Black Sea size: omimi, obosara ogologo

Na-edebe ihe ochie na e nwere akwụkwọ na-egosi na mbụ ọmụma banyere Black Sea dịịrị V narị afọ. BC. Ọ bụ n'ihi na ya anaghị atụ ụjọ Argonauts, edu Jason gara Colchis na search nke Golden ajị anụ, na-emeri ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi. Ozugbo ọ na-agbanweghị kemgbe aha! Black Sea a egosi kwubara mbụ na ụwa. Ebe mbụ kwuru na akwụkwọ nke aha agbanweela banyere 20 ugboro.

Ebe ke oge a aha?

E nwere iche iche nsụgharị banyere ya si malite. Ndị Grik oge ochie aha ya bụ na ọ Sea - Pont Axinus, nke sụgharịta ka "kpọrọ nkụ". Nke a aha bịara n'ihi nsogbu na igodo oge ochie ụgbọ mmiri, n'agbanyeghị nke obere, tụnyere ndị ọzọ, na nke nke Black Sea. Ozugbo mụtachara n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke colonists, ọ gbanwere na Pont Euxine, nke sụgharịta ka "enyi na enyi." Na 10-16 narị afọ rusichi kpọrọ ya "Russian Sea", ma ọ bụ "Sitia". Taa aha esite - Black.

Gịnị mere nke a aha? The mbụ isi iyi nke aha na-ezo aka nke Iri na Atọ na narị afọ, ọ bụ ezie na o kwere omume na ọ pụtara ọtụtụ mbụ. Otu amụma na-egosi na aha bilitere n'ihi na nke nsogbu nke ụmụ amaala ndị megide ha mmeri. "Kara Deniz" - "nwa na kpọrọ nkụ." Dị ka ọzọ version, na-akpọ ya site ekupụ si ndịda mba, nke na-hụrụ n'oge oké ifufe ọchịchịrị igwe jikọrọ ya mmiri nke oké osimiri. Esite n'ezie oké ifufe anya nwa.

Ọzọ ozizi bụ oge a na aha sitere n'ihi nke kpọmkwem Njirimara nke na-esite "blacken" na arịlịka na ihe ndị ọzọ omimi. Nke a na-eme n'ihi na nke mmetụta nke hydrogen sulfide. Dị ka ndị ọzọ na-ekwu, ya aha na-na oké osimiri nke nwa apịtị, nke a na oge ẹsịn mbenesụk n'oge oké ifufe.

The akụkụ nke Black Sea: obosara, ogologo

Ponta mkpebi gbalịrị gbakọọ Herodotus ji atụ ya nkebi, nke wepụtara ndị gara ụgbọala n'ụbọchị orgies (anya). Ogologo ya, dị ka Herodotus, nwere 11.100 nzọụkwụ, na obosara bụ ihe kasị saa mbara ebe - 3300 nzọụkwụ. Modern ọkà mmụta nwere ohere n'ime a kilometa gbakọọ size nke Black Sea. Nnukwu nke ogologo ya site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - a anya nke n'elu 1150 km, si n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Bulgarian n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Georgia.

Si Ukraine obodo Koblevo ahụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Turkey bụ size nke Black Sea (km) -616, site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda. The kasị nta ogologo bụ banyere 265 km. Na mpaghara ọdịdị mbara ala, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ka na-ike ikpebi, n'agbanyeghị nke mara size nke Black Sea. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị mgbawa, ọ enyene 422000 square kilomita, na ndị ọzọ - 436 400 km². Ngụkọta ogologo nke oké osimiri bụ banyere 4100 km. The ẹdude ego nke mmiri - banyere 555 000 cubic kilomita.

Gịnị bụ size nke Black Sea na a omimi? Ndị a na-egosi ndị dị ka ndị: karịa omimi bụ n'etiti 2212-2245 m, nkezi - 1250 m n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-esite a tọhapụrụ ka e nwere ogologo-emighị emi mmiri mpaghara, na-eru ruo 200 km na ịdị obosara na ịdị omimi - karịa 160 mita ..

The si malite n'ala oké osimiri ahụ

Na nke a ohere, banyere 30-40 nde afọ gara aga, ọ e odude a oké osimiri nke Tethys. Geological nnukwu-Filiks mgbe niile kpụrụ ọdịdị ala nke ugwu, dị ka ndị Carpathians, ndị Alps na Caucasus, nke gbajisịa a oké osimiri nke Tethys n'ime nta ozu mmiri. Otu n'ime ha bụ ndị Sarmatian Sea. Ọ dị na saịtị nke taa Aral, Azov, Black na Caspian n'oké osimiri.

geological kpọmkwem

The size nke Black Sea were n'olulu, nke na-kewapụrụ n'ebe ndị Atlantic Ocean. Ya macrorelief heterogeneous na mejupụtara atọ na-egbuke egbuke ebe: ndị continental mkpọda, shelf na nke miri emi efere. Adịghị adị mpaghara e ji obere omimi, ndị continental mkpọda na-nnọọ mkpumkpu, ọ e ji ọnụnọ nke okpuru mmiri dị omimi na ndagwurugwu. Basin esịmde kasị ukwuu omimi na etiti nke Oké Osimiri Ojii. Ọzọkwa, isi nke ebe ala ọdịdị ala bụ na okwu nke Alpine geosynclinal mpaghara. Esite ahụ mejupụta Yurop osimiri Dnieper, Dniester, Southern Bug, Danube, Psou, Bzyb, Cawdor, Yesil-Irmak, Inguri, Rioni, na ndị ọzọ.

Nke a bụ ndị kasị dị ịrịba hydrosulfide ọdọ mmiri nke ụwa anyị. Ịmata e ji mara bụ ya zuru specificity, ma e wezụga na ahụkebe anaerobic ụdị microorganisms, unsuitability maka ndụ na ogbu n'okpuru 150-200 m. Ndị a n'ígwé na-etinye obi gị dum hydrogen sulfide, ìgwè nke na-na-ejikọta ya na ndị bi na nke sulfate-mbenata bacteria. The nkezi salinity nke elu mmiri n'ígwé na akụkụ bụ isi nke esite - nkezi (16-18 ‰). Na ogbu n'okpuru 150-200 m ọ enwekwu na 21-22 ‰.

Gịnị bụ akụkụ nke Black Sea?

Marine ọdọ mmiri a geographically kere atọ isi ebe. Ha onu ogugu enwere ugbua:

Obodo ebe

Southern n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Oké Osimiri Ojii si Georgia ka ọnụ. Rezovska ezo aka n'ókèala Turkey. West Coast nke esite bụ nke Bulgaria, wee - n'ebe ugwu ka ókè na Ukraine - Romania. Mmiri nke Black Sea n'ụsọ oké osimiri na-asa site na Russia, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Turkey, Abkhazia na Georgia. On ya elu na-aga na-atụ ókè-ala n'etiti Asia na Europe.

Ebe ọ bụ na Black Sea akụkụ (obosara, ogologo, omimi) dịtụ obere, obere obrazovyvajutsja tides tụnyere ndị ọzọ na-emeghe ponds. Nke a na-eme n'ihi na nke ala mmiri mgbanwe na Atlantic Ocean. Oké osimiri a nnukwu tectonic olulu, nke bụ kacha na-omimi -. About 2245 m Iji n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ n'ókè-ala-na-ala, ma e nwere ụfọdụ nkpoda chakoo. Na Crimea - isi ala-na-agha ụgha, ma e wezụga n'ihi na ndịda ụsọ oké osimiri nke ugwu. Na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda n'akụkụ nnọọ nso oké osimiri adabara Kọkeshịan na Pontic Ugwu.

Mgbe confluence nke osimiri kpụrụ emighị emi bays - Lima Dniester, Khadzhibei, Kuyal'nitskogo, Tiligulskiy na Dnipro. The kasị ibu dịịrị banye na mmiri nke Oké Osimiri Ojii Crimea omume, jikọọ na Chile site Perekop Isthmus. Islands na Black Sea a ole na ole. The kasị n'etiti ha - Berezan na serpentine, onye ọ bụla na-ebe ihe na-erughị 1 km². Kerch Strait, na ogbu sitere si 4 18 mita, ejikọ ndị Black Sea na Sea of Azov. Bosporus na Dardanelles site Marmara na Aegean oké osimiri ejikọ ya na Mediterranean.

na-akpali eziokwu

Scholars ugboro ugboro tụlere ozizi na Black Sea mere banyere 6000-8000 afọ gara aga, mgbe ahụ bilitere oké osimiri na-etoju n'ihi-agbaze kpụkọrọ. Dị ka larịị nke mmiri na Mediterranean Sea emeriela eke dam, onye ọrụ bụ taa Bosphorus. Mgbe na-agbasa a ibu iyi nke mmiri bụ hà ike nke 200 Niagara Falls, ọyọhọ ke ugbu a mmiri n'olulu. Nke a eke mmewere dị ka ebe nile version of Iju Mmiri ahụ, nke a na-ẹwụtde ke Old Testament. Ọ dị mkpa na n'oge a isi ọdachi ekwekọ n'àgwà nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na okpukpe isi mmalite.