

Na nke a nhazi ọkwa, dị a nkewa adabere na ya, ebe ọ bụ na dị iche iche Nsukka nwere onwe ha akpan akpan development.

Ma SAE J306 ọkọlọtọ, n'ihi na ihe atụ, nwere dị otú ahụ choro ka zutere nnyefe oke mmiri. Ya mere, ha ga-ebu otu ogo oyi ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ usoro, ma ọ bụ a Nchikota ma degrees. Ọ pụrụ isi ike dị nnọọ abụọ degrees nke oyi.

Ọzọkwa, ọ bụrụ na ẹkedọhọde engine lubricants ke nso site 0 60, nnyefe nso si 70 250.

Ya mere Mmepe na gbalịrị igbochi omume njehie mgbe ahọpụta mmanụ. N'ihi ya, ọ bụrụ na moto na nnyefe oke mmiri na nwere otu viscosity, site SAE ụkpụrụ ha ga-adị iche.

API n'ozuzu

Universal nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe mmanụ niile, Ewoo, bụghị ma e kere. Ma API klas maka ntuziaka gearboxes ịgụnye ndị lubrication bụ kasị adaba.

Dị ka ya ụgbọala na-eji mmanụ otu GL-4 ma ọ bụ GL-5. GL-4 adabara arụzi na hypoid Kwadobe na gburugburu bevel abụọ na na-eji na-agafeghị oke climates. A GL-5, ma e wezụga n'ihi a agafeghị oke, nwere ike n'ọrụ na aka ike na gburugburu na dị iche iche nke gia.

Iche iche iche iche nke API

Ka anyị tụlee ihe niile na iche na-anọchite anya ndị nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe API mmanụ.

Group GL-1 iso ịnweta n'ígwè ọmụmụ. Ndị a mmanụ bụ enweghị nwekwara, ndị ọzọ karịa ndị nke nwere antioxidant na mgbochi ụfụfụ Njirimara.

N'ihi GL-2 na-agụnye mmanụ na-emegide esemokwu nwekwara nke ozi iji irighiri Kwadobe na ala n'usoro ọsọ.

GL-3 - a mmanu, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ha nwekwara, nke na-agụnye na nwere wear na-eguzogide Njirimara. Ha na-eji a gearbox na ọtụtụ nkebi na maka n'iru, isi na hypoid Kwadobe. Mmanụ na-agba ọsọ gburugburu bevel gia ụzọ e mere iji na-arụ ọrụ na ala gbapụrụ ọsọ na n'okpuru oké ọnọdụ.

Group GL-4 nwere nnukwu pasent nke nwekwara. A na-agụnye ndị nwere mgbochi Njirimara. Ha na-tumadi-eji na ụgbọala na ot gearbox. Lubrication bụ ike arụ ọrụ nke ọma dị otú ahụ transmissions, ebe e nwere elu na-agba na obere rotational torque, ma ọ bụ Anglịkan.

N'ihi GL-5 nwe n'ígwè ọmụmụ, ike na-arụ ọrụ na-esi ike ọnọdụ, ebe ọ dị mkpa ime ka oké mgbalị iji merie na-eme na ibu. Ndị a mmanụ na-eji dị iche iche na ụdị nke ụgbọala na ọkpọkkpọk o-moto. Ide maka hypoid Kwadobe, ụzọ abụọ nke Kwadobe, na-arụ ọrụ na punches. Lubricants nwere a ukwuu nke nwekwara, dabere na serofosfornyh mmewere na iji belata likelihood nke metal burrs.

GL-6 mmanụ na-enye ezi arụmọrụ ọbụna n'okpuru njọ. Ha irè nagide rotational ọsọ, elu torque na mmetụta ibu. Ha na-ji ọnụnọ nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nwekwara mgbochi tụnyere ọzọ dị iche iche. Ma nke a mmanụ otu na-adịghị na-eji.

Otutu gia mmanụ dabeere na ịnweta mmanụ arụpụtara. Synthetics a na-eji nnọọ adịkarịghị.

ọzọ classifications

The nhazi ọkwa nke nnyefe mmanụ site SAE na API bụ ihe kasị nkịtị. Ma e nwere ndị ọzọ nkewa. Dị ka ihe atụ, a iche iche na udi na-agụnye mmanu n'ihi na akpaka gearbox. Ha na-adịghị kpuchie dị ka ihe API nhazi ọkwa nke gia mmanụ. "Ọrịa" "Total", "Mobile" na ndị ọzọ na-emepụta na-eduzi ha onwe ha arụmọrụ ke imewe nke n'ígwè oke mmiri.

nhazi ọkwa nke ATF

Mmanụ n'ihi na akpaka igwe na-ese na-egbuke egbuke na agba, ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-adịghị mgbagwoju anya na ọ bụghị jupụtara ya na ntuziaka nnyefe. Ọzọkwa, adịghị mix dị iche iche acha mmiri,

Nhazi ọkwa maka akpaka nnyefe, nke gaara otu n'otu, maka ntuziaka nnyefe, ha na-abụghị. Ya mere, na-emeso a nke ndị na-emepụta onwe ha. Ihe atụ, na General Motors iji Dexron nhazi ọkwa na Ford - Mercon.

nhazi ọkwa ZF

A maara ụlọ ọrụ na-enweta nhazi ọkwa Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, obere ZF. Ọ bụ a ndú n'etiti European Nsukka nke gearboxes na moto nkeji. Ebe mepụtara ya nhazi ọkwa, ụlọ ọrụ na-enye a na-elekwasị anya na ha na klas na usoro nke àgwà na viscosity.

N'ihi na onye ọ bụla KP kwere ya mmanụ. Nkewa na-enye ma alphabetic koodu, na dijitalụ.

Gịnị bụ ihe ndabere na-ahọpụta

Nhazi ọkwa nke gia mmanụ nke API, SAE, wdg nnọọ mfe nhọrọ. Ma na-mmanu kwesịkwara ịghọta ihe nsogbu ọ ga-edozi. Otu n'ime ha bụ:

• gbochie ukwuu esemokwu na ụba wear nke na-ebupụta nke Kwadobe ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ nnyefe mmiri;
• ume tinyere n'ihi na e kere eke nke film ga-belatara;
• eke okpomọkụ mwepụ;
• ịkwụsị ma ọ bụ iwelata ọxịdashọn usoro;
• dịghị oghom mmetụta na mmeghachi omume nke gia akụkụ n'elu;
• ndị na-abụghị ntinye n'ime mmeghachi omume na mmiri;
• ichebe mbụ Njirimara n'oge ruo ogologo oge nchekwa;
• Mbelata ụzụ na vibration eme n'oge nnyefe ọrụ;
• unselected nsí uzu oku mgbe ewe iwe.

N'ụzọ ziri ezi họọrọ gia mmanụ ga-ọma dozie nsogbu ha ma nyere ịgbatị ndụ nke ígwè.