Zuru okè edoghi - axial symmetry na ndụ

Kemgbe oge ochie, mmadụ mepụtara echiche nke mara mma. All mara mma o kere nke okike. N'onwe ya na ọmarịcha ndị mmadụ, ọmarịcha ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi. Joy anya n'anya dị oké ọnụ ahịa na nkume ma ọ bụ crystal nnu, ọ bụ ike na-na-enwe mmasị a urukurubụba ma ọ bụ snowflake. Ma n'ihi gịnị ka nke a na-eme? O yiri ka anyị ziri ezi na zuru ezu na-ele ihe, nri na n'aka ekpe ọkara nke nke anya otu dị na a mirror image.

O doro anya na, akpa echiche nke kachasi mkpa nke mara mma na nka. Ancient ọkpụ na-amụ Ọdịdị nke ahụ mmadụ, na V na narị afọ BC Anyị malitere itinye echiche nke "symmetry". Na okwu bụ nke Greek si na pụtara kwekọrọ, hà na myirịta ebe akụrụngwa akụkụ. Ancient Gris bụ ọkà Plato rụrụ ụka na a mma nwere ike ịbụ naanị na symmetrical na proportionate.

Na nzuógügü, jiometrị na symmetry atụle atọ ụdị: axial symmetry (ikwu na ogologo akara), a Central (ikwu na ebe) na mirror (ikwu na ụgbọelu).

Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla nke ihe ihe n'ime ya nwere ya kpọmkwem nkewa si ya center - esetịpụ a Central symmetry. Ya ihe atụ bụ geometric ahụ dị ka a cylinder, okirikiri, nri prism, wdg

Axial symmetry isi nke a dịtụ ogologo kwuru na a akara obe n'etiti nke isonyere n'ókè na perpendicular ya. Ihe Nlereanya symmetry axis bisector undeployed n'akuku isosceles triangle, ọ bụla ogologo akara mmasị site na etiti nke gburugburu, wdg Ọ bụrụ na geometrical ọgụgụ njirimara axial symmetry, mkpebi siri ike nke specular ihe nwere ike visualized nanị site flexing ya axis na-agbakwunye hà halves "ihu na ihu". The chọrọ mgbe na aka.

Mgbe mirror symmetry nke ihe ihe na-emi odude identically ikwu a ụgbọelu nke na-agabiga ya center.

Nature maara ihe ma ò, otú fọrọ nke nta niile e kere eke nwere a adabako Ọdịdị. Nke a na-emetụta ma ndụ na-adịghị ndụ akpọkwa. N'ihi na Ọdịdị nke kasị iche nke ndụ e ji otu n'ime atọ ụdị symmetry: abụọ-kwadoro, radial ma ọ bụ * Tụkwasị na.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị axial symmetry na ọdịdị pụrụ hụrụ na osisi na ịzụlite perpendicular na n'elu nke ala. Na nke a na-symmetry n'ihi adiana nke yiri ọcha banyere a nkịtị axis na center. The akụkụ na ugboro ole nke ha ndokwa pụrụ iche iche. Ihe Nlereanya bụ osisi: spruce, maple ndị ọzọ. Na ụfọdụ anụmanụ, axial symmetry bụkwa nkịtị, kama ọ na-eme adịghị. N'ezie, agwa na-adịkarịghị ji mgbakọ na mwepụ nkenke, ma myirịta nke ndị ọcha nke ahu ka pụtara ìhè.

Ọkà esiwanye hụrụ bụghị axial symmetry, na abụọ-kwadoro (bilateral). Ya ihe atụ bụ nku a urukurubụba ma ọ bụ a ahuhu dragon, osisi epupụta, ifuru petals, wdg Na nke ọ bụla, ndị ziri ezi na-ekpe akụkụ nke a dị ndụ na ihe na-hà na ndị a mirror oyiyi nke ọ bụla ọzọ.

* Tụkwasị symmetry e ji mara nke mkpụrụ nke ọtụtụ osisi, ụfọdụ azụ, molluscs na nje. A radial symmetry atụ bụ staafishi, ụdị ụfọdụ nke ikpuru, echinoderms.

Na mmadụ anya asymmetry esiwak metụtara na-ekwesịghị ịdị ma ọ bụ handicap. Ya mere, na ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ aka mmadụ deere symmetry na kwekọrọ.