Zhokhov Island: nlegharị anya na foto

The Arctic mgbe dọtara uche nke-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na ndị njem, ma ọ ka nta mara n'ókèala, na-eme ka a otutu ihe nzuzo. Onye nke ya omimi bụ ntakịrị àgwàetiti Zhokhova onye bi ejide polar bea ọbụna 8000 afọ gara aga. Nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ nyocha oru ngo na-rụrụ n'àgwàetiti ahụ, na-enye aka zaa ajụjụ ahụ, otú ịgbanwe ihu igwe na ihu nke mbara ala ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ.

Obodo e ji mara nke agwaetiti Zhokhova

Zhokhova agwaetiti dị na mmiri nke East Siberia Sea. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ìgwè ndị Islands De Long, a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị New Siberia Islands. Ọ bụ ókèala ndị Republic of Sakha (Russia). The anya ka Chile bụ 440 kilomita, kacha nso thereto Vilkitsky agwaetiti dị 40 km. Àgwàetiti erukwa n'ogologo site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda bụ 11 km, obosara nke ugwu bụ 10 km pụọ, n'ebe ndịda nke ọ bụ 4 km pụọ.

Total ebe - 58 square mita. km. The elu nke ugwu ugwu teren. Ugwu kasị elu nwere a elu nke 120 mita. On a obere ala e nwere ụfọdụ obere lagoons, ọdọ mmiri, mmiri iyi na-asọpụta na ọhụrụ mmiri. N'àgwàetiti ezigbo ewepụghị n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Na n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ-mkpọda nke nkpoda, ha elu n'ebe ụfọdụ esịmde 12 mita. Emighị emi oké osimiri ụsọ oké osimiri nke agwaetiti ahụ. Ọ freezes ke September, na-etolite a ufọk ufene ice cover kemgbe mmalite nke October.

The geological Ọdịdị nke agwaetiti

Zhokhova agwaetiti ahụ kpụrụ 10-20 nde afọ gara aga. enyemaka Ọdịdị na-emi esịnede n'ala ice na nkume, emi odude ke permafrost. N'etiti ha bụ ndị na nkume nzu, basalt na ksenolitovye ụdị nke e nwere inclusions nke olivine. Ha na-etolite na Oceanic jikọrọ ọnụ, na-ezo n'okpuru oké n'ígwé nke mmanu ndi mere onwe ice.

On n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ala bụ aja-ájá, thawing nke nwere ike ịchọpụta mammoth tusks na rhino ọkpụkpụ ịnyịnya na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ. Nchọpụta ndị a na-atụ aro na agwaetiti Zhokhova, nke bụ ugbu a permafrost mpaghara, ọtụtụ puku afọ gara aga bụ na saịtị nke a nwayọọ idụhe. N'oge geological ọrụ garnet minerals a hụrụ ebe a, zircon, apatite na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ mineral.

Flora na fauna nke agwaetiti

Zhokhova Island, photos nke nwere ike hụrụ na isiokwu, - nke a bụ Arctic tundra. The nkezi ikuku okpomọkụ bụ -7 ° C, n'oge oyi oge ya eruo 40 degrees Celsius na a ifufe ọsọ nke 40 m / sec. Na obere Arctic okpomọkụ, nke na-eme na July na August, ala na-adịghị enwe oge na-nzube ka ha meworo ka omimi karị. Ya mere, osisi ụwa gosiri mkpa mosses, lichens na grasses na-eto eto na obere iche iche. Fọrọ nke nta niile ndị òtù nke osisi na-mbadamba n'ala, gbanahụrụ oyi ifufe. N'àgwàetiti e a na-aga n'ihu ahịhịa cover. Na ọtụtụ ebe na ahịhịa nke omume nkume n'ala. Ma ọbụna ndị dị otú ahụ aka ike na ọnọdụ nwere ike mgbe ụfọdụ hụrụ pola poppies na saxifrage.

N'ihi na oyi na-atụ ihu igwe na obere osisi fauna agwaetiti Zhokhova ọ dị iche iche iche iche. Ebe i nwere ike ịchọta chịrị nke oké osimiri nnụnụ, ma, isi na-anọchite anya bụ nkịta ọhịa na polar bea. Nke mmiri ụmụ anụmanụ bi ebe a, walruses na akàrà nwere emegharị bi na njọ nke Arctic. Ke adianade do, e nwere whales na egbu egbu whales. N'oge okpomọkụ dị na mmiri nke àgwàetiti ị pụrụ ịhụ n'ebe ugwu ọbọgwụ na geese.

Polar weather ebe n'àgwàetiti

Ke 1955, n'àgwàetiti nke pola ọdụ, ọrụ 28 ndị mmadụ a haziri. The aka ike Arctic mpaghara nwere dịghị-adịgide adịgide bi. Gbanwee pola ekenịmde ọ bụla afọ abụọ. Na ebe a na ekwu weather nsuso na-akpụ akpụ seismic ọrụ na mpaghara nke ice akipelago De Long.

Mmanụ ụgbọala maka dizel usoro, ngwaahịa na akụrụngwa nye n'àgwàetiti An-12 ugbo elu. Iji mezuo nke a, na ọdụ e wuru na osisi cottages. Ha nwere ulo, weather ọdụ, radio ụlọ, saloon, usekwu. Mgbe Soviet Union dara, a nwere ihe isi ike na ọkọnọ na mmezi nke okporo ụzọ akụrụngwa. Ego maka ọmụmụ nke Arctic e kwụsịrị. Na 1993 ọdụ e mechiri.

The mkpa maka mmepe nke Novosibirsk Islands akipelago, ọmụmụ nke ice na ọnọdụ na amụma ihu igwe ọnọdụ ọzọ bilie na njikọ na eziokwu na na Arctic hụrụ ego nke mmanụ na gas na ndị ọzọ na ịnweta ego. Na 2014, e wughachiri weather kwuru na mmiri nke dị n'ebe ugwu na oké osimiri. Ihe omume banyere agwaetiti na Zhokhova, nke arụnyere akpaka weather ojii. Ugbu a, ọ Site n'ibu data banyere ihu igwe na Roshydromet.

History nke chọpụtara nke agwaetiti

Mkpa ịmụ Northern Sea Nsoro pụtara na Russia mgbe imeri ke agha na Japan na 1904-1905, afọ ọ were nyefee ogige si Baltic Oké Osimiri n'igbere mmiri na Far East. Iji mee nke a, hydrographic njem e kere. O kpebiri na Itie nke Arctic Ocean si Bering Strait na Barents Sea. Ọ dịghị onye maara mgbe ahụ na ugwu nke ndị Taimyr Peninsula bụ a nnukwu akipelago.

Ruo mgbe 1912 na-ebu research ọrụ Bering Strait na gburugburu osimiri nile. Na 1913, e kpebiri ịkwaga si Chukotka ka Arkhangelsk na icebreaker "Taimyr" na "Vaigach". Nyere ha iwu na ndi-isi nke BA na PA Vilkitsky Novopashenny. N'oge Transition icebreakers nwere ịgbasa. "Taimyr" gara na Cape Chelyuskin, na "Vaigach" malitere ịchọ "Sannikov Land", nke na ọ dịghị mgbe hụrụ. Ebe ọ bụ na oké osimiri bu udo, na ice n'elu bụ fọrọ nke nta na-n'ebe ahụ, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ soro n'ezigbo-aga n'ebe ugwu n'ihu.

August 14, 1914 Watch Officer Aleksey Nikolaevich Zhohov chọpụtara na East Siberia Sea agwaetiti. Ọ bụ na map. Ọ na-aha ya bụ agwaetiti Novopashennym. Mgbe Captain PA Novopashenny kwaga si Russia ke 1926 agwaetiti ahụ renamed na nsọpụrụ nke agwaetiti Zhokhova onyeisi ndị hụrụ ya mbụ.

Zhohovskaya-adọba ụgbọala

Na oge site na 2000 na 2005 na n'àgwàetiti rụrụ gwupụtara. N'oge a, anyị hụrụ na-adọba ụgbọala oge ochie ugwu ndị mmadụ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na ịchụ nta nke polar bea na mgbada. Na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-na agwaetiti Zhokhova. Adọrọ Mmasị na ụdị arịa si mgbe ochie gwupụtara, ha malitere ịmụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Site n'ụzọ, nchọpụta ndị a na-egosi na ndị mmadụ biri ndụ ebe 7,8-8 puku afọ gara aga. Mkpokọta ebe ogwugwu onu rụrụ, bụ 570 sq. m. Na collection of archeological achọta mere nkume, osisi, mammoth tusks, na birch ogbugbo nkata ihe.

Ọ maara na na mmezi bụ n'etiti 25 na 50 ndị mmadụ, bụ ndị ndị inyom. Chọpụtara ihe na-egosi na anụ nke polar bea na-eri eri, nke e na ihe ọ bụla nke dị n'ebe ugwu niile a chọpụtara na mbụ. The oge ochie ugwu ndị mmadụ na-ejide nweta furs. skeletal foduru nke nkịta a hụrụ, nke gosiri na ha na-toro na nke agwaetiti ahụ.

Dị ka a n'ihi nke mgbagwoju research hụrụ na ndị bi n'àgwàetiti Zhokhova so Ural asụsụ ezinụlọ. Ha wee laghachi na Urals na Western Siberia. Ugbu a, ndị East Siberia Arctic region amụ dịkarịa ala. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ihe karịrị akporo nke Russia na-emeri na ọdịmma na bụ nke dị oké mmasị bụghị naanị n'ihi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma n'ihi geologists, ọkà na ndị ọzọ na ọkà mmụta sayensị.