Aron Raymon: sociological ozizi

French ọkà mmụta ndị Juu, bụ ọkà ihe ọmụma na ọkà ná mmekọrịta, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọkà mmụta sayensị, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị echiche Liberal Aron Raymon bụ nchoputa nke epistemological okwukwo na nkà ihe ọmụma nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, onye na-akwado ha megide eziokwu ahụ bụ na akụkọ e kọwaara na okwu nke positivism. Raymond onwe ya kwalitere ụwa ọnụ na deideologization sayensị. Ọ bụkwa a supporter nke ozizi ulo oru otu. Aron Raymon mee ka n'ikuku nke German sociology, n'ihi na ihe atụ, a usoro nke echiche nke Max Weber na France. Dị ka a nta akụkọ, o dere ihe karịrị 30 akwụkwọ. N'ihi na a oge, ọ bụ a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị columnist maka akwụkwọ akụkọ "Le Figaro". Na ndabere nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya sie ike, o kweere na ala ga-ike iwu na ga-ekwe nkwa nnwere onwe, ịha nhata, pluralism, na iji hụ na ha, mmejuputa iwu.

Aron Raymon: biography

N'ọdịnihu ọkà mmụta sayensị a mụrụ na 1905 na Lorraine, na rambervillers, nwa Juu kwabatara, kpamkpam webatara n'ime ha gburugburu. Nna-ya, Gustav Aron, bụ a prọfesọ nke iwu na nne - Syuzan Levi - a ego nwaanyị, a nwaafo nke Alsace. N'oge na-adịghị, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Paris.

Education Aron Raymon nọ Ecole normale supérieure. N'ebe a, o ghọọ ndị maara Jean-Paul Sartre. Ná ndụ ya nile, ha bụ ndị kasị mma enyi, ma n'otu oge nwere ọgụgụ isi na-emegide. Raymond achakwa ha ihe ọmụma na udomo oro na nkà ihe ọmụma na ogo agrégé anakọtara ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke ihe na ndibọhọ akpa ebe. Ọ bụ n'ezie a nnukwu ihe ịma aka! Ka ọ dịgodị, Sartre ke anapụta na-emezughị udomo oro. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 25, Raymond ghọrọ a dọkịta nke nkà ihe ọmụma nke akụkọ ihe mere eme.

na Germany

Mgbe anyị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Paris School Aron ọ gara Germany na ihe nkuzi na Cologne na Berlin mahadum. Ebe ọ na-ahụ otú ndị Nazi ọkụ "smart" akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka ọ na-emepụta ihe mkporomaasi ka aka ike, na fasizim. Mgbe ike na Germany Hitler bịara, o nwere ike ịlaghachi France n'ihi ha na nchekwa.

ozizi

Lọtara, ọ malitere izi mmadụ nkà ihe ọmụma na nkà mmụta mmekọrịta ọha na Mahadum nke Le Havre (gaghị mgbagwoju anya na Harvard). Ebe ọ bụ na 1934, ọ nọwo na-ezi ihe 5 afọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ na Ecole Normale Supérieure, nke otu ugboro okokụre.

Mgbe ahụ Aron Raymon kwagara Toulouse, ebe ọ lectured na-elekọta mmadụ na nkà ihe ọmụma. Tupu mmalite nke World War II o wee akụkụ ke Paris Colloquium Walter Lippmann, aha ya bụ mgbe ama American odeakụkọ. Nke a nwere ọgụgụ isi nzukọ ahụ haziri Louis Rougier.

The agha na ndụ nke Arona Raymona

Dị ka ekwuola, tupu akasiaha agha ọ bụ a prọfesọ nke na-elekọta mmadụ na nkà ihe ọmụma na Mahadum nke Toulouse obodo. Atụba ozizi ọrụ, ọ gara n'ihu na-eje ozi na Air Force na France, nakwa mgbe e meriri ndị agha na obodo e biri ndị Nazi, o wee na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke Channel, ka Albion.

Ebe a, ọ bụ n'akụkụ aka ije "Ọgụ France", nke bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke Charles de Gaulle na na nke mere ịhụ mba n'anya magazine "Free France". Aaron ghọrọ ya nchịkọta akụkọ. Bipute ná mba ọzọ, ha staryutsya ịnọgide na-enwe mmụọ nke ya compatriots.

Raymond Aron: nkebi nke mmepe nke sociological echiche

Mgbe German mwakpo ahapụ France, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị laghachiri n'ụlọ ma malitegharịa-ezi ihe. N'oge a, ọ na-akawanye na National School of Administration, nakwa dị ka na Paris Institute politissledovany, ebe ọ na-akụziri sociology.

Early sociological echiche nke Arona bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke neo (Baden akwụkwọ). N'ihe odide ya, ọ gọnahụrụ iwu nke mmepe nke ọha mmadụ na-ekwusa ozi ọma na oké metụtara na ókè-ala-on irrationality.

E mesịa, ọ kwagara n'ebe ókè nke a priori na metụtara na bịakwutere ọnọdụ nke Max Weber na ozizi ya nke "ezigbo iche" na-amụ ihe mere eme. Na ya na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke sociology, Aron kwenyere mgbanwe ọchịchọ Dürkheim na Tocqueville. Ọ na-agbalị mgbe niile ike "ụzọ" version nke akụkọ ihe mere ịhụ ihe onwunwe n'anya.

Ozizi nke Arona

Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị dere echiche nke de-ideologization. Ọ ẹkenịmde ọnọdụ nke ịgọnahụ dịtụ ebumnobi akụkọ ihe mere eme iwu, na dialectic mmekọrịta nke mmekọahụ nke mmepụta ma na-arụpụta agha, nakwa dị ka echiche nke akụ na ụba na-elekọta mmadụ guzobere.

Sociology Arona Raymona ewe maka ihe nke na-elekọta research ewepụtara nke onye ihe, dị ka na-akpali, uru nghazi nke ihe emereme na-achị, ndị ele ihe anya nke onye a na-eme nnyocha. Nke a na obibia, dị ka echiche ndị Arona, bụ a ọhụrụ, "ndị na-abụghị ideological" nchepụta nke mmadụ. Ọ bụ naanị ezi Ozizi, ebe ọmụmụ "na dị adị."

Dị ka e kwuworo, Aaron bụkwa nchoputa nke general ozizi dum ulo oru otu. O weere onwe ya a na-eso ụzọ nke Saint-Simon na Long na mgbe kwuru na ha.

The kasị ama ọrụ Raymond

Dị ka ekwuola, ọ bụkwa a nta akụkọ, na-ede akwụkwọ nke karịrị 30 akwụkwọ, n'etiti ha ndị kasị ama bụ "ọgwụ opium nke ụbụrụ na-aghọ". Raymond Aron dere ya na 1955. O mere ka a ikwommiri. Esemokwu banyere akwụkwọ a adịghị akwụsị taa. Ọ bụ ka mkpa.