State Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur Region

Russian ala bụ ma ama n'ihi eke mara mma. Iji chebe ha si na-ezighị ezi mmetụta nke mmadụ, na-echebe nkuku na-kere na steeti larịị. Otu n'ime ndị a na ebe bụ Zeya Reserve mkpara onye jisiri chebe agwa bụ fọrọ emebibeghị.

Location na ọdịdị ala

Ya mere, ebe bụ Zeya Reserve? Ya n'ókèala bụ Far Eastern Federal District, na odude nso Russian ókè na China. Administratively kwuru na dị ka Amur Region.

The idobere enyene ọwụwa anyanwụ nke riiji na omimi aha Tukuringa ebe ugwu ugwu teren gafere a obere osimiri ndagwurugwu Zeya, onye nsọpụrụ na aha ya bụ ihe. Adịghị anya bụ obodo nke Zeya, nwere mere n'oge ochie.

The idobere ebe - nanị ihe karịrị 82 puku hectare. Ya ọdịdị ala e ji mkpọda ugwu (ruo 70 degrees) na ewepụghị watersheds na-achịkwa N'ala nke osimiri na ndagwurugwu na 400-600 mita. riverbeds ji oké omimi, ukwuu mbata nghọta n'ọnụ na waterfalls.

History of e kere eke nke idobere

Zeya Reserve e guzobere na ụzọ nke pụtara ìhè Soviet geologist Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Ke ofụri ofụri, oruru ka nọ n'afọ iri abụọ nke narị afọ gara aga, ma ọ kpaliri atụ naanị ke sixties. Birth Year Reserve malitere 1963rd.

Ya isi nzube nchedo creators etinye a akwụkwọ saịtị ugwu na ya na-amụ. Ke adianade do, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ebe a iji nyochaa mmetụta nke Zeya esite na eke na usoro.

Ọrụ rụrụ na idobere ọhịa Rangers, foresters na ha na-enyere aka, na-na ụkwụ, na inyinya, ji ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ na ụgbọ mmiri mgbe nile inyocha ókèala nyere ha na na-na iji.

Ihu Igwe atụmatụ

The idụhe nke idobere bụ moderately oyi. The nkezi afọ okpomọkụ - mwepu anọ isii degrees. Ke ini etuep ke okpomọkụ tụlee na iri atọ degrees n'okpuru efu, na okpomọkụ na-adịkarịghị adahade n'elu vosemnatsati.

Winter doro anya, malovetrenaya akọrọ. Snow dara a obere, ma, n'ihi na ala okpomọkụ na-nọ na mụ, ọ dịghị-agbazekwa na bụ ofụri oyi, site October ka April. The elu nke snow drifts na mbara ọzara na di ala ala ebe esịmde iri abụọ sentimita, ma nso n'eluigwe, ndị ọzọ snow. Na bụla kilometa cover elu na-amụba site iri atọ sentimita.

Spring na idobere ikowa ifufe, ma mmiri ozuzo na-ada kwa ala. okpomọkụ na-nọ na-zuru ezu jụụ. Summer Zeya Reserve juru ya ọbịa na a pụtara ìhè onu - ke n'elu esịmde nke osimiri na ndabere nke udara okooko unmelted ice. Ke ofụri ofụri, okpomọkụ na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ókèala e ji a na-ekpo ọkụ ma na iru mmiri ihu igwe. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ bụ akọrọ na ikuku na-eku. Onye kasị nta ọdịda dara ke October.

Ona na idobere

The ala cover na idobere ike na-akpọ nri. The ọwụwa anyanwụ nke riiji n'ókè na mpaghara nke permafrost, na nke a nwere mmetụta na ala. The na friji oyi akwa bụ mmiri, emecha ekpuchi ugwu na-overdried na nkume. A ala Ikuku na anētiye, on Kama nke ahụ, n'elu-jupụta na mmiri, nke na-anaghị eme ka ọmụmụ.

ọdọ

All osimiri na-agafe ókèala ndị idobere gbasa efere nke osimiri Zeya, nke Zeya esite wuru.

Tupu e kere eke nke mmadụ mere oké osimiri osimiri dị iche kpọchie agwa. Movement na ọ fọrọ nke nta-agaghị ekwe omume n'ihi na nke nnukwu eruba ọnụego na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke shoals na rapids. Banyere ihe ize ndụ nke njem na osimiri na-egosi na aha nke ya akụkụ: Large na Small Cannibals, Ekwensu oven, wdg

Ozugbo ke ndaeyo Zeya ọtọde ya anoghi n'ulo oba, na nso niile hụrụ onwe ha n'okpuru mmiri. Site na-ewu nke ọdọ nwoke jisiri azụ kpọchie. Taa Zeya bụ navigable ma na-ewetara a otutu ihe bara uru karịa mgbe ọ bụla.

Ngụkọta nke ebe n'okpuru mmiri ozu na idobere bụ 770 hectare. Ihe ọ bụ a osimiri. E nwere swamps.

akwukwo nri ụwa

Akwukwo nri idobere mpaghara bụ ugwu-tundra, boreal mgbagwoju. Na ala nke riiji bụ a na-egbuke egbuke larch na a nkpuchi rosemary; dị n'elu bụ coniferous ọhịa na obere ugwu ash, birch na woolly rock (n'ala ebe a na-kpuchie na green akpaetu); na na nnọọ n'elu ihe impenetrable mgbidi na-etolite na-akpụ akpụ cedar.

Ndị mkpọda nke riiji, nke na-degaara ndị esite, ji Manchurian osisi. Plateaulike watersheds ogbenye Original Mix ahịhịa - ha a tundra ebe na-kpuchie na osisi na herbs.

Reserve Zeya mara ogwu Ajan spruce, nke emee ka anya doo ya size. Osisi na-eru iri atọ mita na ịdị elu na nke a mita na girth. Ha na-ebi ruo afọ anọ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ebe fir e mbụ bibiri ọkụ, bụ ugbu a tojuru larch Gmelin.

Iri eghu ahịhịa na idobere bit, na ọ bụ na-abụkarị n'ihi ọkụ, mgbe na ebe nke ọkụ-ogwu Ajan spruce amì apụta odo odo na Sugawara.

The riiji nwere ike na-akpọ Tukuringra ugbu alaeze nke dịkwa ka usoro ha. Ebe a na ha bụ ndị na-ama 158 umu. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-amalite irekasị nwụrụ anwụ osisi. Si oriri iche na hụrụ ka ndị a: ọcha ero, boletus nkịtị, red boletus, greasers, na larch odo agaric n'ezie, saffron, Lactarius pubescens.

Lichens na-hụrụ 155 umu, na-achọta abụọ na otu ụdị bryophytes. 637 ụdị vaskụla osisi nwere ike dị na idobere.

Osisi adịkwaghị ọhịa rosemary, Dahurian rhododendron, blueberries, Rosa acicularis, Spiraea nkezi na asọfe. The ala mmiri na udu mmiri ọhịa na spruce ọhịa e nwere dị iche iche sedges, aconite Lyubarskii, shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asian, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, fern. Akọrọ ọhịa na-eto eto nku, buttercup Japanese, Amur ariara, violet palmate, ọtụtụ ụdị geranium, goutweed ugwu, aster Tatar, Kozelec radiant.

Zeya Reserve: ụmụ anụmanụ na nnụnụ

Tupu e kere eke nke Zeya esite di iche iche nke azu umu na ala na elu esịmde nke osimiri dị nnọọ iche. Mgbe yitewere nke osimiri Zeya ebuka trout, grayling, whitefish, chub ngwa ngwa jụrụ. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ ka elu nke gudgeon, dace, rotan na minnow.

The Reserve n'ókèala na-eje ozi dị ka a akawahade maka ọtụtụ ụdị anụmanụ. Dị ka ugwu si n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda kpaliri fauna nke Eastern Siberia. A osimiri na ndagwurugwu, na-agafe na mkpọda, gabiga a puku mmadụ Amur ụmụ anụmanụ, na-esonụ, na Kama nke ahụ, n'ebe ugwu.

Zeya Reserve bụ ma ama n'ihi na ya feathered, ya bụ nke ọkụkọ, nke na-n'ihu ebe a mma karịa n'ebe ọ bụla ọzọ na Far East. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ọtụtụ umu - hazel grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan na tundra, spruce grouse, wdg

Ma hoofed anụmanụ bụ bụghị ọtụtụ. Ọ nwere ike na-akpọ a munsu, Roe ele, red mgbada na musk ele, ma ọbụna mgbe ụfọdụ na-abịa boar.

N'ime idobere ẹtara Sable, ermine na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ ndị na-weasel. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-abịa gafee a lynx. On n'ikperé ugwu osimiri maka ezinụlọ nke 3-5 ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-ebi wolves. Na niile altitudinal eriri nkịtị aja aja bear. Ke ofụri ofụri, na anụmanụ ụwa na mkpọda nke riiji Tukuringra kpere apịtị.

Nchedo nke obere umu

Work na idobere Aims maximally chebe obere ụdị anụmanụ na osisi, nke e nwere ọtụtụ.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere osisi, na Russian Federation Red Book na-gụnyere, dị ka nwanyị akpukpoukwu (n'ezie na macranthon) epipogium leafless, Paeonia obovata, calypso yabasị, wdg

Otu n'ime ihe ndị nnụnụ ndị obere spruce grouse ama e kwuru n'elu, dị ka nke ọma dị ka a obere ọbọgwụ mmiri, Baikal Teal, asụsụ Mandarin ọbọgwụ, ikwiikwii, agụ nkwọ, nwa stork na ndị ọzọ.

N'ime obere mammals nwere ike ịmata ihe dị iche eri ibe, nke bụ ma ama maka Amur Region na Far East ke ofụri ofụri. Nke a bụ na Siberia tiger. Ọzọ n'ihe ize ndụ umu, na-echebe ebe a - Solongo.

njem

Anyị nwere ike ikwu na Zeya Reserve touristy. Ma, ọ bụ a na-echebe ebe, na ọnụnọ nke ndị mmadụ kwesịrị ịbụ nanị ebe a. Ma ndị bụ ndị kechioma ga-esi ebe, a gara idobere ga-eme ka a otutu fun.

Ige nti njem kwesịrị a ọdịdị ngosi nka, nke meghere ke 1991. I nwekwara ike ndokwa a ụbọchị hiking ma ọ bụ mmiri njegharị nlegharị anya na a nleta Ịsaka.

Goltz akpọ a n'etiti akụkụ nke na nso Tukuringra, ya ndò site n'ugwu tundra ọhịa na cedar elfin osisi. Site na nke a mgbe nke ugwu meghere ebube echiche nke Zeya esite, ọmarịcha ndagwurugwu na The idé. Ke doro anya na ihu igwe, teren n'ụzọ zuru okè anya na a anya nke 150 kilomita.

The dị ọcha ugwu ikuku, pristine ọhịa, ohere izute na ụzọ gị a anụ ọhịa, nakwa dị ka nnyocha e mere na-kpokọtara Gburugburu ka Zeya Reserve bụ nnọọ mma maka njem nleta onye na-achọ ka mmetụta siri ike na-enwe agụụ maka aesthetic ụtọ.