Writer Boris Zaitsev: biography, creativity

Boris Zaitsev - ama Russian edemede na publicist mmalite nke XX narị afọ, biri ndụ ya n'ala ọzọ. N'ịbụ ndị a maara maka ọrụ na Christian themes. Karịsịa ihe ndị nkatọ kwuru, "The Life of Sergiya Radonezhskogo", ebe onye dere ọkọnọ ya ele ihe anya na ndụ nke senti.

Boris Zaitsev biography

Mụrụ a magburu onwe ezinụlọ dere January 29 (February 10), 1881 na obodo nke Orel. Nna mgbe were obere Boris-arụ ọrụ na ya na ugwu osisi. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ n'ime ya na nwata na ezinụlọ ala na ụlọ nso Kaluga, Zaitsev mechara kwuo na nke a oge dị ka idyllic uwa chọpụtara na nkwurịta okwu na ezinụlọ. N'agbanyeghị ọdịmma nke ezinụlọ ya, Zaitsev hu ọzọ ndụ - na-emebi ama, uko emepe factory mmepụta, nke nta nke nta nsị ala gbahapụrụ oru ugbo ubi, n'ógbè Kaluga. All a ga-egosi mgbe e mesịrị na ọrụ ya, na-egosi otú ihe a na ọnọdụ emetụta àgwà nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu bụ onye so dee.

Afọ 11 Zaitsev e homeschooled, na mgbe e zigara ya Kaluga ezigbo akwụkwọ, nke ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1898. N'otu afọ, ọ banyere Moscow Institute of Technology. Otú ọ dị, ugbua na 1899, Zaitsev na-ekwe si n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị ka onye so na-amụrụ ọgba aghara.

Ma ugbua na 1902, Boris K. abịarute na ngalaba nke Iwu, nke Otú ọ dị, na-adịghị na nsọtụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na onye dere ekpe maka Italy, ebe ọ na-ebu pụọ site n'oge ochie na nkà.

Mmalite nke creativity

Zaitsev Boris Konstantinovich malitere ede na afọ 17. Ugbua e bipụtara na 1901 na magazin "Courier" akụkọ "na n'okporo ụzọ." Site na 1904 ruo 1906, ọ rụrụ ọrụ "Pravda" mmekorita. ya akụkọ, "Dream" na "The alụlụ" e bipụtara na otu magazin. Ke adianade do, "New Ụzọ" magazine bipụtara omimi akụkọ "Silent dawns".

Nkebi nke mbụ nke ndị dere akụkọ ndị dị mkpirikpi e bipụtara na 1903. Ọ na-ewepụtara na nkọwa nke ndụ nke oké ozu intelligentsia, na-tọrọ n'ime ime ebe, mbibi nke manors, mbibi nke ubi, na-ebibi ma na egwu obodo ndụ.

Ugbua na mmalite nke ya ọrụ, Zaitsev bụ dabara izute ndị dị otú ahụ a ma ama dere dị ka A. P. Chehov na LN Andreev. Na Anton Pavlovich eke me ka onye edemede nọ na Yalta na 1900, na a afọ gasịrị, ọ bịara mata na Andreev. Ma ndị so dee nwere oké aka ná mmalite edemede ọrụ Zaitsev.

N'oge a, Boris K. bi na Moscow, bụ ndị edemede na nkà gburugburu, ebipụta magazin "Dawn", a so na Society of Ndị hụrụ Russian akwụkwọ.

Aga Italy

Na 1904, Boris Zaitsev maka oge mbụ zigara a njem Italy. Nke a na obodo a na-ike masịrị onye dere, na mgbe e mesịrị ọ na-akpọ ya mmụọ ha n'ụlọ. A otutu oge ọ nọrọ tupu agha afọ. Ọtụtụ Italian ahụmahụ kpụrụ ihe ndabere maka ọrụ Zaitseva. N'ihi ya, e bipụtara na 1922 a collection na-akpọ "Raphael", nke gụnyere a usoro nke edemede na-anọ amụta nke Italy.

Na 1912, Zaitsev ndọ. N'oge na-adịghị na o nwere nwa-nwanyi, Natalia.

The First World War

N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Boris Zaitsev gụsịrị akwụkwọ ọzụzụ na Alexander Military School. Na ozugbo biri February mgbanwe, e mere ka onye nēje ozi. Otú ọ dị, ka n'ihu n'ihi na nke oyi baa ọ nwetara. Na o biri ndụ n'oge agha Pritikin ala na ụlọ ya na nwunye ya na nwa ya nwaanyị.

Mgbe agha, Zaitsev ya na ezinụlọ ya laghachi Moscow, ebe ọ na ozugbo họpụtara onyeisi oche nke Russian Union nke Dere. Ọzọkwa, otu oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ a ekwenye shop dere.

njem

Na 1922, Zaitsev ọrịa na-ịba ahụ ọkụ. The ọrịa ahụ siri ike, na n'ihi na-awụ ọsọ mgbake na o kpebie ịga mba ọzọ. Ọ na-akawanye a visa na zitere mbụ Berlin na mgbe ahụ ka Italy.

Boris Zaitsev - dere-onye iji. Ọ bụ site na nke a oge na-amalite ndị mba ọzọ na ogbo ọrụ ya. Site na nke a oge enye ama chere mmetụta siri ike nke nkà ihe ọmụma echiche nke Berdyaev na Solovyov. Nke a n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama-agbanwe ntụziaka okike nke onye dere. Ọ bụrụ na mbụ na-arụ ọrụ Zaitseva emeso pantheism na ikpere arụsị, ma ugbu a ha ghọrọ n'ụzọ doro anya deere Christian nghazi. Dị ka ihe atụ, akụkọ "The Gold ụkpụrụ", a collection of "Revival", edemede na ndụ nke ndị nsọ "Athos" na "Balaam" na ndị ọzọ.

World War II

Mgbe mmalite nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Boris Zaitsev-agwa ya diaries na-amalite na-ebipụta ha. Ihe atụ, na "Renaissance" akwụkwọ akụkọ e biri ebi ya nsonso "Days". Otú ọ dị, na-ama na 1940, mgbe Germany nwere France, mbipụta niile Zaitseva kwụsị. N'ihi na ike nke agha, banyere edemede bụ onye ọrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na magazin ekwughị ihe ọ bụla. Boris K. onwe ya etinyeghị aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na agha. Ozugbo Germany e meriri, ọ na-alaghachi na otu okpukpe nkà ihe ọmụma na-ekwurịta, na ebipụta nchụàjà "King David" na 1945.

The ikpeazụ afọ ọnwụ na ndụ

"Russian echiche" na 1947 Zaytsev Boris Konstantinovich amalite na-arụ ọrụ na Paris akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'otu afọ, ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche nke Union nke Russian dere na France. Nke a na ọnọdụ nọgidere n'azụ ya ruo mgbe ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya. Nnọkọ ndị dị otú ndị juru na mba Europe, ebe Russian gụrụ kwaga mgbe February mgbanwe.

Na 1959, ọ na-amalite a akwụkwọ ozi na Boris Pasternak, na-arụ ọrụ na Munich Almanac "Bridges".

Na 1964, o bipụtara obere akụkọ "The River nke Time" Boris Zaitsev. Nke a bụ nke ikpeazụ bipụtara ọrụ nke onye dere ya, okpu ya ọrụ. Mgbe e mesịrị na ọ ga-bipụtara akwụkwọ nke akụkọ ndị dị mkpirikpi nke otu aha.

Otú ọ dị, ndụ Zaitsev akwụsịghị n'ebe ahụ. Na 1957, nwunye ya na-ata ahụhụ a na oké ọrịa strok, onye dere bụ atọsa ya na ya.

dere n'onwe ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ gbara afọ 91 na Paris January 21, 1972-nke. E liri ozu ya na-eli ozu nke Saint-Nnaji-des-Bois, ebe na-edina ọtụtụ Russian kwabatara ndị kwagara France.

Boris Zaitsev: Book

Zaitseva creativity nwere ike kewara abụọ isi n'ụzọ: doemigrantsky na posleemigrantsky. Nke a bụ n'ihi bụghị eziokwu na gbanwere ebe obibi nke onye dere, na eziokwu na gbanwere echiche na ntụziaka nke ọrụ ya. Ọ bụrụ na akpa oge nke onye dere kpọkuru ọzọ na-ekpere arụsị na pantheistic ahịhịa ya, o kwuru na ọchịchịrị mgbanwe ewe jide ndị mmadụ mkpụrụ obi, na nke abụọ oge, o jiri ya nile anya Christian themes.

Rịba ama na nke kacha mma mara bụ ọrụ ndị metụtara ya nke abụọ ogbo e kere eke Zaitsev. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ n'ala ọzọ aghọwo ihe ndị kasị ọmùmù ndụ nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Ya mere, ihe karịrị afọ ụfọdụ 30 akwụkwọ na ihe dị 800 ọrụ nwere pụtara na peeji nke magazin bipụtara.

Nke a bụ tumadi n'ihi na eziokwu na Zaitsev lekwasịrị anya-ha nile ume edemede ọrụ. E wezụga na-ede ya arụ ọrụ, ọ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na oru ndi na nsụgharị. Ọzọkwa na 50-ies nke dere ya bụ onye so na Commission na translation nke New Testament n'ime Russian.

A ma ama trilogy "Journey Gleb." Nke a autobiographical ọrụ ndị edemede kọwara ya na nwata na-eto eto nwoke a mụrụ na a oké mkpa maka Russia. Ọ na-agwụ ndụ na 1930, mgbe dike maara ya njikọ na nsọ martyr Gleb.

"St. Sergiy Radonezhsky"

Degaara ndị Lives nke Saints Boris Zaitsev. Sergy Radonezhsky a dike ya, ihe atụ nke nke o gosiri na ntughari nke onye nkịtị na senti. Zaitsev jisiri ike a ọzọ doro anya na na; oyiyi nke senti karịa na-akọwa ya na ndụ ndị ọzọ, si otú eme ghọtakwuo Sergius nkịtị na-agụ akwụkwọ.

Anyị nwere ike ikwu na nke a na-arụ ọrụ dunyere okpukpe ọchịchọ nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Zaitsev onwe ya ghọtara onwe m, olee otú mmadụ pụrụ site nwayọọ nwayọọ ime mmụọ mgbanwe ibu nsọ. Onye dere ya onwe ya, dị ka ya dike, ije a ole na ole nzọụkwụ kwupụta mmezu nke ezi ịdị nsọ, na nzọụkwụ ya nile na-egosi na ọrụ ahụ.