Arctic Cisco ebe omenala, foto, a ban na catch

Nụrụ ụtọ efere si Arctic Cisco enye ọtụtụ esi nri nke ụwa. Nke a bụ ezi nri na a pụrụ iche flavor e ji mara. Ma iji hụ ihe Arctic Cisco, otú na-ekwu okwu, ya eke gburugburu ebe obibi, a obere chioma.

Scientific obibia: nhazi ọkwa nke umu

Mbụ niile, anyị na-enye a na nkà mmụta sayensị nhazi ọkwa. Cisco - anadromous azu, nke bụ nke klas nke ray-finned azụ na-abatakwa Salmoniformes squad. The ezinụlọ, nke bụ Cisco, a na-akpọ Salmon na agbụrụ - Sigi.

The azụ prefers benthic si ebi ndụ, bụ omnivorous. The ebe nke ya ebe obibi na-ekpuchi Arctic Ocean efere na Siberia osimiri.

Gịnị ka "anadromous azụ"?

Okwu ahụ bụ "anadromous azụ" na-emetụta ndị na-ebi ndụ okirikiri gbatịrị ikpe n'ime oké osimiri, na mgbe ụfọdụ na osimiri, nke na-agba ọsọ na a oké osimiri. Dị ka ndị ụdị n'okpuru echiche, na whitefish spawn na osimiri dị na nri mgbakwasị na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri nkebi nke Arctic Ocean. Nke a na ụdị a na-akpọ anadromous migratory azụ. Ọ bụrụ na-akpata azu site n'osimiri na-aga n'ime oké osimiri, mgbe ahụ, ọ na-akpọ catadromous.

anya

Fish omul (foto e ke ibuotikọ) fọrọ nke nta ka ziri ezi, elongated ahu udi. Nke a pụtara na Central axis agabiga n'etiti toso na isi. The ọnụ nke azụ ọgwụgwụ, obere. Elu na nke ala agha bụ nke hà n'ogologo. na-ajụ-sized anya.

Boca mara mma ọlaọcha na agba, na azụ - na a brownish-green tint. Mgbe ụfọdụ anya na n'akụkụ nke a mkpa black straipu. On afọ agba bụ ihe n'ihu n'ihu. Arctic omul kpuchie oké ezi akpịrịkpa. Ntù na ọdụ, nakwa dị ka n'akụkụ, ọlaọcha na agba. Na azụ anya abụba leathery unpaired ntù, emi odude n'azụ dorsal. Ọ mejupụtara adipose anụ ahụ na-enweghị nku azu ụzarị. N'oge na-akpata, ndị ikom na-egosi epithelial growths na-enyere anya ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị nwoke na ndị nwanyị.

akụkụ

Cisco, foto nke-enye gị ezipụta na size nke onye azu, nke nwere ike na o siri ike na-akpọ isi. Middle nnọchiteanya nwere a arọ nke banyere 800 g Mgbe ụfọdụ na-akụ azụ gafee ibu ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, onye ibu nwere ike ruo 2 n'arọ. The ahu ogologo nke nnukwu ụdị nke Arctic Cisco odika 50-60 cm. The ndụ nke ụdị site na 10 ruo 18 afọ.

umu

Na-akọwa ihe ndị Arctic Cisco, na-na-na-ezo aka abụọ na ụdị:

1. Coregonus autumnalis.
2. Coregonus autumnalis migratorius.

The abụọ ụdị a na-akpọ Baikal omul. Nke a azụ bụ jupụtara ejupụta, bi freshwater Lake Baikal. Site ọdọ, ebe na-emebu Cisco, ọ na-aga spawn n'ime osimiri. Nke a na-eme n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, si September ka November.

Baikalsky omul dịtụ ibu karịa ya nkezi ibu esịmde karịa 1 n'arọ. Nnukwu nnukwu azụ ejide site ndị ọkụ azụ, na-enwe a ibu - 7 n'arọ. The nkezi ogologo whitefish bụ 60-70 cm. A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke hypotheses e kwupụtara banyere otú a ụdị nwere ike ihi mmiri nke oké osimiri n'ime ọdọ. Kemgbe ụwa, azụ mgbe e kwuru ka a subspecies nke Arctic Cisco (Coregonus autumnalis migratorius), ma ọhụrụ pụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa samples mata ya dị ka otu nọọrọ onwe ha na umu - Coregonus migratorius.

ọkà mmụta sayensị hypotheses

Ebe ọ bụ na ndị ikpeazụ bullet uche na mkpebi siri ike nke Baikal omul na-erubeghị ịtọ, ọ ga-abụ n'ekpere na-akọwa otú ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-agbalị ịkọwa ya anya na a freshwater ọdọ. Ihe kasị puru amụma 2:

1. Cisco na Lake Baikal bụ a local ụdị, ie ọ bụ a azụ jupụtara ejupụta, bụ ndị nna nna biri na miri nke ọdọ ọtụtụ nde afọ gara aga. Na nkwado nke a amụma na-abụghị nanị na nkà mmụta sayensị eziokwu, ma na-akụkọ ifo isi mmalite (akụkọ na-emeghị, akụkọ, songs). Na dị iche na amụma tinye n'ihu echiche na jupụtara ejupụta umu pụrụ iyi n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ụwa, na salmon, yiri Baikal Cisco ndụ n'ọtụtụ ebe. Ke adianade do, Arctic Cisco ihe dị nta dị iche si Baikal.
2. Baikal omul-egwu mmiri na ọdọ n'oge interglacial oge nke Arctic Ocean tinyere Lena River. Na-agbachitere nke a amụma bụ eziokwu nke myirịta dị n'etiti abụọ umu.

Otú ọ dị, e nyere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọmụmụ, na Baikal omul dịtụ nso ka whitefish. Nke a na-achọ nkwalite nke ọhụrụ chepụtara banyere mmalite nke akọrọ.

The mmachibido iwu whitefish azu na Lake Baikal

Ka ụbọchị, na-Baikal omul nọ na egwu. Ọ na-aghọ na na na naa. Nke a mere ka eziokwu ahụ nke mere ka ajụjụ nke a ngụkọta mmachibido iwu na catches nke ụdị azụ maka 3 afọ, malite na 2017 Nke a na ezu ga-azọpụta ndị na-ele ma weghachi ya dị ka a eke akụ. More ga-nditịm prosecuted chụọ, bụ ndị iwu na-akwadoghị na-ejide tọn azụ kwa afo.

Na-azụ ahịa ga-emetụta, dị ka ahịa na-echekwa na ọ nwere ike dochie Arctic omul jidere na oké osimiri (ezie nụrụ ụtọ dị iche iche).

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na ndị dị otú jikoro ewerela ya na 1969, mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-Baikal omul adi belata. Mmachibido iwu na ike ruo 1979, mgbe nke ọ na-ahụ kwubiri na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mgbake.

Ndepụta na whitefish

Ọnọdụ ebe mbụ omul, jụụ, oxygen-ọgaranya, na dị ọcha mmiri. Live echiche ìgwè ewu na aturu, nri na nnukwu crustaceans, gobies, ighe nke azụ ọzọ. Fish na-atụle omnivorous. Ọ bụrụ na e nweghị ndị ọzọ nnukwu na-eri anụ, ha bụ ndị dị mfe ruo plankton. N'oge udia umu eri nnọọ ike iji weghachi vitality. Opts a gbara osimiri okirikiri, na-emighị emi n'ọnụ mmiri ebe. The mmiri adịghị kwa nnu nnu, kama nnu.

Power Baikal Cisco - zooplankton, amphipods (umu crustaceans), na-eto eto ndị ọzọ umu.

amụba

Na Arctic Cisco mmekọahụ maturation n'akparamagwa 4-8 afọ. Site na nke a oge ya ahụ bụ ihe na-erughị 35 cm. Na echiche nke na-akpata adahade na osimiri, na-agafe mgbe ụfọdụ karịa 1 000 km. On na-akpata azụ aga-adịghị eri, na-akpata na-efunari ukwuu nke arọ. The nwanyị spawn àkwá niile otu mgbe. Caviar si whitefish ala umu. Ọ bụghị nnyapade, banyere size nke azụ bụ nnọọ nnukwu. Àkwá n'obosara site 1.5 na 2.5 mm. Egbu oge caviar anaghị stay na-akpata ahịhịa ya, na ọ na-emikpu n'ime ala esịmde nke osimiri. Kwuru na osimiri. Pechora gosiri na akpata ngwaahịa e gara site ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu si 4 afọ 13. Maka ndụ nke nne-akpata 2-3. Sweeps pụọ àkwá, azụ iyi emikpu n'ime oké osimiri.

Pubati Baikal omul n'akparamagwa na afọ 5 afọ. Site n'oge a, ogologo-ya -. Bụghị ihe na-erughị 28 cm na-akpata na ngwaahịa ugbu ụdị si 4 9 afọ. Na osimiri maka ozuzu Baikal omul aga abụọ shoals. Nke mbụ bụ na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ (September), nke abụọ na okpomọkụ nke 4 Celsius C (October-November). Akpata a họrọ òkè obere okwute nkume-ala na ngwa ngwa ugbu a. Mgbe akpata Cisco enuba n'ime ọdọ mmiri a.

aku mkpa

Omul bụ nke bara uru azụmahịa azụ. Ma ya catch ókè. Ibu ụzọ nri enwetaghị Arctic Cisco ka ihe atụ, na Chukotka mpaghara, bụ ụmụ amaala obodo. Olu nke allowable catch kpebisiri ike site na mpaghara mmepụta nke Commission on ụkpụrụ nke anadromous azụ.