Vintage nkeji: ndepụta. Vintage ogologo nkeji

N'ụwa taa nke teknuzu okwu na-eji tụọ ogologo, olu, ibu ibu. The ụkpụrụ ndị a anụ ahụ quantities na-doro anya na wụnye nkeji. Tupu biakwa obibia nke usoro ụkpụrụ iji chọpụta size nke ihe ma ọ bụ n'ebe dị anya nke oge ochie unit ịtụ eji.

akụkọ

People na usoro nke ndụ, agha, na ndị azụmahịa eme maka a ogologo oge na-chọpụta quantities nke ngwongwo na mgbanwe, gbakọọ ebe ala ji atụ anya n'etiti obodo, na-eji akụkụ na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ. Izi ezi nke ụkpụrụ nwetara na-enyemaka nke ndị oge ochie jikoro, ọ gaghị ekwe omume na-ekwe nkwa. Ihe odide kasị ochie unit ụkpụrụ - a bụ nke onye ụkpụrụ, na echiche nke mmadụ n'oge a bụ nnọọ ihe nzuzu ya absurdity.

Ka ihe atụ, Japanese "ịnyịnya na-akpụkpọ ụkwụ" - oge nke ịnyịnya na-eyi ahịhịa Horseshoe; Siberia "beech" - ego site nke mmadụ anya nwere ike agaghịkwa ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti mpi a ehi: Greek "nkebi" - na anya gara leisurely ijeụkwụ n'elu oge site na mmalite nke ala zuru ọdịdị nke anyanwụ n'elu mmiri; Persian "farce" - a ọtụtụ nke ogologo, nke nwere ike ga-agwụ agwụ n'ime otu elekere.

The oge ochie mere a gwara banyere ihe ndị oge ochie unit ịtụ eji nna nna anyị hà. Iji chọpụta ojiji na mgbe a na ya, na ọ pụrụ ịbụ na a ọtùtù unit. Dị ka a ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ eji akụkụ ahụ mmadụ na ya n'ụzọ nkịtị atụmatụ: a nzọụkwụ, a ole na ole, n'ikpere aka, na-adịru, fathoms, ụkwụ, anụ ọhịa.

oge ochie rus

N'ihi na oge ochie Russia e ji akọwa okwu maka anya mkpebi siri ike - "nkume si na otutu", "akụ ụgbọ elu," "ụbọchị nke njem." Ndị a ụkpụrụ e ekara naanị ide na a kpọmkwem isi iyi, na perpetrators ndị a omume. E nwekwara ndị ọzọ na nwa afọ Russian oge ochie unit nke ogologo. Ubi - anya nke 20 kilomita, - kọwara Epifanii maara ihe. Nkeji iri na ise - ọkara hectare - eji n'okpuru Ivan dị egwu.

Historical metrology - na sayensị nke na-amụrụ oge ochie unit ịtụ nke anụ ahụ quantities. The oge ochie usoro ịtụ unit jikoro na-bụchaghị agukọta na ntụpọ ụkpụrụ. Ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ ga-tụnyere megide onye ọ bụla ọzọ:

• asaa ụkwụ - hà 3 mita nke,
• inch - 4 sentimita asatọ,
• ikiaka - 2 anụ ọhịa,
• yad - 2 n'ikpere aka
• verst - 500 yaadị.

Iji zere mgbagwoju anya, e nwere ndị pụrụ iche anatara, nke jikoro ruru e debara aha ha n'akwụkwọ. Otú ọ dị, ha nwere ike ghara iwere dị ka ihe ụfọdụ n'ihi na ọbụna na-adịru nwere ike ịdị iche na size. Old unit ịtụ nke anụ ahụ quantities ogide a nnọọ mbara ndepụta, ike ịghọta na mmadụ n'oge a. Ancient agụta ụfọdụ - a iri na abuo orù (12 nkeji), ugboro ise iri anọ Sable (200 iberibe), ibu (144 iri na abuo) - n'oge nwere ike na-anọchi anya na ụdị nke mbụ ntụpọ usoro.

Ịmepụta n'ihe ụkpụrụ na Russia

Old nkeji Russia e ji niile na ngalaba nke mmadụ ọrụ. Malite site XVI na narị afọ Russia gbalịrị igosi n'otu ihe usoro. Na XVIII narị afọ na njikọ na mmepe nke mba ọzọ ahia dị mkpa n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-achịkwa jikoro. Ọ tụgharịrị na di iche iche nke ẹdude nkeji nke jikoro, ihe e kere eke nke ụkpụrụ usoro adịghị mfe. Site 1736 Ukara Sineti kpụrụ a kọmitii nke ọtụtụ n'okpuru idu ndú nke agụ Golovkin, ebe nlereanya jikoro e weere melite a ngo ntụpọ ụkpụrụ ịtụ ụkpụrụ.

N'oge ahụ, mba ọzọ ego na oké ọnụ ahịa ọla ntukwasi n'elu importation n'ime omenala na mgbe abanye mints - uka nke niile na-dị iche iche. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nlereanya nke St. Petersburg Customs, gaa na maka otu ihe, anọwo emeghe maka a akwụkwọ sample. Peter m akara e weere dị ka ihe nlereanya ọtụtụ nke ogologo. Chetverik Moscow omenala mata onye rụrụ ihe.

The edo usoro ịtụ na Europe na Russia

Ọbụna n'oge ọchịchị nke Peter Ukwu Russian akụkụ were English metric usoro. Metrological mgbanwe e kuchiri maka mmepe nke ahia mba ofesi na agha mmiri, karịsịa iji ụkwụ, yaadị na sentimita nwetara shipbuilding. N'okpuru Nicholas m iwu e kuchiri na October 1835, nke guzobere Russian usoro nke ọtụtụ. Ná ngwụsị nke May 1875 site nnọchiteanya nke Tsarist Russia kwetara ka Meter Convention. Ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev raara ukwuu anya na-arụ ọrụ na iwu na metric usoro, nke naanị na 1917 ghọtara dị ka nkịtị.

January 1, 1927 e dochie Nuremberg weighting usoro eji pharmacists, na metric usoro.

Ancient nzọụkwụ ke akụkọ ifo na-na ọrụ

Na nkịtị okwu nke oge a Russian nwoke ochie nkeji, na e okwu ha ẹnịm ke okwu pụta ụwa ọnụ na akụkọ ifo:

• nnukwu mkpụrụedemede - nnukwu dee,
• ọgụgụ - egosi nke uche,
• Kolomna verst - a nnọọ ogologo nwoke,
• oblique asaa ụkwụ na n'ubu - nwoke dị ike wuru,
• si ite abụọ sentimita - a obere ibu.

The oge ochie definition pụrụ mgbe mgbe ịchọta akwụkwọ ndị na-akọwa ihe ndị mere eme na poems na ifo.

ogologo

Ancient unit nke ogologo-eji na Russia kemgbe doo nke Iwu na 1835 ruo 1917:

• mkpịsị aka - banyere 2 sentimita,
• nokot - a obere ihe karịa 1 sentimita,
• inch - banyere 4.5 sentimita,
• nkeji iri na ise - 17.8 cm,
• Ikiaka - dị ka dị iche iche atụmatụ si 38 iji 47 sentimita,
• yad - 71,12 sentimita,
• ụkwụ - banyere 30,5 sentimita,
• asaa ụkwụ - 2,14 mita (nkewa e mere na oblique sazhen -2,5 mita na flywheel - 1,76 mita)
• 1 mile nke - 1,07 kilomita.

Ụfọdụ jikoro nkeji na-mepụtakwara site nna nna anyị hà na-ekpebi ebe. Ndị a anụ ahụ quantities na-eji iji chọpụta size ala, ewu, iri oriri. Ọzọkwa, ndị a na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eje ozi dị ka a ụfọdụ maka na ngụkọta oge nke ụtụ isi na ala. The kasị ama edinam ebe, aha nke nwere ike dị na oge ochie charters - bụ square kilomita, a ọgụ, a nkeji iri na ise, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri.

The kasị nta oge ochie unit nke ogologo-eji na oge a metrology akara. Ndabere nke ụkpụrụ e wheat ọka. Nke a na ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ banyere 2.5 mm.

olu

Vintage unit maka granular na mmiri mmiri ozu na-akpọ achịcha na mmanya jikoro. Back na XV narị afọ, mee ịtụnanya golvazhnya (nnu akpa), Lucknow na cleanings (n'ihi na ọka). Dabere na ala ebe dịgasị iche iche Vyatskaya nri marten, Smolensk gbọmgbọm saptsa Perm, ochie Russian bast na Poshev.

Na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ na azụmahịa tụọ iwesa Ezinaụlọ Ware: boilers, ladles, ite, eso, tubs, Bratina, Konovko. The ikike nke ndị dị otú ụkpụrụ iche iche n'elu a bukwanu nso: na ji esi mmiri ọkụ nwere ike ịbụ site 20 ruo poluvedra bọket.

ibu

Ancient rus jikoro gụnyere usoro ihe ochie nke uka nkeji, na-enweghị ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịnọgide na-enwe ahia mmekọahụ. N'etiti ha:

1. Grand - 0.062 grams, mmiri ọgwụ uka unit.
2. Spool - 4.266 grams, dị ka a ibu unit ọbọhọ ruo nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, bụ hà eponymous mkpụrụ ego.
3. An asatọ - 50 grams, aha ya, nke a ọtụtụ nke ibu were 1/8 uru nke pound.
4. Lot - 12,797 grams, hà na-atọ nke spool.
5. Pound - 410 grams, mbụ a na-akpọ ego obodo. Nke a bụ isi unit nke uka retail na nka ikpe dịrị 96 nke spool, ọ na-eji na-ekpebi arọ nke dị oké ọnụ ahịa metal.
6. Pud - 40 lbs, 16,38 n'arọ. Ọ maara na ojiji nke a ọtụtụ nke ibu e kwuru na ebe ọ bụ na narị afọ nke 12. Ọ na-e agabiga naanị na 1924
7. Batman - 4.1 n'arọ.
8. Berkovets - 163,8 n'arọ, a ukwuu nke ịdị arọ nke ihe n'ùkwù ahia. Bjork abịa site aha nke agwaetiti ahụ. Ọ bụ Ẹkot 10 pudam. Ọ mara kwuru na a ụfọdụ n'akwụkwọ ahụ isi gaa n'omume nke XII narị afọ.

Asụsụ mba ọzọ n'ihe jikoro

Na oge a ndụ, ndabere nke mmesho usoro bụ kilogram, mita na abụọ. Ndị a ụkpụrụ maara na a pụrụ ịdabere. Otú ọ dị, oge ochie unit ịtụ na physics n'ọrụ site mba ụfọdụ ruo ugbu a.

The British usoro:

1. British pint - banyere 0,57 lita.
2. FL oz - 30 ml.
3. Gbọmgbọm - maka dị iche iche bekee dị iche insignificantly olu bụ banyere 159 lita. Ọ nwere ike ije ozi dị ka a ọtụtụ nke ego nke mmanụ na-mara maka biya, "French", "English" gbọmgbọm.
4. Carat - 0,2 grams. Ọ na-eji na-ekpebi uka nke gemstones.
5. Ounce - 28,35 grams. Eji tụọ arọ nke oké ọnụ ahịa ọla.
6. British pound - 0,45 n'arọ.

Chinese jikoro:

1. 1 Do - 576 mita.
2. 1 Liang - 37,3 grams.
3. 1 fen - 0,32 cm.

Site n'oge ochie, ụmụ mmadụ mkpa a usoro nke na-amata ọtụtụ dị iche iche na-ahụ quantities. Ọ dị mkpa tụọ ibu na olu, iji chọpụta anya, mara na oge. Mkpa nke ezi nha ụba na mmepe nke ọha mmadụ. New okwu maka n'ihe nke ụkpụrụ, ma ọtụtụ mgbe na akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ na-ekwu kwa ụbọchị akpamfia oge ochie jikoro na-eji oge a ndụ. Ihe Ọmụma nke oge ochie ụkpụrụ na-egosi metric data, ikwe iji chebe ihe mere eme.