Ụdị epupụta nke osisi

Akpụzi nke epupụta, okooko osisi na mgbọrọgwụ nke osisi na-nnọọ iche iche. Taa, anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere otu n'ime akụkụ nke ihe niile akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ osisi. Ọ bụ akwukwo. Ọ bụ dị azuokokoosisi, na-mpụta ọnọdụ na ya. Akwukwo udi dịgasị ukwu, nakwa dị ka ha nha. Dị ka ihe atụ, a duckweed, mmiri osisi, ha na-atọ millimeters n'obosara. Ọ nwere ike iru ruo otu mita mpempe akwụkwọ Victoria Amazon. Ụfọdụ ebe okpomọkụ n'ọbụ aka na a ogologo nke 20-22 m.

General e ji mara nke osisi epupụta

Leafless osisi na-anọchi anya a broom iche iche nha. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ ike ikpebi ọdịdị ya na oyi, bụ mgbe okpueze gba ọtọ. Osisi na epupụta, dara oyi, adịghị na-eto eto, ma nọgide na-adị ndụ. Nanị mgbe blooming ha na-amalite na-ebi ndụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-enweta ha e ji mara udi. List - nke a abụghị axial ahụ, ma ọ na-jikọrọ ya na ihe azuokokoosisi, nke bụ agbanahụ axis.

Na psilophytes, ndị kasị ochie n'ala osisi, e nweghị ahụ dismemberment, maara anyị. Ha mebere atumatu na-adịghị ekenyela mgbọrọgwụ, akwukwo na azuokokoosisi. Ọ mere na mgbe e mesịrị. Modern osisi akwukwo udi na nzukọ dị nnọọ plastic. Site na esiwe na mgbọrọgwụ nke ndị a ozu bụ dị iche iche e ji mara atụmatụ. akwukwo Ome bụ ya mpụta ozu. Ha na-kpụrụ surfactants (exogenously) dị ka bumps emi odude ke cone ibu. Otú ọ dị, doo onwe ha nke na-eto eto enweghị. Ha na-eto isi. Ha bụ kpọmkwem ndị ọzọ mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ axial akụkụ. The uto nke ụfọdụ mmachi ogologo oge.

Akwukwo Ọdịdị: iwu na wezụga

Lamina bụ ogologo òkè nke mpempe akwụkwọ. Petiole - steblevidnaya ya kacha dịrị warara akụkụ. Ọ bụ site na ya na azuokokoosisi-ejikọ ndị akwukwo agụba. Base - akụkụ nke nke bụ mmasị na azuokokoosisi ọnwụ. Mgbe ala na-stipules.

Dị ka a na-achị, na Ọdịdị nke epupụta cerebro-abdominal (dorziventralnoe). Ụgbọelu nke symmetry bụ otu onye, ya ekewa ha abụọ halves symmetrical ọ bụla ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, ndị a iwu nwere ọtụtụ gupuru. Ka ihe atụ, fronds epupụta (ferns) na-eto eto n'ọnụ. Ma ihe ndị pine ndudu, ọ enwekwu na size na a afọ ole na ole. Na pine agịga na-eto eto gusset ibu ke ukot.

Otú ọ dị, ndị kasị eju anya wezụga a na-achị nwere ike-atụle doo Welwitschia mirabilis. Ọ gymnosperms, nke a na-achọta na South Africa (Kalahari Desert). Tumboobrazny ogwe Welwitschia mirabilis (40 cm na ịdị elu na 1 m n'obosara) forms naanị 2 Ibé akwụkwọ. Ha ogologo bụ atọ mita. Ụdị doo remnevidnaya, ha na-leathery. Ndị a epupụta anwụ na nsọtụ na ke ukot bụ mgbe niile na-eto eto. N'ihi ya, ha ndu ndimmadu nwere ike gafere 100 afọ.

Olee otú were epupụta?

The elu epupụta nke dịgasị iche iche bụ nnọọ ukwuu nke na a otu nhazi ọkwa usoro dabeere na otu ma ọ bụ karịa àgwà, ike-kere. E nwere ọtụtụ classifications, nke anyị na-ugbu a na-akọwa.

Nhazi ọkwa nke petiole

E nwere ụzọ atọ nke azuokokoosisi mmasị ka epupụta. Osisi na-eguzo na petioles-enweghị ka ha. Ke akpa idaha, na epupụta nke osisi na-akpọ petiolate, mgbe nke abụọ - sessile. The isi nke ụfọdụ osisi na-eto eto, na-ekpuchi nzukọ azuokokoosisi. Na nke a mpempe akwụkwọ a na-akpọ mmamiri. Esiwe na-amasị na-etinye ego na ya. Ọ bụrụ na sedentary osisi akwukwo tụlee stalk ala, ọ na-akpọ decurrent. Otu ihe atụ - a uke. Ọ bụrụ na a na osisi akwukwo na-ekpuchi azuokokoosisi, ọ na-akpọ amplexicaul.

Ethers na epupụta

Gaba ọzọ nhazi ọkwa. Akwukwo diski nwekwara ike ịbụ nnọọ iche iche dị na ụdị, size, Ọdịdị, na ndị ọzọ kwa. E nwere ike ịbụ otu ma ọ bụ karịa. Ọ bụrụ na e nwere nanị otu ndekọ, epupụta na-akpọ dị mfe. Ụdị epupụta nke osisi na nke a nwere ike ịbụ oval, gburugburu, lanceolate, oblong, egg ekara, linear, obratnoyaytsevoy. Mgbe ọtụtụ efere na a otu petiole, ọ bụ a mgbagwoju umu. Location lamina nwekwara ike ịbụ dị iche iche. Ụdị epupụta (mgbagwoju) nwere ike dị ka ndị a: preryvistoperistoslozhnoy, trizhdyperistoslozhnoy, dvazhdyperistoslozhnoy, imparipinnately, parnoperistoslozhnoy, palchatoslozhnoy, Ternate.

Otú ọ dị, dị mfe epupụta adịghị mfe otú ahụ. Tụlee ihe nke a bụ ihe atụ nke ọtụtụ osisi monstera. Ya ndepụta mejupụtara naanị otu lamina a na-ewere mfe otú ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ya udi bụ nnọọ aru. The epupụta nke ụdị na-akpọ dissected. E nwere ndị ọzọ na ụdị. Ọ bụrụ na efere adịghị gafere ịkpụ-ebe nke n'obosara, udi nke lobed epupụta nke osisi. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ebipụ site a nke atọ, ọ na-akpọ a gbawara n'etiti. Ọ na-eme na ịkpụ mpempe akwụkwọ esịmde isi veins. Na nke a, na udi nke osisi kporo dissected.

The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbepụ, ọdịdị nke akwukwo pupụtara na n'ọnụ

Gaba ọzọ nhazi ọkwa. Osisi nwere ike ịdị iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na mbepụ na mpempe akwụkwọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ekewa atọ, ọ na-akpọ troychato- ma ọ bụrụ na 5 - palchato- ma ọ bụrụ na a ibu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akụkụ - peristo- (dissected, gbawara n'etiti, naa).

Akwukwo pupụtara nwekwara nkewa ụdị. Igbunye a plurality nke forms :. Ovoid, * Tụkwasị na, lanceolate, lanceolate, linear, oblong, obi ekara, akụ ekara, wdg Site n'otu isi nwekwara ike were na n'ọnụ ya. Kacha nkịtị ụdị nke mpempe akwụkwọ ihu - integral (ezigbo ihu epupụta). Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ di iche iche. Ekenyela toothed, crenate, kolyuchezubchatye (spiny), serrate udi meandering akwukwo nsọtụ.

Geterofiliya

Ị maara nke a echiche? Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na epupụta na otu oge ịse nwere ike a dị iche iche udi, agba na nke ukwu. Nke a na onu bịara mara dị ka geterofiliya. Ọ na-ahụkarị ihe atụ, maka arrowhead, buttercup, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na umu.

osisi akwara

Mgbe atụle akwukwo osisi nwere ike hụrụ na e nwere veins. Nke a conductive arịa. Ha na ọnọdụ na mpempe akwụkwọ nwekwara ike ịdị iche iche. Venation - bụ a ụzọ nke akwukwo ndokwa. E nwere ọtụtụ di iche iche ya: Net (pinnate na mkpịsị aka) dichotoma, aak yiri. N'ihi monocots e ji mara aak ma ọ bụ ihe yiri veining, na maka bipartite - net.

Anyị na-amam na-atụle na tụnyere osisi terebinth na maple epupụta, chọpụta ha udi.

oak epupụta

Oak - osisi na-ahụkarị nke ọnọdụ climates. Ọ nwere ike dị na n'ógbè dị iche iche nke Northern Hemisphere. Tropical ugwu - ndịda ịgba nke ya ibu. Ya epupụta bụ leathery. Ha jide a osisi Evergreen umu ruo ọtụtụ afọ, na ndị ọzọ ụdị ada n'afọ ọ bụla, ma ọ bụ ịnọgide na alaka, na dries nwayọọ nwayọọ daa. Ụdị oak akwukwo bụ a naa. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ụfọdụ, e nwere ndị dum. Nke a na ụdị ihe oak akwukwo hụrụ ụfọdụ Evergreen umu. The-acha ọcha, n'ihi na ihe atụ, akwụkwọ bụ nnọọ nnukwu (ruo 25 cm). Na nke a ụdị osisi oblong-oval udi mpempe akwụkwọ. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke okpueze na-aghọ na-egbuke egbuke red agba?, Na okpomọkụ oge na-agbanwe ya na agba na-enwu gbaa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mgbe ala akụkụ-aghọ ọcha. Ikebe epupụta dịgasị ọdịda. O nwere ike ịbụ na ọgaranya odo odo na burgundy. Bụla mgbụsị akwụkwọ epupụta adịghị agbanwe agbanwe.

Red Oak (ma ọ na-akpọ North) - a ogologo osisi (ruo 25 m), nke nwere ok okpueze. Ya epupụta bụ nnukwu, nwere a mụwo agụba. Aha ya bụ osisi nwetara n'ihi nwa ehi, nke nwere a ọbara ọbara na agba na mgbụsị akwụkwọ na mmiri.

maple epupụta

Eurasia bụ n'ụlọ ka maple. Ọ bụ a deciduous osisi na oké, mechie, obosara okpueze. Mgbe elu ọ esịmde 30 mita. The osisi nwere ike ndụ n'okpuru mma ọnọdụ ruo 200 afọ. Ya epupụta bụ nnukwu, ha n'obosara bụ 18 cm. Ha akpọ veins. Mmetụta Maple Leaf bụ dị ka ndị: o nwere 5 pupụtara, na-eduga kapịrị ọnụ lobes. Na nke a atọ n'ihu pupụtara adịghị si dị iche na onye ọ bụla ọzọ, na abụọ ala dịtụ nta. Ahazi recesses bụ n'etiti ha nile. Petioles ogologo. Ma na agba, ọ na-dịgasị dabere oge nke afọ. Na okpomọkụ na epupụta ndị gbara ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'elu na ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'okpuru. Na mgbụsị akwụkwọ ha na-aghọ aja aja, red, maroon na aja aja shades.

Ya mere, anyị na-atụle ihe ndị bụ isi udi nke epupụta. N'ikpeazụ, anyị na-agwa banyere ọrụ ha.

pụtara epupụta

The kasị mkpa ọrụ bụ guzobe organic okwu. Large na ewepụghị mpempe akwụkwọ efere catches ìhè anyanwụ. Ọ na-ewe ebe ke epupụta nke usoro nke photosynthesis. Na enyemaka ha, osisi na-anwụ na-amịrị mmiri. Ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe osisi ike nke usoro, na-emechi na-emeghe stomata. Ke adianade do, na-enyemaka nke akwukwo gas mgbanwe emee. Carbon dioxide na oxygen nri site na stomata. Oxygen dị mkpa n'ihi na iku ume, na carbon dioxide na-achọ a osisi maka njikọ nke organic bekee. N'oge akwukwo ọdịda enweghị isi bekee na-ewepụ, elu nke keikuku akụkụ mbelata na oghom oge. Osisi anwụ na-amịrị obere mmiri, okpueze accumulates obere snow, nke pụtara na ọ ga na-agbaji.