Vitaly Ginzburg: biography, ọkachamara ọrụ

Vitaly Ginzburg - ụwa na-ama Soviet na Russian n'ọnụ physics na prọfesọ, academician na dọkịta nke physico-mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị. Na 2003 ọ natara Nobel Nrite. Na na 1950, na mmekota na ama Landau ọkà mmụta sayensị kere a phenomenological ozizi superconductivity.

nwata

Vitaly Ginzburg mụrụ na 1916 na a Moscow ezinụlọ ihe engineer na a dọkịta Lazar Ginzburg Avgusty Ginzburg. Na afọ anọ ekpe na-enweghị a na nne ka ọ nwụrụ nke ịba ahụ ọkụ. Mgbe dị a egwu na ọnwụ n'ihi na e si zụlite nke nwa ewu were Nwanne ya nwanyị Augusta - Rose.

Nwata nọrọ n'ụlọ, na-anata home akụziri. All Filiks na-achịkwa ma na-ọma nna Vitali. Na 1927 ọ kwagara klas nke anọ nke afọ asaa general akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Mgbe ya gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1931, ọ banyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ akwụkwọ.

Ọzọkwa na nkà mmụta sayensị ndụ

Na 1938 ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ya ọmụmụ na Mahadum nke Moscow, ebe a na-eto eto na-amụrụ nlezianya mụọ ihe anụ ahụ na nke mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị, mgbe nke ọ banyere Moscow State University akwụkwọ, ebe ọ malitere ọrụ ya na usoro iwu physics.

Ginzburg Vitaliy Lazarevich (onye biography a kọwara n'ụzọ zuru ezu na n'isiokwu a) ya na nkà mmụta sayensị na-eme na-akwụ ụgwọ uche nke ukwuu ozizi superfluidity na superconductivity. Na na 1950, ya na ndị a ma ama physics Landau chọrọ ozizi superconductivity.

Ọ nwekwara ike na-edozi nnọọ mkpa nsogbu nke kwantum electrodynamics. N'oge agha mere ka mgbalị nile iji dozie nsogbu nke agbachitere nke ala. Na 1940 ọ na-etinye na-atụ ozizi superluminal radieshon na kristal. Incredibly nwere ọgụgụ isi na akọ mmadụ bụ Ginzburg Vitaliy Lazarevich.

The Nobel Nrite

Na 2003, ndị a ma ama ọkà mmụta sayensị e ọdịda nke Nobel chọr'inwe na physics, ọnụ na A. Abrikosov na E. Leggett. Ginzburg-Landau Ozizi kwere kọwaa ụfọdụ thermodynamic mmekọahụ na nyere nkọwa maka omume nke a superconductor na a ndọta. Vitaly Ginzburg, bụ onye mbụ kwuru na ọ bụ oké mkpa ọrụ nke gamma na X-ray mbara igwe.

Ọ maara tupu nke ịdị adị nke radio mmiri na ebili mmiri, nke na-egosi na elu n'ógbè nke anyanwụ okirikiri ọkụ n'isi. Ọ chọrọ ụzọ nke ịgagharị ohere anyanwụ gburugburu iji pụrụ iche redio.

Dị ka Ginzburg-Landau Ozizi, ihe elektrọn gas na a superconductor - a superfluid mmiri mmiri eru site na lattice enweghị ihe ịrịba ama nke ndị na-eguzogide na nnọọ ala okpomọkụ.

Ke adianade do, o natara ọtụtụ enọ, nwa anụmanụ na Ọla bụghị naanị nke Soviet na Russian ọnụ ọgụgụ, ma na-ụwa.

nkwenkwe okpukpe

Vitaly Ginzburg bụ ekweghị na Chineke, ihe mere agọnahụ ịdị adị nke Chineke. N'ihi ya, ihe ọmụma nile dabeere na na sayensị, na-egosi na analysis nke nwere.

Religious okwukwe pụtara na ịdị adị nke ọrụ ebube, nke na-adịghị chọrọ nkọwa si a na nkà mmụta sayensị na-ekwu. Ịgụ kpakpando ọkà mmụta na-ewere a pseudoscience, na akara kpakpando - ọ bụ dị nnọọ fun na ntụrụndụ. Mgbe na-agụ na a magazine kpakpando amụma, a onye nwere ike iri uru na-anọchi anya na ya na-emebi ndụ ha. Physics kwere na gụrụ akwụkwọ mmadụ ga-ekweghị na Chineke, dị ka ihe àmà nke ịdị adị ka e gosipụtara. The otu na-emetụta ịdị nsọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta.

Vitali megidere ozizi nke ụmụaka nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nke okpukpe na-achị. O chere na a egwu onu, mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ bịara ndị nchụàjà na umu-agụ amaokwu si Bible. Ụmụ akwụkwọ ga-eme ka mmepe nke uche na pụrụ iche echiche.

isi ọrụ

Ginzburg Vitaly, onye onyinye o nyere kemgbe uru sayensị maka umu mmadu, bụ akwụkwọ nke na narị anọ isiokwu na iri akwụkwọ na usoro iwu physics na mbara igwe. Na 1940 ọ na-etinye na-atụ ozizi radieshon na kristal. Na afọ isii mgbe e mesịrị, ya na J. Frank mepụtakwara ozizi mgbanwe radieshon, nke pụtara na ókè-ala nke abụọ dị iche iche gburugburu nke a otu urughuru.

N'afọ 1950, ya na Landau ọ bụ na-ede akwụkwọ nke ozizi ọkara phenomenological superconductivity. Na na 1958, o kere ozizi superfluidity na L. Pitaevskii.

n'èzí-eme

Ginzburg Vitaly, onye biography fascinates agụ ọbụna mgbe ọnwụ physics, na-ekwu na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mere na-arụsi ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ ndụ. Na 1955, ọ bịanyere aka na a "akwụkwọ ozi na narị atọ", na a afọ mgbe e mesịrị - a aririọ eduzi megide isiokwu nke iwu na ịchụso "mgbochi Soviet n'ahụhụ na mgbasa echiche." Ọ bụ onye òtù nke Commission, megide ndioru govanmenti, na bụkwa nchịkọta akụkọ nke ọtụtụ n'akwụkwọ sayensị. Otu nwoke gụrụ akwụkwọ, o chere na nke onye na-mụtara ọma dum n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, kụziri sekọndrị. Ọ bụ n'ihi na ndị a ndị mmadụ na dere isiokwu n'okpuru idu ndú nke physics.

ọzọ ihe

Ginzburg Vitaly (akpali eziokwu akọwa onwe ndụ nke ọkà mmụta sayensị) lụrụ di kemgbe ugboro abụọ. Oge mbụ na a gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Moscow State University Olga suede, na nke abụọ - na ihe ibuo physics Nina Ermakova. M nwere a nwaanyị si ya mbụ alụmdi na nwunye na abụọ ndị bụcha.

Nke asatọ ama akpa ke October 2009 na afọ iri itoolu na afọ atọ, nke obi ọdịda. Ọ hapụrụ ihe bara oké uru onyinye ndi mmadu. Vitaly Ginzburg bụghị naanị pụtara ìhè usoro iwu physics, ma a magburu onwe onye. E liri ya na Moscow na Novodevichy na-eli ozu.