"Voivod" (rọketi): ji mara ihe Intercontinental ballistic agha

"Voivod" - a rọketi, nke na-ezo aka arọ Intercontinental ụta na e mepụtara na Ukraine. The mgbagwoju e mere ọgụ dị iche iche iche iche nke zaa, nke na-echebe site na nke oge a agha na-azara ọnụ, ha na-etinyere n'okpuru ọ bụla akpata ịlụ ọgụ.

Agha agha - ike nke Russia

Strategic agha Forces ndị pụrụ iche, n'ihi na ha bụ ndị isi akụrụngwa nke usoro nuclear agha nke mba ahụ. The isi ọrụ nke agha na usoro - igbochi omume mbuso agha na kụrụ dị iche iche nke ọrịa strok usoro zaa nke onye iro. Dị ka akụkụ nke ihe agha ha agha nke pụrụ iche na nzube Russia atọ agha agha na 12 agha formations. Jikeere okụre - a 6 ụdị akụ ụta 4th na 5th ọgbọ, atọ nke na-dabere na mines, atọ - na ala dabeere na mobile.

ụwa kasị dị ike agha usoro a na-atụle ga-a ballistic agha "Voivod". Ọ bụ ike ịnapụta banyere 10 warheads arọ nke 8 tọn na a anya nke 11.5 puku kilomita. Ya nkọwa bụ na ọtụtụ ụzọ dị mma karịa ndị kasị dị ike American okụre.

Olee na-eduzi ule

The mbụ ule nke agha usoro adawo maka afọ ọzọ 1986 - ha ẹkenịmde ke Baikonur. Na mgbe a na nwunye nke afọ, mgbagwoju e tinyere n'ime ọrụ, mgbe nke ọ na-anwale na ojiji nke dị iche iche nke ọgụ akụrụngwa. "Voivod" - a rọketi, nke a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị kasị dị ike n'etiti Intercontinental. Nkà na ụzụ na ngwá nke mgbagwoju ahaghị nhata n'etiti ọgbọ gburugburu ụwa, na a elu larịị nke arụmọrụ e ji mara bụ nkwa na-eji akụ ụta nwere ike ịbụ mfe ịnọgide na-enwe agha na-emeri na parity.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na "Voivod" nwalere siri ike n'ihi nke 43 ịga nke ọma na-ebupụta nanị 36. Ndien akpa igba egbe biri na odida: na roketi, we si m, da azụ n'ime akpati, e nweghị ọnụ. Ma ụdi ule ndidi n'enweghị ihe na-aga nke ọma, na "Voivod" (aka "Satan") a ghọtara dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị pụrụ ịdabere na ụwa. Ọ na-zubere na roket ga-ozi ruo 2022, na mgbe ahụ chere a nnọchi rọketi "Voivod" oge a na Intercontinental ballistic agha "Sarmat".

The isi ihe

N'oge na mmepe nke Nsukka ịhụ iji hụ na a ọhụrụ larịị nke arụmọrụ e ji mara na elu ọgụ irè. N'ihi ya, Intercontinental ballistic agha "Voivod" e mepụtara na-esonụ ebe:

1. Mụbara vitality Pu m KP.
2. Ọ na-echebe ndị na iwu ma akara ngwa na ihe ọ bụla na gburugburu ebe obibi mgbagwoju kwụsie ike.
3. Gbasaa arụmọrụ ike nke retargeting agba, karịsịa mgbe agbapụ na-adịbeghị njikere maka iche-egosi. rọketi ọsọ "Voivod", na mmalite oge nke zuru njikere emetụta arụmọrụ - ha nwere ike ghara tụnyere ihe ọ bụla ọzọ agha usoro ke ererimbot.
4. Na-enye ndị na-eguzogide agba ọsọ na-emebi ihe si n'ala na elu-elu nuclear ntiwapụ.
5. Mụbara obodo kwụụrụ nke mgbagwoju.
6. Mụbara akwụkwọ ikike oge nke na roketi obubata.

Mgbagwoju "Voivod" - a rọketi, nke bụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ime ihe na survivability bụ ọtụtụ ugboro ibu karịa ọtụtụ obere ikuku na-azara ọnụ na usoro.

Gịnị bụ ndị e ji mara?

N'oge anwale rọketi nweela ukwuu iguzogide dị iche iche mmetụta. Ọgụ ojiji nke mgbagwoju bụ ihe rụọ ọrụ nke ọma na ndị ọzọ ngwa ngwa n'ihi na ọtụtụ ihe:

1. Ziri ezi e mụbara site 1.3 ugboro.
2. ebubo e ji ihe ike.
3. Area warheads dilution mpaghara amụbawo 2.3 ugboro.
4. The mgbagwoju na-agba ọsọ site dị iche iche ụdịdị.
5. Nuclear agha "Voivod" na-agba ọsọ ugboro atọ karịa na nguzo-naanị mode.
6. Oge ka readiness halved.

Onwem na a set nke elu oru ngwọta, ọ malitere inwe mma ume ike.

cushioning usoro

Mmepe nke agha usoro e rụrụ dabeere na rụzuru nke gara aga na ihe ndị kacha dị n'oge a engineering owuwu, nkwukọrịta na usoro. Dị ka a na ya pụta, "Voivod" - a rọketi, nke e ji elu arụmọrụ, na-arụ mmiri mmiri mmanụ ụgbọala, n'ụzọ zuru ezu ampulizirovana na e mere ibibi oké egwu ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche dị anya àmà. rọketi development e rụrụ site abụọ-nzọụkwụ atụmatụ nke sequentially ndokwa nzọụkwụ na usoro breeders isi ngwá ihe. Energy nwere nke mgbagwoju e ụba n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe:

1. Ọ mma engine arụmọrụ, emejuputa ezigbo anya akara circuit.
2. The mmanụ ụgbọala oghere propulsion ogbo II e rụrụ.
3. Improvement bụ aerodynamic e ji mara.

Propulsion ozuzu - a anọ na-ulo rọketi engine, nke a kwadebere n'ụzọ na a rotary combustion-ulo - ha na-etinye na-atụ na ụgbọ elu na ọnọdụ. Rọketi a na-eji eluigwe na ala ọmụmụ usoro, nke na-isi ihe na-ngwa ngwa na oru oma nzukọ mmepụta ihe.

management Atụmatụ

Intercontinental ballistic agha "Voevoda" a na-achịkwa ọgụ unit nke nwere a biconical udi nke ahu na nwere obere ikuku eguzogide. agha akara usoro a na-eche n'elu ka iji nweta ọtụtụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ:

1. Ọ ana achi achi arụmọrụ nke mgbe mmetụta nke a nuclear gbawara ọsọ.
2. Ịgba Alụkwaghịm warheads jirichaa elu-nkenke.
3. Ọ na-eji kpọmkwem ezubere iche usoro na-adịghị achọ ọzụzụ pụrụ iche nke ụgbọ elu ozi.
4. Ọ na-enye ime ezubere iche.

Iji dozie nsogbu ndị a a rọketi onwem na a dị ike onboard kọmputa mgbagwoju. Rọketi "Voivod", ndị e ji mara nke na-akpali egwu, atụmatụ pụrụ iche ọgụ na arụmọrụ e ji mara. All àgwà nke mgbagwoju na-egosi na ọtụtụ ule na ikuku na ihe n'ala. Ekenịmde agha ebupụta gosiri na ọ bụ a pụrụ ịdabere na.

Ndị kasị ike n'ụwa

"Voivod" - agha usoro, nke bịara na ọgụ ọrụ na narị afọ gara aga. Na 1979, Chief Designer Utkin V. F. chọrọ ọhụrụ oru ngwọta metụtara ndị agha usoro. Na 1992 ọ nọ na-gbapụ banyere 88 launchers, na rọketi anọgide ndị kasị dị ike na ike na ụwa. Ya ibu - karịrị 200 tọn, na ngụkọta otu salvo agha n'ìgwè nke ike hà 13,000 bọmbụ atọm.

Rọketi R-36M2 "Voivod" na-onwem na elu na modernized mgbagwoju nke n'aka ike nke na-esi merie agha ozize na inwere site na SDI usoro. The agba nwere a 10 warheads, nke na-ekpuchi ibiaghachi na ụgbọ elu na fairing - ha na-enịm na a pụrụ iche etiti ahịrị abụọ. rọketi engine - a anọ na-ulo LRE, nke nwere a rotary combustor - ha na-enwe ọganihu na-arụ ọrụ na steeti mgbe na-efe efe.

Isi iche

1. The agha nwere nnukwu iguzogide emebiri ihe ndị dị ka a N'ihi nke a nuclear gbawaranụ.
2. Ọ nwere ike malitere ọbụna mgbe onye iro gburu na ọnọdụ nke agha usoro.
3. Special ọchịchịrị thermal mgbochi mkpuchi mmemmem Itie nke rọketi site ájá ojii na-kpụrụ mgbe a nuclear gbawaranụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ a mkpuchi na-enye a survivability nke agha usoro.
4. Rọketi a kwadebere n'ụzọ pụrụ iche sensọ na tụọ neutron na gamma-ray osisi ize ndụ larịị. Mgbe rọketi aga nuclear "ero", na-achịkwa usoro a na-gbanyụrụ, na engine na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ.
5. Ka ịmepụta roket ahu nke elu ike ihe eji - oyi-arụkarị ọrụ na aluminum-magnesium (tara mmiri) alloy.
6. Intercontinental ballistic agha "Voivod" bụ na-esi ọtụtụ akara usoro, nke a na-ezo na a kara akara ngwá ogige ụlọ. The usoro a na Nọsi'ike ka ogologo dị ka rọketi doo ahụ dị ize ndụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ngwá agbanyere na akara usoro eji na trajectory nke mgbagwoju.
7. Water rọketi usoro dị mfe, ọ bụ nnọọ obere akpaka ọcha. Ntem, ọ dịghị mkpa maka mmezi.

Agha usoro akpata ike ike mmiri nke mmiri mmiri na mmanụ ụgbọala, ma ọ bụ na readiness gburugburu 25 afọ. Na-emegharị ka ọnọdụ ndị tara akpụ nke ọgụ rọketi Motors: ha amụbawo ọchịchọ ha, mere ihe na-eguzogide ọgwụ isi usoro na ọcha nke mgbagwoju.

Akụkụ nke "Voivod"

The agha "Satan" ( "Voivod") bụ a multi-nzube na e mere iji na-ekere òkè a dịgasị iche iche nke nzube. The pụrụ iche atụmatụ nke mgbagwoju na-agụnye ndị na-esonụ:

1. Malite na-agba site na m.
2. Two-ogbo roket na-agbaba na-elu-manu mmiri.
3. mgbagwoju a na-achịkwa na-akpaghị aka dabeere na na-osisi na kọmputa.
4. dị iche iche nke ọgụ ngwá nwere ike ji mee (warheads).
5. Ike gụnyere naanị na rọketi - ulo oru ngwa agha.

mgbanwe

E nwere ọtụtụ mgbanwe nke "Voivod". First - P-36M UTTKh, nke bụ a na-atọ ndị ọgbọ agha usoro. Ọ bụ ike kụrụ a agha ruo 10 zaa, gụnyere a karịsịa nnukwu ma ọ bụ obere ihe mgbaru ọsọ na square. Nke a mgbagwoju elu ziri ezi nke ọkụ, na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke warheads.

"Dnepr" - kere na ndabere nke mgbagwoju "Voivod" rọketi. Photo na-egosi na nke a bụ a gbanwetụrụ rọketi, nke wara idegharị inyeaka engines nghazi na stabilization, akara usoro, na-eji ihe elongated imi fairing.

Isi atụmanya

Ná mmalite, na n'obi imecha ya maka alerting "Voivod" akụ ụta jụrụ maka 2018, ma ugbu a anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere 2026 afọ. Ọkachamara na-ekwu na ugbua agha usoro karịrị akwụkwọ ikike oge, na oge nke ya alerting ama banyere afọ 24. N'oge, ndị ọrụ rụrụ iji melite ndụ nke agba ka afọ 30, n'ihi ya, ọ na-zubere na-mgbagwoju na agha nke Strategic agha Forces ruo 2022.

Ọkachamara kweere na dịkwuo kacha ekwe omume ọrụ ndụ nke akụ ụta "Voivod" bụ omume ekele eziokwu na ha dị iche iche technical okè, bụ nke na-apụta ìhè imewe na nkà na ụzụ ngwọta okụre. Ọ na-ahụ kwuru na "Voivod" RS-20V ga-agha nke Russian agha agha ruo mgbe 2026.

Nchoputa

Agha usoro, "Voivod" bụ ihe pụrụ iche: ndị mbụ oru na 1986, ọ na-akpata ọtụtụ esemokwu na iche nke echiche. Gịnị na-eri naanị okpu-ebupụta, nke nwere ike kwụsị ndị a okụre ... Ma-adọ modernization na ojiji nke nkà na ụzụ emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na rọketi "Voivod" mechara ghọọ ndị kasị dị ike na ike na ụwa, ọkụkụ ndị a na-egosi na ihe ndekọ akwụkwọ Guinness. N'ihi amamihe kee okè usoro, nke a kwadebere n'ụzọ na a rọketi, ọ bụ na ọrụ dị na njikere maka a nkeji iri na ise na narị afọ.

Agha usoro, "Voivod" ( "Satan") dị mma n'ihi na ọ bụ ya bụ à gụpụrụ na agha na-azara ọnụ, n'ihi na nke mgbagwoju warhead na ụgbọ elu na e so ụgha blocks. The ebe nke ha dispersion na plasma tracks bụ otu dị ka na ezigbo warheads na confuses onye iro. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ nnọọ ala ngwá agha dị na-apụghị iru nke onye iro ọgụ mines. Na ọtụtụ ihe: mgbagwoju ike na-echebe ọnọdụ banyere 10 afọ na-amalite amalite na 30 sekọnd.