"Bagration" - ọrụ na 1944. Brief Description nke sonyere, nsonaazụ

N'oge na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya e rụrụ ọtụtụ nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agha na-akpasu iwe mkpọsa nke Soviet agha. Otu n'ime ndị isi bụ ọrụ "Bagration" (1944). Mkpọsa na aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke oké general nke Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya nke 1812. Anyị na-esote na-atụle otú ọrụ "Bagration" (1944). Ọ ga-eji nkenke oge kọwara isi edoghi nke Soviet na-akpasu iwe.

mbido ogbo

agha "Bagration" malitere atọ ncheta nke German mbuso agha nke USSR. The ọrụ e rụrụ na 1944 na Berezina osimiri. Soviet agha jisiri inwere site na German chebe onwe ọtụtụ ebe. Active support na-eme otú ahụ, ha nyere ndị agha okpuru. Intensively ndị na-akpasu iwe agha nke 1st Baltic, 1st, 2nd na 3rd Belorussian asakde iso ese. Na omume nke ndị a n'akụkụ na-alụ agha "Bagration" - ọrụ (1944; director na nhazi nke plan - G. K. Zhukov). The ìgwè ndị Rokossovsky, Chernyakhovsky, Zakharov, Bagramyan. Na district nke Vilnius, Brest, Vitebsk, Bobruisk na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Minsk e mechie elu na tutu amama iro. a ole na ole nke ọma ọgụ a rụrụ. Dị ka a n'ihi nke agha e wepụtara a ịrịba akụkụ nke Belarus, na mba isi obodo - Minsk, na Lithuanian n'ókèala, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ógbè Poland. Soviet agha ruru ala nke East Prussia.

The isi n'ihu akara

"Bagration" plan (ọrụ 1944) na-atụ aro nkebi abụọ. Ha gụnyere ọtụtụ iwe mkpọsa nke Soviet agha. Ntụziaka nke "Operation Bagration" na 1944 ndị dị ka ndị a na mbụ na-adọ:

1. Vitebsk.
2. Orsha.
3. Mogilev.
4. Bobruisk.
5. Polotsk.
6. Minsk.

Nke a na-adọ ndị merenụ site 23 June 4 July. Site July 5 ka August 29, ndị na-akpasu iwe e rụrụ nakwa na ọtụtụ asakde iso ese. Na nke abụọ ogbo zubere arụmọrụ:

1. Vilnius.
2. Siauliai.
3. Bialystok.
4. Lublin-Brest.
5. Kaunas.
6. Osovetskaya.

Vitebsk, Orsha iwe

A na saịtị na-azara ọnụ họọrọ 3rd Panzer Army, nyere n'iwu site Reinhardt. Kpọmkwem si Vitebsk bụ ya 53rd Army agha. Ha nyere iwu site n'usoro. Golvittser. Near Orsha bụ nke 17 agha nke 4th Field Army. Na June 1944, ndị ọrụ "Bagration" e rụrụ na-enyemaka nke na ọgụgụ isi. N'ihi ya, ndị Soviet agha ịga nke ọma na-abami n'ime German chebe onwe ma na-akpa miri dọrọ. 23,06 Russian isi mesoo isi otiti. A isi ọrụ a na-egwuri site nke 43 na 39th ụsụụ ndị agha. The mbụ na-ekpuchi n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Vitebsk, nke abụọ - ndịda. 39th Army fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla ọzọ mma na nọmba, ma elu ịta nke agha na mpaghara kere a ịrịba obodo uru na mbụ na-adọ nke "Bagration" plan. Ọrụ (1944) na Vitebsk na Orsha wee ebe ọma na dum. Kama ngwa ngwa ọ jisiri inwere site na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-azara ọnụ na ndịda n'ihu. 6 nke agha, emi odude anya n'ebe ndịda n'akụkụ Vitebsk tụgharịa dissected n'ime ọtụtụ iberibe na efu akara. N'ime ndị na-esonụ ụbọchị, ndị ọchịagha nke nkewa na agha e gburu. The fọdụrụ akụkụ nke furu efu n'ihe ọ bụla ọzọ, na-akpụ akpụ nta dị iche iche n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ.

ntọhapụ nke obodo

June 24 nke 1st Baltic n'ihu ruru Dvina. Army Group "North" agbalịwo counter-agha. Otú ọ dị, ha itunanya ahụ agaghị nke ọma. Na Beshenkovichi gburugburu kabinet otu D. ndịda Vitebsk ẹkenam ígwè agha brigeedi Oslikovskogo. Ya otu na-ngwa ngwa iji gaa ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ.

Na June 1944, ndị ọrụ "Bagration" e rụrụ na saịtị Orsha nwayọọ nwayọọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na e nwere mgbe a otu n'ime ndị kasị dị ike bipu German nkewa - wakpo 78th. Ọ bụ ka mma staffed karịa ndị ọzọ, nwere nkwado nke 50 onwe-propelled egbe. Ọ na-chọpụtara nke 14 Motorized Division.

Otú ọ dị, Russian iwu wee na-mejuputa "Bagration" plan. Ọrụ 1944 agụnye iwebata nke 5th-eche ha nche tank Army. Soviet agha bee ụgbọ okporo ígwè akara si Orchies n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na Tolochin. Ndị Germany na-amanye ma hapụ obodo ahụ, ma ọ bụ na-ala n'iyi na "ite".

Morning 27,06 Orsha e sụrụ nke ndị mwakpo. 5th-eche ha nche. Panzer Army malitere ịka ka Borisov. 27,06 ụtụtụ na e wepụtara na Vitebsk. Ebe a gbachiteere German otu, na-gụrụ na eve nke ogbunigwe na ikuku etiwapụ. The mwakpo mere ọtụtụ mgbalị inwere site na encirclement. 26,06 Otu n'ime ha bụ ihe ịga nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, a awa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị banyere 5 puku. Germany na-ọzọ gbara ya gburugburu.

itunanya pụta

N'ihi iwe nke Soviet agha fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam 53rd agha bibiri ndị Germany. Site onye fasizim nkeji jisiri agbaji 200 ndị mmadụ. Haupt Dị ka ihe ndekọ na-egosi, ọ fọrọ nke nta ha niile na-merụrụ ahụ. Soviet agha nwekwara jisiri mmeri nke 6 agha na Group D. E mere ka nke ahụ kwe omume site "Bagration" atụmatụ nke achikota mmejuputa iwu-nke mbụ ogbo. Ọrụ 1944 na Vitebsk na Orsha kwere iwepụ ugwu ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke "Center". Ọ bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ ka n'ihu zuru ebe otu.

Mgba na Mogilev

Nke a na-ewere dị ka n'ihu akụkụ nke inyeaka. 23,06 irè ogbunigwe nkwadebe e rụrụ. The agha nke 2nd Byelorussian Front malitere ịmanye osimiri. Prony. N'ihi na ọ were German nzere akara. "Ọrụ Bagration" na June 1944 wee ebe na-arụsi ọrụ ike iji ogbunigwe. Na onye iro e fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam-ewute ya. Na Mogilev direction ngwa ngwa ndị injinịa eduzi àkwà mmiri 78 n'ihi na amaokwu nke bipu, na 4 60-ton arọ ịgafe na art.

Ọtụtụ awa ka e mesịrị, ọtụtụ ndị German bi n'ọnụ ama esịn si 80-100 ka 15-20 ndị mmadụ. Ma akụkụ nke 4th Army, jisiri ịkwaga nke abụọ akara na p. Basho nnọọ n'usoro. "Ọrụ Bagration" na June 1944, nọgidere na Dnieper ese n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ugwu nke Mogilev. 27,06 obodo gburugburu were na-esote ụbọchị agha. Mogilev e weghaara banyere 2 puku. Mkpọrọ. Otu n'ime ha bụ ọchịagha nke 12th bipu Division Bamler na ọchịagha ndabere Ermansdorf. Nke ikpeazụ ekemende hụrụ ikpe ayak a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke oké mpụ ma kwụgbuo ya. The ichighaazu nke ndị Germany nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ihe na ọzọ-ahazighị ahazi. Ruo mgbe 29,06 ya e bibiri na weghaara 33 puku. German agha, 20 tankị.

Bobruisk

"Ọrụ Bagration" (1944) na-agụnye guzobe nke South "claws" nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. A edinam e rụrụ ike kacha ike na ọtụtụ Belorussian n'ihu, nyere n'iwu site Rokossovsky. Ná mmalite aka na-akpasu ya iwe nri nku. Ndị na-eguzogide ọ dọgburu 9 Field Army site n'usoro. Jordan. iji kpochapụ ndị iro nsogbu ahụ na-edozi site na-eke obodo "ji esi mmiri ọkụ" nso Bobruisk.

The iwe malitere na ndịda 24,06. "Ọrụ Bagration", 1944, na-agụnye iji ugbo elu ebe a. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke ukwu siere ya ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ebe ya onwe ya bụ nnọọ mma maka iwe. Soviet agha nwere ike imeri ezi a apịtị ala opitoropi. Otú ọ dị, nke a ụzọ a họọrọ ụma, n'ihi na nke a n'akụkụ nke German agbachitere adịghị ike. 27,06 ẹkenịmde intercept nke okporo ụzọ si Bobruisk n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Key German agha na-gbara ya gburugburu. Na dayameta nke mgbanaka bụ banyere 25 km. The ọrụ ka onwe Bobruisk nke ọma. N'oge na-akpasu iwe, abụọ ụlọ e bibiri - na 35th Army na 41 Panzer. Ọgba aghara nke 9 Army kwere ka na-emeghe ụzọ Minsk si n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ.

Mgba na Polotsk

Nke a akara nke oké nchegbu na Russian iwu. Iwepụ nsogbu malitere Baghramyan. N'ezie, n'etiti Vitebsk, Orsha na Polotsk arụmọrụ emebighị. Isi iro kwalitere 3rd Panzer Army, ndị agha nke "North" (16 ubi agha). Na idobere, ndị Germany nwere 2 bipu nkewa. Polotskaya ọrụ na-adịghị agwụ agwụ na ndị dị otú a ewee nọrọ n'ọgba aghara dị ka na Vitebsk. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-ekwe ka ịnapụ onye iro wusiri ike, ụgbọ okporo ígwè nkwụsị. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ihe iyi egwu a wepụrụ 1st Baltic Front na ìgwè ndị agha "North" e emebiwo site n'ebe ndịda, bụ nke gụnyere flanker.

The ichighaazu nke 4th Army

Mgbe e meriri ndị dị n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ugwu flanks nso Bobruisk na Vitebsk Germany ndị tọrọ a rektangulu. Eastern mgbidi kpụrụ Drut River, Western - Berezina. Si n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda bụ Soviet agha. Iji n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Minsk e odude. Nke ahụ bụ isi na-efega nke Soviet agha na iji nke a. Na flanks nke 4th Army n'ezie enweghị a cover. Gene. ndabere Tippelskirch nyere iwu a ichighaazu gafee Berezina. Iji mee nke a, anyị nwere iji a unyi ụzọ si Mogilev. Dị ka naanị mmiri ndị German agha gbalịrị ịkwaga n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ n'ikperé mmiri, na-enwe a mgbe nile na-ọku atụ bọmbụ na agha ugbo elu. Site ịchịkwa ịgafe nwere obibi na agha uwe ojii, ma, ọ hapụ ọrụ. Ke adianade do, na saịtị nọ partisans. Ha nọrọ mgbe nile ọgụ nke German ọnọdụ. Ọnọdụ n'ihi na onye iro na-mgbagwoju anya site na eziokwu na site funneling òkè sonyeere a otu si gbajiri akụkụ na ndị ọzọ ebe, gụnyere nke Vitebsk. Na nke a, ichighaazu nke 4th Army adịghị na e so site nnukwu losses.

The agha na Ndida nke Minsk

Na-akpasu iwe na-edu mobile iche iche - armored, ígwè na ndi agha-ígwè nkeji. Part Pliev ngwa ngwa na-enwe ọganihu na-amalite Slutsk. The obodo nke ya otu ekpe mgbede 29,06. N'ihi na eziokwu na tupu 1st Byelorussian n'ihu Germany ahụhụ arọ losses, ha nwere obere eguzogide. Slutsk gbachiteere onwe ya compound 35 nke na 102 nke nkewa. Ha haziri eguzogide. Pliev mgbe malitere imegide atọ flanks n'out oge. Nke a agha nke ọma, na 11 ụtụtụ 30,06 obodo ahụ sụrụ nke Germany. Site 2 July ịnyịnya na-ígwè nkeji Pliev were Shults, igbupụ ụzọ otu n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. The itunanya e rụrụ ngwa ngwa-ezuru. Ndị na-eguzogide dọgburu obere unorganized otu Germany.

Battle for Minsk

Ka n'ihu malitere bịarutere mobile mee nke ndị Germany. Ha na-ewepụtara isi site na-arụ ọrụ na Ukraine akụkụ. Mbụ wee 5th Panzer Division. Ọ nọchiri anya a isi iyi egwu, na-echebara eziokwu na na n'oge gara aga ọnwa ole na ole, ọ fọrọ nke nta na-ekere òkè na-alụ ọgụ. Nkewa e ọma onwem, na rearmed mesikwuru 505th arọ battalion. Otú ọ dị, na-adịghị ike mgbe onye iro a bụ bipu. Ọ gụnyere ma ọ bụ ihe nchebe, ma ọ bụ onye tara ahụhụ ịrịba weere nkewa. On ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ n'akụkụ nke Minsk gafere a oké njọ agha. Ụgbọ mmiri tanker kwuru iro na Mkpochapu 295 Soviet igwe. Otú ọ dị, obi abụọ adịghị na ha onwe ha ahụhụ dị oké njọ losses. 5th Division e belata ka 18 tankị furu niile "tiger" 505 battalion. N'ihi ya, compound tụfuru ya ikike inwe mmetụta n'ahụ N'ezie nke agha. 2nd-eche ha nche. July 1, ụlọ nso ná mpụga Minsk. Na-eje ije gburugburu, ọ nyawara n'ime obodo si n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. N'out oge si ndịda, Rokossovskogo detachment si n'ebe ugwu - 5th Panzer Army, na si n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - iche iche jikọtara aka agha. Minsk agbachitere adịteghị. The obodo e merụsịrị mebiri site ndị Germany dị ka n'oge dị 1941. Alaghachi azụ Mmeju ịfụ ụlọ ọrụ.

The ida nke 4th Army

The German otu gbara ya gburugburu, ma ka nwara inwere site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Ndị Nazi ọbụna agha na machetes. The iwu nke 4th Army, gbagara n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, nke mere na n'ezie akara gosipụtara kama ndabere Tippelskirch isi nke 12 na Army agha Mueller. July 8-9, German na-eguzogide na Minsk "ite" e mesịrị agbaji. Up 12 nọmba kere ihicha: mgbe nkeji, ọnụ na ndị agha okpuru na-neutralized na ọhịa nke nta dị iche iche nke ndị iro. Mgbe nke a agha si n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Minsk biri.

abụọ ụkwụ

Mgbe mmezu nke mbụ ogbo nke ọrụ "Bagration" (1944), na nkenke na-ekwu okwu, ndị chere kacha nkwekọrita ihe ịga nke ọma. N'otu oge ahụ ndị agha Germany na-agbalị iji weghachi n'ihu. Na nke abụọ ogbo nke Soviet nkeji nwere ibuso ndị Germany mee. The ụkpụrụ nduzi nke atọ Reich agha n'otu oge e nwere ndị pesonel mgbanwe. Mgbe Ịchụpụ nke ndị Germany si Polotsk bụ ọrụ ọhụrụ tupu Bagramyan. 1st Baltic Front e kwesịrị ime ihe na-akpasu iwe n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, na ntụziaka nke Daugavpils, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - ka Sventsyanam na Kaunas. The atụmatụ bụ inwere site na Baltic na overlapping ozi agha njikọ "North" site na ike nke agha nke Wehrmacht. Mgbe flanking permutations malitere kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ. German agha ugbu iso ha counterattacks. 20,08 The iwe malitere na Tukums site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. N'ihi na a mkpirikpi oge, ndị Germany jisiri weghachi nkwurịta okwu n'etiti ndị akụkụ nke "Center" na "North". Otú ọ dị, nke 3rd Panzer Army agha Siauliai okpu. Ke mbubreyo August, a ezumike mere na agha. 1st Baltic Front okokụre ya nke na-akpasu iwe na ime "Bagration".