The rheological Njirimara nke ọbara - ihe ọ bụ?

Arụzi ụgbọala, na-amụrụ deformation na eruba e ji mara ezigbo continuum, otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya nke - na-abụghị Newtonian oke mmiri na-enwe bughi viscosity, rheology sikwa. N'isiokwu a anyị na-atụle rheological Njirimara nke ọbara. Ihe ọ bụ, ọ ga-aghọ doro anya.

definition

A na-ahụkarị ndị na-abụghị Newtonian ọmụmụ - ọbara. Plasma na-akpọ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ nke na-enweghị ụdị ọcha. Blood ọbara bụ plasma, nke kọrọ fibrinogen.

Hemorheology ma ọ bụ rheology, n'ibu ịgagharị ihe nakawa etu esi, akpan akpan dị ka a mgbanwe fizkolloidnye ọbara Njirimara dị iche iche gbapụrụ ọsọ na na dị iche iche na ngalaba nke bed arịa. Ya Njirimara, ọtọ steeti n'ọbara, ndị contractile ike nke obi-ekpebi ije nke ọbara dị n'ahụ. Mgbe linear ike ọsọ nke eruba bụ obere, ọbara ahụ na-obibi yiri axis nke arịa na onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Na nke a, na layered ọdịdị nke eruba na eruba na-akpọ laminar. Ya mere, ihe bụ rheological Njirimara? On a - on.

Gịnị bụ Reynolds Number?

Na ikpe nke na-amụba linear ike ọsọ na-uku a ụfọdụ uru, dị iche iche maka niile arịa, laminar eruba ga-aghọ a vortex, agazi akpọ n'ọgba aghara. The mgbanwe ọsọ laminar eruba jupụtara n'ọgba aghara na-ekpebi Reynolds nọmba n'ihi ọbara arịa emejupụta ihe dị ka 1160. Dị ka Reynolds nọmba ịgbā nwere ike ịbụ naanị na ebe nnukwu arịa branching, nakwa dị ka na aorta. N'ihi na ọtụtụ arịa laminar ọmụmụ Nkea.

The ọsọ na shiee nchegbu

Ọ bụghị nanị na olu na linear ọbara ike ọsọ ndị dị mkpa, abụọ ọzọ dị mkpa parameters mara na ije na arịa: na ike ọsọ na Shea nchegbu. Ji voltaji shifting ike eme na vaskụla elu unit na a tangential direction na n'elu, tụrụ na Pascals ma ọ bụ dynes / cm ^2. The shiee ọnụego na-tụrụ na inverse sekọnd (s-1), na ọ pụtara na ịdị ukwuu nke ike ọsọ grajentị n'etiti n'ígwé ẹbiet na-akpụ akpụ ọmụmụ kwa unit anya n'etiti ha.

On ihe parameters ndị dabere rheological Njirimara?

The ruru nke nrụgide shiee ọnụego na-ekpebi ọbara viscosity, tụrụ na mPas. Na dum ọmụmụ viscosity na-adabere na shiee ọnụego nso nke 0.1-120 ^s-1. Ọ bụrụ na ndị shiee ọnụego> 100 ^s-1, viscosity mgbanwe bụghị otú akpọ, na-eru a shiee ọnụego nke 200 ^s-1 bụ fọrọ nke nta na-agbanweghi agbanwe. The uru tụrụ na a elu shiee ọnụego, a na-akpọ asymptotic. The isi na-emetụta viscosity - a cell deformability ọcha, hematocrit na aggregation. Ma nye eziokwu ahụ bụ na mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie tụnyere platelet na leukocytes ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ ha tumadi chọpụta mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie. Nke a na-egosi na rheological Njirimara nke ọbara.

viscosity ihe

The kasị mkpa ịchọpụta na viscosity - olu ịta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, ha nkezi olu na ọdịnaya, nke a na-akpọ hematocrit. Ọ bụ mkpokọta 0.4-0.5 l / l na kpebisiri ike site centrifugation ọbara n'omume. A plasma - a Newtonian ọmụmụ, na viscosity nke nke na-ekpebi ihe owuwu nke na-edozi, na ọ na-adabere okpomọkụ. Viscosity bụ kasị dị ịrịba ama mmetụta globulins na fibrinogen. Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta kweere na ndị ọzọ dị mkpa nke na-eduga a mgbanwe plasma viscosity - bụ ruru nke na-edozi: albumin / fibrinogen, albumin / globulin. Mụbara aggregation na-adị mgbe kpebisiri ike site na-abụghị Newtonian omume nke ọbara n'ozuzu ya, n'ihi erythrocyte aggregation. N'ahụ erythrocyte aggregation bụ a reversible usoro. Nke ahụ bụ ihe ọ na - na rheological Njirimara nke ọbara.

Education erythrocytes aggregates na-adabere na ihe n'ibu, hemodynamic, electrostatic, plasma na ndị ọzọ. N'oge, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe e kwurula na kọwaa usoro nke erythrocyte aggregation. Best maara taa bridging ozizi nke usoro site nke àkwà mmiri nke krupnomolekulyarnyh protein, fibrinogen, Y-globulins na-adsorbed n'elu mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie. The ike nke aggregation net - ọdịiche dị n'etiti shiee ike (na-akpata disaggregation), a oyi akwa nke erythrocytes electrostatic repulsion, nke na-ezighị ezi na ebubo, ike na àkwà mmiri. The usoro maka fixation nke na-ezighị ezi na ebubo macromolecules na mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, ie, Y-globulin, fibrinogen, bụ ma doro anya nke oma. Anyị adị uche na ụmụ irighiri rube ekele achụsakwa-agha nke Van der Waals agha, na-adịghị ike hydrogen agbụ.

Na enyemaka na-amata na rheological Njirimara nke ọbara?

N'ihi ihe ụfọdụ, e nwere ihe aggregation nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie?

Nkọwa nke platelet aggregation nwekwara akaụntụ depletion, a enweghị elu-molekụla edozi nso erythrocytes, ya mere mmeghachi omume mgbali na-egosi, yiri na ọdịdị na osmotic mgbali nke macromolecular ngwọta, na-eduga na convergence nke kwụsịtụrụ ahụ. Ke adianade do, e nwere a ozizi na-ejikọ ndị aggregation nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie si erythrocyte ihe na-eduga na a Mbelata nke zeta nwere na mgbanwe metabolism na udi nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie.

N'ihi na nke mmekọrịta nke viscosity na erythrocyte aggregation ikike ịma ọbara rheology na karịsịa ije nke-ya nile, anyị mkpa ka o duzie a mbara analysis of arụmọrụ data. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị na ngwa ngwa dị ụzọ ji atụ aggregation - ihe ntule nke erythrocyte sedimentation ọnụego. Otú ọ dị, ot version nke ule, obere ihe ọmụma, n'ihi na ọ dịghị n'ime akaụntụ rheological e ji mara.

ụzọ ịtụ

Dị ka ọmụmụ nke ọbara rheological e ji mara na ihe na-emetụta ha, anyị nwere ike ikwubi na ntule nke rheological Njirimara nke ọbara na-emetụta ndị aggregation ala. Naa, na-eme nnyocha na-akwụ ụgwọ ihe anya na-amụ microrheological Njirimara nke a ọmụmụ, kamakwa mkpa na viscometry agaghị efu. Basic ụzọ ji atụ Njirimara nke ọbara nwere ike kewara abụọ dị iche iche: ndị nchegbu ubi na nje homogeneous - konusploskost, okirikiri, cylindrical na ndị ọzọ na rheometers enwe dị iche iche geometries arụ ọrụ akụkụ; na ubi-akpata nsogbu na-emesi ya ike dịtụ inhomogeneous - na ụkpụrụ nke aha nke now, eletriki, n'ibu vibrations, ngwaọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na Stokes usoro, capillary viscometers. Ya mere tụrụ rheological Njirimara nke ọbara, plasma na ọbara.

Abụọ na ụdị viscometers

The kasị zuru ebe nile ugbu a nwere ihe abụọ na ụdị viscometers: rotational na capillary. Viscometers na-eji, n'ime cylinder nke floats na ọmụmụ a na-anwale. Anyị na-na-arụsi dị iche iche mgbanwe rotational rheometer.

ọgwụgwụ

Ọ kwesịkwara kwuru na ịrịba ọganihu nke rheological technology dị nnọọ na-enyere anyị na-amụ Biochemical na biophysical Njirimara nke ọbara na-agba ọsọ mikroregulyatsiey na metabolic na hemodynamic ọrịa. O sina dị, ugbu a n'oge na mmepe nke ụzọ maka analysis of hemorheology, nke ga-ahụ anya na-egosipụta aggregation na rheological Njirimara nke Newtonian oke mmiri.